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Fig. 1
National level of carbon emissions from the 1850–2011 period (the emission estimates are expressed in thousand metric tons of carbon, per capita emission estimates are expressed in metric tons of carbon)
Fig. 2
Sampling sites (A, B, C, N, S, T) in the vicinity ot the nitrogen factory: Grupa Azoty ZAK (ZAK) and chemical factory Blachownia Holding s.a (Blachownia) in the southern part of Poland; and dominant wind direction.
Fig. 3
Site tree-ring width chronologies (lines), site indexed chronologies (grey area), and negative exponential fit curves. In the bracket there is a reduction period of time.
Fig. 4
Decrease of the level of air pollution (PM, SO2, NOx and CO) in Opole voivodship (R-right axes) and increase of trees indexed chronologies since 1970s (L-left axes). Sampling sites: A, B, C, N, S, T.
Fig. 5
The dendrogram of site indexed chronologies. Sampling sites: A, B, C, N, S, T.
Fig. 6
The number of partial population which occurred site pointer years.
Fig. 7
Comparison of trace elements component (Na, Mg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) in two wood profiles and total wet deposition or concentration in the rain of these elements.
Fig. 8
Radial variations (grey area) of element concentrations (Na, Mg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) in pine wood from area nearby chemical factories.
Selected dendrochronological statistics. MTRW (mean tree-ring width), MRI (mean relative radial increment), and MCI (mean change of index) were calculated for 3 periods: (a) before reduction, (b) during reduction, (c) during recovery; rbt – the mean between-tree series correlation, EPS – the expressed population signal is a statistic for examining the common variability in chronology; rbt and EPS were calculated for 2 periods of time: (d) 1940–2012 (total common period, n=73) and (e) 1962–1989 (common reduction period, n=28)
Site
MTRW (mm)
MRI (%)
MCI
rbt
EPS
a / b / c
a / b / c
a / b / c
d / e
d / e
A
3.91 / 1.50 / 0.37
100 / 61 / 138
0.24 / 0.13 / 0.26
0.417 / 0.361
0.935 / 0.918
B
2.77 / 0.93 / 1.61
100 / 56 / 164
0.16 / 0.14 / 0.31
0.532 / 0.421
0.958 / 0.935
C
1.92 / 0.69 / 1.36
97 / 53 / 183
0.18 / 0.13 / 0.44
0.499 / 0.355
0.952 / 0.916
N
2.41 / 1.31 / 1.43
98 / 78 / 132
0.17 / 0.15 / 0.27
0.397 / 0.319
0.930 / 0.903
S
1.61 / 1.40 / 1.52
97 / 94 / 119
0.17 / 0.19 / 0.22
0.436 / 0.424
0.939 / 0.937
T
3.02 / 0.91 / 1.36
98 / 58 / 188
0.18 / 0.13 / 0.42
0.497 / 0.371
0.952 / 0.921
Sampling site – geographical coordinates, elevation and forest type (FMB – fresh mixed broadleaved forest).