<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Hepatitis is a global disease that is on the rise and is currently the cause of more deaths than the human immunodeficiency virus each year. As a result, there is an increasing need for antivirals. Previously, effective antivirals have been found in the form of substrate-mimetic antiviral protease inhibitors. The application of machine learning has been used to predict cleavage patterns of viral proteases to provide information for future drug design. This study has successfully applied and compared several machine learning algorithms to hepatitis C viral NS3 serine protease cleavage data. Results have found that differences in sequence-extraction methods can outweigh differences in algorithm choice. Models produced from pseudo-coded datasets all performed with high accuracy and outperformed models created with orthogonal-coded datasets. However, no single pseudo-model performed significantly better than any other. Evaluation of performance measures also show that the correct choice of model scoring system is essential for unbiased model assessment.</abstract>

A comparison of machine learning algorithms for the prediction of Hepatitis C NS3 protease cleavage sites

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Some mineral nutrients may help to alleviate cadmium stress in plants. Therefore, influence of Fe, Ca, and Zn supplements on photosynthesis light reactions under Cd stress studied in two Indian rice cultivars namely, MO-16 and MTU-7029 respectively. Exogenous application of both Fe and Ca ions helped to uphold quantum efficiency and linear electron transport during Cd stress. Also, recovery of biomass noticed during Cd treatment with Fe and Ca supplements. It was found that accumulation of carotenoids as well as non photochemical quenching enhances with Fe, Ca, and Zn supplements. Chlorophyll a/b ratio increased with Cd accumulation as a strategy to increase light harvest. Lipid peroxidation level was ascertained the highest during Cd plus Zn treatments. Above results point that both Fe and Ca ions supplements help to alleviate Cd stress on photosynthesis light reactions of rice plants.</abstract>

Photosynthetic light reactions in <italic>Oryza sativa</italic> L. under Cd stress: Influence of iron, calcium, and zinc supplements

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The soil degraded and changed by the anthropic activity must be monitored and the awareness of the intrinsic processes will allow a pertinent analysis of the effects of the application of the new technologies on the management and the sustainability of the soil.Two natural and anthropic Phaeozems were analyzed from the point of view of chemical, microbiological characteristics, quality and composition of organic compounds.Total values of microbial biomass and bacterial and fungal counts were generally twice higher in Calcaric Phaeozems than in Verti-Stagnic Phaeozems.The content of humic precursors in Calcaric Phaeozems was quantitatively higher than that determined in Verti-stagnic Phaeozems, with a total content of phenols of 14.6mgGAExg−1d.m., polysaccharides and proteins of 97mgxg−1, respectivelly 16.6mgxl−1.The ascending chromatograms showed specific distribution and higher density of the organic compounds in the CAFT sub-fraction of the Verti-stagnic Phaeozems. Pfeiffer specific chromatograms revealed an enzyme activity much higher than average at the Verti-stagnic Phaeozems, with a well-characterized functional diversity. The nutritional reserve appeared increased but poorly diversified in the Calcaric Phaeozems. Humification processes are intense, colloidal substances are present, the mineral component is very well integrated in the organic material at the Verti-stagnic Phaeozems and complex protein content is well revealed especially in the Calcaric Phaeozems.Capillary dynamolysis reflected a characteristic pattern of Phaeozems soils, with particularities for each soil type, represented by colors, contours and particular forms of the specific structures developed.Both soils presented good conditions for sustaining vegetation either natural or cultivated but results indicated that anthropic intervention determined a more dynamic mineralization of organic matter. Further monitoring of soil organic matter dynamics is needed and adjusting management practices for conservation of biodiversity and global ecosystem protection against the effect of anthropic intervention.</abstract>

Differences in organic matter quality, chemical and microbiological characteristics of two Phaeozems under natural and anthropic influence

