(formerly: Reports on Geodesy);
The Journal of Warsaw University of Technology

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

Reports on Geodesy & Geoin ONL

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
Stereo photogrammetry has been used in this study to analyse and detect movements within the Lecture theater of School of Environmental Technology of Federal University of Technology Minna via the use of Kalman filter algorithm. The essential steps for implementation of this method are herein highlighted and results obtained indicate Ins. Mov.s (velocity) ranging from ±0.0000001 m/epoch to ±0.000007 m/epoch with greater movements noticed in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction of the building. Because the observed movements were insignificant, the building has been classified as stable. However, a longer period of observation with a bi-monthly observational interval has been recommended to enable decision on the rate of rise/sink and deformation of the building.
</abstract>

Abstract

Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics

Enugu State University of Science and Technology

Keywords

<article-title>Stereophotogrammetry for 2-D building deformation monitoring using Kalman Filter</article-title>

Stereophotogrammetry for 2-D building deformation monitoring using Kalman Filter

{"article-title":"Stereophotogrammetry for 2-D building deformation monitoring using Kalman Filter"}

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
In Poland, the cadastre is the basic register which is the source of information on cadastral entities and their property. Therefore, it should constitute a reliable source of information in the scope of establishing the range of law, its nature, but also the subject of its ownership. However, it is necessary to be able to not only check the current information on the legal status and its scope, but also review past statuses or determine the rights that will influence real estate in the future. The cadastre and related rights are changing very dynamically over time, and each state has a very strict reference to the previous state. Therefore, in order to manage real estate in the most effective way, it is necessary to record temporal attributes of cadastre objects.
The main objective of this paper is to define the legal issues related to the possibility of registration at the time of creation or modification of object in the Polish cadastre. This paper includes analyses of both Polish legal regulations and European standards and norms. Moreover, the article presents the results of comparative analyses concerning the data model of cadastre and INSPIRE and Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) data models for the theme cadastral parcel in terms of temporal aspect.
</abstract>

Department of Integrated Geodesy and Cartography, Faculty od Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering

<article-title>Legal aspects of registration the time of cadastral data creation or modification</article-title>

Legal aspects of registration the time of cadastral data creation or modification

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
One of the challenges faced by surveyors in acquisition of accurate spatial data for mining applications is the risk involved in acquiring data in rugged terrains and difficult or inaccessible areas. With the advent of modern technology, accurate geospatial data can now be safely obtained for proper mining documentation periodically. The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for data acquisition in mine surveying has been a viable means of obtaining reliable geospatial data rapidly and efficiently. The main goal of this study is to develop a semi-automatic UAV-based system for the acquisition of spatial data required for the estimation of the volume of earthworks. A DJI Phantom 4 quadcopter was used for the acquisition of image data of the project site, while the images were processed into a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) using Pix4Dmapper v2.0.1, which was then imported into the MATLAB-based system developed for the automatic estimation of the volume of earthworks. The volume obtained from the automated system was thus compared with the volume obtained directly from the Pix4Dmapper software, having specified a contour interval of 1 and an allowable error rate of ±3% as the standard error. While ±1.02% error was observed in the volume estimated using the Pix4Dmapper, the developed automated system yielded an estimated precision of ±0.81% in its volume estimation, which proves to be more robust for automatic volume estimation in terms of accuracy and precision.
</abstract>

<article-title>Development of a UAV-based system for the semi-automatic estimation of the volume of earthworks</article-title>

Development of a UAV-based system for the semi-automatic estimation of the volume of earthworks

<abstract>
<title style='display:none'>Abstract</title>
For several decades, Nigerian cities have been experiencing a decline in their biodiversity resulting from rapid land use land cover (LULC) changes. Anticipating short/long-term consequences, this study hypothesised the effects of LULC variables in Akure, a developing tropical rainforest city in south-west Nigeria. A differentiated trend of urban LULC was determined over a period covering 1999–2019. The study showed the net change for bare land, built-up area, cultivated land, forest cover and grassland over the two decades to be −292.68 km2, +325.79 km2, +88.65 km2, +8.62 km2 and −131.38 km2, respectively. With a projected population increase of about 46.85%, the study identified that the built-up land cover increased from 1.98% to 48.61%. The change detection analysis revealed an upsurge in built area class. The expansion indicated a significant inverse correlation with the bare land class (50.97% to 8.66%) and grassland class (36.33% to 17.94%) over the study period. The study observed that the land consumption rate (in hectares) steadily increased by 0.00505, 0.00362 and 0.0687, in the year 1999, 2009 and 2019, respectively. This rate of increase is higher than studies conducted in more populated cities. The Cellular Automata (CA) Markovian analysis predicted a 37.92% growth of the study area will be the built-up area in the next two decades (2039). The 20-year prediction for Akure built-up area is within range when compared to CA Markov prediction for other cities across the globe. The findings of this study will guide future planning for rational LULC evaluation.
</abstract>

