<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Sinter hardening is a technique that is frequently employed in powder metallurgy parts production since it is an economical, clean, and environmentally friendly procedure. Since the cooling rates are however significantly lower than e.g. in water or oil quenching, alloy systems have to be used that ensure martensite formation already at moderate cooling rates. In the present study, quenching dilatometry was used to investigate the hardenability of two types of Cr pre-alloyed steels, Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo and Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo, the carbon content being varied, and sinter hardening diagrams were plotted. It showed that this parameter has a pronounced influence on the hardenability of the 3 % Cr alloy; in particular in the range 0.3…0.4 % combined C. For the lower alloyed system, in contrast, even 0.52 % combined C was insufficient to ensure martensite formation at the cooling rates typical for industrial sinter hardening. Finally, impact test specimens were prepared by sinter hardening at cooling rates typical for industry, and hardness, as well as impact energy, were determined.
</abstract>

Sinter Hardening of Cr-Mo Pre-Alloyed Steels as a Function of the Carbon Content

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Transparent europium niobate EuNbO4 (ENOF) thin film (~100 nm) was prepared by sol-gel/spin-coating process on alumina substrates with PbZrO3 (PZ) interlayer and annealing at 1000°C. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses verified the formation of the monoclinic M-EuNbO4 and tetragonal T-EuNb5O14 phases in ENO precursor and ENOF film. The surface morphology of powder precursor and microstructure of film were investigated by SEM analyses. Surface chemistry was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XPS demonstrated two valence states of Eu (Eu3+/Eu2+) in powder precursor as nanophosphor for lighting and display technologies. Eu concentration (at. %) decreases from 10 % in the precursor to 2 % in the film considering the substrate contains C, Al, Si, Pb, and Zr elements (40 %) at Nb (6 %) and O (52 %). The single valence state of Eu3+ was confirmed in ENO film designed for the application in environmental electrolytic thin-film devices.
</abstract>

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Europium Niobate Thin Film Prepared by Chemical Solution Deposition

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Volume 20 (2020): Issue 2 (December 2020)

Sinter Hardening of Cr-Mo Pre-Alloyed Steels as a Function of the Carbon Content

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Europium Niobate Thin Film Prepared by Chemical Solution Deposition

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