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Activated charcoal was microencapsulated with <italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus</italic> 314 previously adapted for urea uptake. The creatinine removal capacity of this combination microcapsule was evaluated in-vitro in media simulating the small intestine. Results show that microcapsules containing both activated charcoal and <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> 314 demonstrated potential for decreasing creatinine. Interestingly, when co-encapsulating both activated charcoal and <italic>L. acidophilus</italic> 314 a smaller decrease in creatinine was observed than when encapsulating them separately. However, co-encapsulated microcapsules were more stable in various parts of the gastrointestinal system and survived longer in storage. These results suggest the feasibility of using microcapsules containing activated charcoal and probiotic bacteria as oral adjuvants for creatinine removal and provides a theoretical model for the use of these microcapsules to remove any unwanted metabolite.</abstract>

Artificial cell microcapsules containing live bacterial cells and activated charcoal for managing renal failure creatinine: preparation and <italic>in-vitro</italic> analysis

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Morning Glory (<italic>Ipomoea purpurea</italic> (L.) Roth.) is a climbing plant known for its ornamental properties and ease of cultivation in temperate climates. Quality and colour of flowers and leaves, especially in the production of ornamentals, are important parameters both for producers and for customers. This study aimed to investigate the changes in photosynthetic pigment, protein and dry matter content of <italic>in vitro</italic>-propagated <italic>I. purpurea</italic> following chitosan treatment with different polymerization degrees (DP) and to determine the indirect effect of this biopolymer on leaves of the plant. Nodal explants of <italic>I. purpurea</italic> were cultured in medium supplemented with 5, 10 and 20 mg L−1 concentrations of a chitosan oligomers mixture with a variable degree of polymerization (DP) ranging from 2 to 15 or chitosan polymer with DP of 70. It was found that both oligomeric and polymeric chitosan treatments increased chlorophyll-a contents in the leaves when compared to the chitosan-naïve control group. Polymeric chitosan stimulated chlorophyll-b and carotenoid synthesis more effectively than the oligomer mixture. Also, 10 mg L−1 polymeric chitosan better triggered total protein production and plant dry matter content in <italic>I. purpurea</italic>. The results of this study showed that, due to their stimulatory effects on photosynthetic pigment, protein and plant dry matter production, chitosan oligomers at low concentration and polymers at moderate concentration might be considered as safe and natural biostimulants for ornamental plants which could affect the plant’s attractiveness and commercial success.</abstract>

Polymerization degree-dependent changes in the effects of <italic>in vitro</italic> chitosan treatments on photosynthetic pigment, protein, and dry matter contents of <italic>Ipomoea purpurea</italic>

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The EuroBiotech Journal is the official journal of the The European Biotechnology Thematic Network Association (EBTNA) and is published periodically every three months. It covers both the science of biotechnology. The journal publishes peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, brief reports, short communications and opinions in various areas of biotechnology. The EuroBiotech Journal presents the full diversity of biotechnology science, particularly advances in research and developments that open opportunities for exploitation of knowledge, commercially or otherwise, together with discussion and comment on broader issues of general interest and concern. The outlook is fully international.  The scope of the EuroBiotech Journal includes the research and industrial aspects of biotechnology, in areas including: Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals; Immunotherapy and Diagnostics; Genetic Engineering; Gene-Editing; Protein Engineering; Genomics; Synthetic Biology; Molecular technologies; Nanotechnology; Bioinformatics and Databases; and Digital technologies and Artificial Intelligence, where they relate to biotechnology.  The EuroBiotech Journal publishes only online, and all articles are available on our website free of charge. Each work will receive a unique DOI (Digital Object Identifier) number.  The EuroBiotech Journal is committed to publishing works in the field of biotechnology by researchers from all over the World which are innovative and contribute to scientific knowledge.  Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 

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Volume 3 (2019): Issue 4 (October 2019)

A comparison of machine learning algorithms for the prediction of Hepatitis C NS3 protease cleavage sites

Photosynthetic light reactions in Oryza sativa L. under Cd stress: Influence of iron, calcium, and zinc supplements

Differences in organic matter quality, chemical and microbiological characteristics of two Phaeozems under natural and anthropic influence

Artificial cell microcapsules containing live bacterial cells and activated charcoal for managing renal failure creatinine: preparation and in-vitro analysis

Polymerization degree-dependent changes in the effects of in vitro chitosan treatments on photosynthetic pigment, protein, and dry matter contents of Ipomoea purpurea

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