Department of Geomatics, Faculty of Environmental Design

<article-title>Monitoring and forecasting spatio-temporal LULC for Akure rainforest habitat in Nigeria</article-title>

Monitoring and forecasting spatio-temporal LULC for Akure rainforest habitat in Nigeria

<table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center" valign="middle">S/N</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle">Instrument</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle">Scene Identifier</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle">Bands Stacked</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle">Cloud Cover (%)</th>
<th align="center" valign="middle">Geometric RMSE Model (m)</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="top">1</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">Landsat 7 ETM+</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">LE71900551999347AGS01</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">1–8</td>
<td align="right" valign="top">11.00</td>
<td align="right" valign="top">3.59</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="top">2</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">Landsat 7 ETM+</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">LE71900552009326ASN00</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">1–8</td>
<td align="right" valign="top">8.00</td>
<td align="right" valign="top">4.22</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="top">3</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">Landsat 8 OLI</td>
<td align="left" valign="top">LC81900552019010LGN00</td>
<td align="center" valign="top">1–9</td>
<td align="right" valign="top">13.02</td>
<td align="right" valign="top">7.52</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics is covered by the following services: <ul> <li> Arianta </li> <li> Astrophysics Data System (ADS) </li> <li> Baidu Scholar </li> <li> BazTech </li> <li> CNKI Scholar (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) </li> <li> CNPIEC - cnpLINKer </li> <li> Dimensions </li> <li> DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals) </li> <li> EBSCO (relevant databases) </li> <li> EBSCO Discovery Service </li> <li> Engineering Village </li> <li> Genamics JournalSeek </li> <li> GeoArchive </li> <li> GeoRef </li> <li> GoOA </li> <li> Google Scholar </li> <li> Index Copernicus </li> <li> Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) </li> <li> J-Gate </li> <li> JournalTOCs </li> <li> KESLI-NDSL (Korean National Discovery for Science Leaders) </li> <li> Microsoft Academic </li> <li> MyScienceWork </li> <li> Naver Academic </li> <li> Naviga (Softweco) </li> <li> POL-index </li> <li> Primo Central (ExLibris) </li> <li> Publons </li> <li> QOAM (Quality Open Access Market) </li> <li> ReadCube </li> <li> Semantic Scholar </li> <li> Sherpa/RoMEO </li> <li> Summon (ProQuest) </li> <li> TDNet </li> <li> Ulrich's Periodicals Directory/ulrichsweb </li> <li> WanFang Data </li> <li> Web of Science - Emerging Sources Citation Index </li> <li> WorldCat (OCLC) </li> </ul>

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics ist in den folgenden Services indiziert: <ul> <li> Arianta </li> <li> Astrophysics Data System (ADS) </li> <li> Baidu Scholar </li> <li> BazTech </li> <li> CNKI Scholar (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) </li> <li> CNPIEC - cnpLINKer </li> <li> Dimensions </li> <li> DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals) </li> <li> EBSCO (relevant databases) </li> <li> EBSCO Discovery Service </li> <li> Engineering Village </li> <li> Genamics JournalSeek </li> <li> GeoArchive </li> <li> GeoRef </li> <li> GoOA </li> <li> Google Scholar </li> <li> Index Copernicus </li> <li> Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) </li> <li> J-Gate </li> <li> JournalTOCs </li> <li> KESLI-NDSL (Korean National Discovery for Science Leaders) </li> <li> Microsoft Academic </li> <li> MyScienceWork </li> <li> Naver Academic </li> <li> Naviga (Softweco) </li> <li> POL-index </li> <li> Primo Central (ExLibris) </li> <li> Publons </li> <li> QOAM (Quality Open Access Market) </li> <li> ReadCube </li> <li> Semantic Scholar </li> <li> Sherpa/RoMEO </li> <li> Summon (ProQuest) </li> <li> TDNet </li> <li> Ulrich's Periodicals Directory/ulrichsweb </li> <li> WanFang Data </li> <li> Web of Science - Emerging Sources Citation Index </li> <li> WorldCat (OCLC) </li> </ul>

