Mullet (Mugil liza); Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) | BFT in integrated cultivation | Modified bacterial nitrification; reduced total suspended solids | Enhanced growth of mullet, but impaired shrimp’s growth | (Holanda et al. 2020) |
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) | Jaggery-based BFT | Enhanced bacterial assimilation and nitrification; boosted ammonia immobilization | Improved growth and survival; higher immunity to A. hydrophila infection; greater antioxidant capacity | (Elayaraja et al. 2020) |
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) | Biochar-based BFT | Reduced total suspended solids; active heterotrophic bacterial assimilation and nitrification; enhanced levels of NO–3 and total nitrogen | No remarkable negative effects of biochar on growth and physiological performance. | (Abakari et al. 2020b) |
Genetically improved Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) | FRP tank culture with isolated probiotic bacteria from BFT | Enrichment of probiotic Bacillus infantis, B. subtilis, Exiguobacterium profundum and B. megaterium | Enhanced growth and survival; improved immunological parameters | (Menaga et al. 2020) |
Te Amur minnow (Rhynchocypris lagowski) | BFT with differential protein | No significant change in temperature, total ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and NO2-N; reduced pH and dissolved oxygen | Enhanced growth; boosted immune response and digestive enzymes activity; higher expression of antioxidant-related genes | (Yu et al. 2020) |
Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) | Wheat four-based zero-water exchange BFT | Effective recovery and sustainable water quality without sodium bicarbonate; higher bacterial diversity | Affected growth performance | (Kim et al. 2020) |
Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) | Biofloc-based super intensive tank system | Low concentrations of TAN and NO–2-N (< 1.0 mg/l) at late stage; higher bacterial diversity including various nitrifying bacteria in Biofloc | Better growth performance in outdoor conditions than in indoors | (Xu et al. 2021) |
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) | Chestnut polyphenols-based BFT | No data | Improved growth performance; better survival; enhanced mucosal and serum immunity against pathogenic Streptococcus agalactiae | (Van Doan et al. 2020) |
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles | BFT with prebiotics and probiotics | Reduction of nitrite concentration | Higher rate of the specific growth, weight gain and final weight; better hematological parameters | (Laice et al. 2021) |
Indian major carps, e.g., rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), and mrigal (Cirrihinus mrigala) | BFT for polyculture | Maintenance of NH4-N, NO2-N and NO3-N in the acceptable range of water quality | Satisfactory growth performance (higher rate of specific growth) | (Deb et al. 2020) |
Juvenile of Cachama blanca (Piaractus brachypomus) | BFT | Maintenance of the all parameters of water quality in the acceptable range except NH–4 and NO–2 | Improved growth performance | (Sandoval-Vargas et al. 2020) |
Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) juveniles | Corn starch or sucrose-sugar-based BFT | Lower number of human pathogens; raised ammonia level and reduced dissolved oxygen level | Reduced growth performance and higher mortality rate | (Fischer et al. 2020) |