Editor-in-Chief Ryszard Szpunar Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:ryszard.szpunar@pw.edu.pl">ryszard.szpunar@pw.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5682-2105">0000-0002-5682-2105</A> Deputy/ Managing Editor Dominik Próchniewicz Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:dominik.prochniewicz@pw.edu.pl">dominik.prochniewicz@pw.edu.pl</A> , phone: +48 22 234 7294, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4840-3709">0000-0003-4840-3709</A> Editorial Advisory Board Jānis Balodis University of Latvia, Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformatics, Latvia E-mail: <A href="mailto:Janis.balodis@lu.lv">Janis.balodis@lu.lv</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=54890183800">54890183800</A> Aleksander Brzeziński Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:aleksander.brzezinski@pw.edu.pl">aleksander.brzezinski@pw.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0553-8913">0000-0002-0553-8913</A> Stefan Cacoń Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformatics, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:stefan.cacon@upwr.edu.pl%20">stefan.cacon@upwr.edu.pl</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6506294512">6506294512</A> Alessandro Caporali University of Padova, Department of Geosciences, Italy E-mail: <A href="mailto:alessandro.caporali@unipd.it">alessandro.caporali@unipd.it</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6603715976">6603715976</A> Raffaella Cefalo University of Trieste, Department of Engineering and Architecture, Italy E-mail: <A href="mailto:cefalo@dia.units.it">cefalo@dia.units.it</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5369-9618">0000-0001-5369-9618</A> Dariusz Gotlib Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:dariusz.gotlib@pw.edu.pl">dariusz.gotlib@pw.edu.pl</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=55604936800">55604936800</A> Ján Heftý STU in Bratislava, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Slovakia E-mail: <A href="mailto:jan.hefty@stuba.sk">jan.hefty@stuba.sk</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6602551976">6602551976</A> Francis Harvey Universitat Leipzig, Leibniz Institute for Regional Geography, Germany E-mail: <A href="mailto:F_Harvey@ifl-leipzig.de">F_Harvey@ifl-leipzig.de</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=12782418300">12782418300</A> Alojz Kopáčik STU in Bratislava, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Slovakia E-mail: <A href="mailto:alojz.kopacik@stuba.sk">alojz.kopacik@stuba.sk</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=55311805500">55311805500</A> Jacek Kudrys AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:jkudrys@agh.edu.pl">jkudrys@agh.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4986-7436">0000-0002-4986-7436</A> Jaakko Makinen Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Department of Geodesy and Geodynamics, Finland E-mail: <A href="mailto:jaakko.makinen@nls.fi">jaakko.makinen@nls.fi</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7101884697">7101884697</A> Frank Neitzel Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science, Germany E-mail: <A href="mailto:frank.neitzel@tu-berlin.de">frank.neitzel@tu-berlin.de</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6505957129">6505957129</A> Katarzyna Osińska - Skotak Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:Katarzyna.Osinska-Skotak@pw.edu.pl">Katarzyna.Osinska-Skotak@pw.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2602-4281">0000-0003-2602-4281</A> Markku Poutanen Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Department of Geodesy and Geodynamics, Finland E-mail: <A href="mailto:markku.poutanen@nls.fi">markku.poutanen@nls.fi</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7005646817">7005646817</A> Witold Prószyński Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:witold.proszynski@pw.edu.pl">witold.proszynski@pw.edu.pl</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6507378373">6507378373</A> Harald Schuh GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Department of Geodesy and Remote Sensing, Germany E-mail: <A href="mailto:harald.schuh@gfz-potsdam.de">harald.schuh@gfz-potsdam.de</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7004210914">7004210914</A> Jaroslav Šimek Geodetic Observatory Pency, Department of Geodesy and Geodynamics, Czech Republic E-mail: <A href="mailto:jaroslav.simek@pecny.cz">jaroslav.simek@pecny.cz</A>, Scopus Author ID:<A href="https://www.scpus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=33968187100">33968187100</A> Lars E. Sjöberg KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Division of Geodesy and Satellite Positioning, Sweden E-mail: <A href="mailto:lsjo@kth.se">lsjo@kth.se</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7101628201">7101628201</A> Janusz Śledziński Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:janusz.sledzinski@pw.edu.pl">janusz.sledzinski@pw.edu.pl</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6507572025">6507572025</A> Melania Susi European Commission, Joint Research Center, Italy E-mail: <A href="mailto:Melania.susi@ec.europa.eu">Melania.susi@ec.europa.eu</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=39262619000">39262619000</A> Kornyliy Trietiak Lviv Polytechnic National University, Institute of Geodesy, Ukraine E-mail: <A href="mailto:kornel@lp.edu.ua">kornel@lp.edu.ua</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5158-8188">0000-0002-5158-8188</A> Luis Garcia-Asenjo Villamayor Universitat Politècnica de València, Department of Cartographic Engineering, Geodesy and Photogrammetry, Spain E-mail: <A href="mailto:lugarcia@cgf.upv.es">lugarcia@cgf.upv.es</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=23468898800">23468898800</A> Yan Ming Wang National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geodetic Survey, United States E-mail: <A href="mailto:Yan.Wang@noaa.gov">Yan.Wang@noaa.gov</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=16423869700">16423869700</A> Paweł Wielgosz University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Geodesy, Geospatial and Civil Engineering, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:pawel.wielgosz@uwm.edu.pl">pawel.wielgosz@uwm.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5542-1481">0000-0002-5542-1481</A> Associate Editors Geodesy / Geosciences Joanna Kuczyńska-Siehień University of Calgary, Department of Geomatics Engineering, Canada E-mail: <A href="mailto:kuczynska.joanna@gmail.com">kuczynska.joanna@gmail.com</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7444-4753">0000-0001-7444-4753</A> Marcin Ligas AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:ligas@agh.edu.pl">ligas@agh.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0970-128X">0000-0002-0970-128X</A> Karina Wilgan, ETH Zürich, Departmet of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, Switzerland E-mail: <A href="mailto:kwilgan@ethz.ch">kwilgan@ethz.ch</A>, ResearcherID: <A href="http://www.researcherid.com/rid/Q-9493-2016">Q-9493-2016</A> Applied Geodesy Lukasz K Bonenberg, University of Nottingham, Nottingham Geospatial Institute, United Kingdom E-mail: <A href="mailto:Lukasz.Bonenberg@nottingham.ac.uk">Lukasz.Bonenberg@nottingham.ac.uk</A>, <A href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=sVGuVecAAAAJ&hl=pl">Google Scholar</A> Rafał Kocierz AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:kocierz@agh.edu.pl">kocierz@agh.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9443-8091">0000-0002-9443-8091</A> Geoinformatics Paweł Kowalski Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:pawel.kowalski@pw.edu.pl">pawel.kowalski@pw.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9503">0000-0003-4228-9503</A> Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Patryk Kot Liverpool John Moores University, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, United Kingdom E-mail: <A href="mailto:p.kot@ljmu.ac.uk">p.kot@ljmu.ac.uk</A>, Scopus Author ID: <A href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57189039577">57189039577</A> Sebastian Różycki Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:sebastian.rozycki@pw.edu.pl">sebastian.rozycki@pw.edu.pl</A>, <A href="https://scholar.google.pl/citations?user=GXHfgAgAAAAJ&hl=en">Google Scholar</A> Technical Editors Joanna Kożuchowska Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland E-mail: <A href="mailto:joanna.kozuchowska.gik@pw.edu.pl">joanna.kozuchowska.gik@pw.edu.pl</A>, ORCID: <A href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2488-8588">0000-0003-2488-8588</A> Contact Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Pl. Politechniki 1 00-661 Warsaw Poland Website: <A href="http://www.rgg.edu.pl/">www.rgg.edu.pl</A> E-mail: <A href="mailto:reports.geodesy@gmail.com">reports.geodesy@gmail.com</A> Publisher De Gruyter Poland Bogumiła Zuga 32A Str. 01-811 Warsaw, Poland T: +48 22 701 50 15

Please submit your manuscripts to Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics via website: <A href="http://www.rgg.edu.pl/">www.rgg.edu.pl</A> <DIV align=justify> </DIV> Open Access License This journal provides immediate open access to its content under the <A href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons BY NC ND 4.0 license</A>. Authors who publish with this journal retain all copyrights and agree to the terms of the above-mentioned CC BY NC ND 4.0 license. Open Access Statement The journal is an Open Access journal that allows a free unlimited access to all its contents without any restrictions upon publication to all users. <DIV></DIV>

<DIV align=left> Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics (formerly Reports on Geodesy) is recognized as a semi-annual scientific journal that has appeared since 1991. The volumes of this journal had been prepared and edited by the staff of the Institute of Geodesy and Geodetic Astronomy until 2008 and then during the reorganization of the Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography between years 2008-2011 the volumes were edited and printed by the scientists of the Department of Geodesy and Geodetic Astronomy of Warsaw University of Technology (WUT). Since 2012 the journal has been edited by the scientific staff of the Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography of WUT. Each paper submitted for publishing in Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics is peer-reviewed. The list of our revisers contains more than 200 scientists both from Poland as well as from other countries. Our revisers are recognized specialists from different branches of geodesy and cartography. In some issues of Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics there are presented contents of papers announced at international conferences and such volumes may be recognized as the proceedings from these scientific meetings. All papers published in Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics are available in an open access formula. All of them have been also distributed among over 110 libraries in Poland as well as foreign institutions and are considered to be very well acknowledged by the international geodetic community. Peer-review. The journal uses single-blind peer review (the authors do not know the reviewers) to avoid bias. See more information &lt;<A href="https://www.rgg.edu.pl/index.php/RGG/navigationMenu/view/reviewers">Peer Review</A>&gt;. Journal policies. The journal provides its’ policies, which include detailed information about submission, editorial and publishing processes and guidelines for authors and reviewers. All parties are being introduced to their rights and responsibilities to ensure smooth and ethical publishing process. See more information &lt;<A href="https://www.rgg.edu.pl/index.php/RGG/navigationMenu/view/journalpolicies">Journal Policies</A>&gt; Fees and Charges. The journal operates as open access journal, the process is completely free of charges to both authors and readers. All publication fees are covered by Warsaw University of Technology.　 Publication schedule. The journal is semi-annual (2 Issues per year in June and December). All articles are published online under CC BY-NC-ND licence 4.0 within four weeks after acceptance as a continuous publication (Online first) to avoid any delays.　 Copyright. Individual articles are published Open Access under the Creative Commons Licence: <A href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">CC BY-NC-ND 4.0</A>, which permits non-commercial use, distribute, display and perform only original copies of the work in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Authors retain copyright in their articles, but grant RGG the right of the first publication. The journal is copyright RGG © Warsaw University of Technology (WUT), all rights reserved. Aims and Scope Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics in keeping with tradition, is intent on presenting the whole of technological and scientific progress taking place in modern geodesy and cartography, where research and implementation of geoinformatic character play an exceptionally important role in accelerating the development of our discipline. It is for this reason that we have decided to expand the journal’s formula so as to encourage a broader group of scientists and specialists in the realms of geodesy, computer science, cartography, photogrammetry, remote sensing, geography, geology, and related sciences who are developing new methods and technologies of geovisualization and are involved in the modeling of space applying GIS technology to collaborate with us. At the same time, the journal’s profile shall maintain the importance of other theoretical, industrial, and development research in the areas of theoretical geodesy, geodetic astronomy, navigation, and studies on displacements and the classic problems facing geodesic surveying. Journal Policies The journal provides its’ policies, which include detailed information about submission, editorial and publishing processes and guidelines for authors and reviewers. All parties are being introduced with their rights and responsibilities to ensure smooth and ethical publishing process. Visit following subsections for more details on each policy: <UL> <LI><A href="https://www.rgg.edu.pl/index.php/RGG/navigationMenu/view/Ethics">Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement</A> </LI> <LI><A href="https://www.rgg.edu.pl/index.php/RGG/navigationMenu/view/openaccess">Open Access</A> </LI> <LI><A href="https://www.rgg.edu.pl/index.php/RGG/navigationMenu/view/privacy">Privacy Statement</A> </LI> </UL> Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics (formerly Reports on Geodesy) in keeping with tradition, is intent on presenting the whole of technological and scientific progress taking place in modern geodesy and cartography, where research and implementation of geoinformatic character play an exceptionally important role in accelerating the development of our discipline. It is for this reason that we have decided to expand the journal's formula so as to encourage a broader group of scientists and specialists in the realms of geodesy, computer science, cartography, photogrammetry, remote sensing, geography, geology, and related sciences who are developing new methods and technologies of geovisualization and are involved in the modeling of space applying GIS technology to collaborate with us. At the same time, the journal's profile shall maintain the importance of other theoretical, industrial, and development research in the areas of theoretical geodesy, geodetic astronomy, navigation, and studies on displacements and the classic problems facing geodesic surveying. Internet access to complete articles in an "open access" formula will significantly facilitate use by those who are interested as well as expand the circle of readers. Archiving Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in <A href="https://www.portico.org/">Portico</A> - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections. Plagiarism Policy The editorial board is participating in a growing community of <A href="https://www.crossref.org/services/similarity-check/">Similarity Check System's</A> users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. </DIV>

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Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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Volumen 110 (2020): Edición 1 (December 2020)

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