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GPR surveying method as a tool for geodetic verification of GESUT database of utilities in the light of BSI PAS128

Marta Gabryś
Marta Gabryś
, 
Katarzyna Kryszyn
Katarzyna Kryszyn
 y 
Łukasz Ortyl
Łukasz Ortyl
   | 25 jun 2019
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Article Category: Original Article
Publicado en línea: 25 jun 2019
Páginas: 49 - 59
Recibido: 16 abr 2019
Aceptado: 03 jun 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2019-0006
© 2019 Marta Gabryś, Katarzyna Kryszyn, Łukasz Ortyl, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Levels of accuracy of locating underground utility networks according to BSI (2014)
Levels of accuracy of locating underground utility networks according to BSI (2014)

Figure 2

Draft of the location of the research and the arrangement of the pipes
Draft of the location of the research and the arrangement of the pipes

Figure 3

Surveying systems used
Surveying systems used

Figure 4

Effects of integration of coordinates with echograms
Effects of integration of coordinates with echograms

Figure 5

Arrangement of measurement profiles on available cartographic materials
Arrangement of measurement profiles on available cartographic materials

Figure 6

Scheme of detecting the profile of utilities based on the GPR method
Scheme of detecting the profile of utilities based on the GPR method

Figure 7

Location of the baselines of the supplementary measurement relative to the hill with a 45% slope
Location of the baselines of the supplementary measurement relative to the hill with a 45% slope

Figure 8

Polarisation of the wave reflected from the R1 pipe
Polarisation of the wave reflected from the R1 pipe

Figure 9

Classified echogram of the transverse trace – profile 12. Numbers of the areas marked on the echograms correspond to: 0 – eSA1; 1 – koD300; 2 – gnD300; 3 – gs90; 4 – eSA2, eSA3, eSA4; 5 – 3eSD; 6 – unidentified on cartographic materials utility line.
Classified echogram of the transverse trace – profile 12. Numbers of the areas marked on the echograms correspond to: 0 – eSA1; 1 – koD300; 2 – gnD300; 3 – gs90; 4 – eSA2, eSA3, eSA4; 5 – 3eSD; 6 – unidentified on cartographic materials utility line.

Figure 10

Echogram of the longitudinal trace – profile 10. The marked area of the occurrence of the eSA1 power line.
Echogram of the longitudinal trace – profile 10. The marked area of the occurrence of the eSA1 power line.

Figure 11

Obtained regression lines
Obtained regression lines

Figure 12

Echograms for the profile 12
Echograms for the profile 12

Figure 13

3D model created based on 2D echograms (B-scan)
3D model created based on 2D echograms (B-scan)

Figure 14

3D model with regard to georeference
3D model with regard to georeference

Figure 15

Vectorisation of the utility line axes based on the slice generated from the 3D model
Vectorisation of the utility line axes based on the slice generated from the 3D model

Classification of quality levels (source: BSI (2014))

Type of studyQLPost-processingLocation accuracyAdditional data
Horizontal1Vertical2
DDesktop utility records searchQL-D-UndefinedUndefined-
CSite reconnaissanceQL-C-UndefinedUndefinedLocation of underground utilities in relation to above-ground objects.
QL-B4NoUndefinedUndefinedA presumably existing object – it has not been detected despite the existing information.
BDetection3QL-B3No± 0.5 mUndefinedHorizontal position of the object detected using one of the applied geophysical techniques.
QL-B3PYes
QL-B2No± 0.25 m or ± 40% of detected depth±40% of ± detected depthHorizontal and vertical positions of the object detected using one of the applied geophysical techniques.4
QL-B2PYes
QL-B1No± 0.15 m or ± 15% of detected depth± 15% of detected depthHorizontal and vertical positions of the object detected by several applied geophysical techniques.5
QL-B1PYes
AVerificationQL-A-± 0.05 m± 0.025 mHorizontal and vertical positions of the upper and/or lower part of underground utilities.

Errors of fitting MNK regression lines [m]

MethodgnD300gs90eSA1eSA2eSA3eSA43eSD
GPR-MS500.150.210.170.170.110.130.12
Distance0.140.170.140.150.150.150.09

Distances of regression lines relative to cartographic materials [m]

GPR-MS50 methodgnD300gs90eSA1eSA2eSA3eSA43eSD
Min0.41-0.04-0.04-0.01-0.01-0.13-0.22
Max0.530.090.240.050.030.030.08
Mean0.470.020.100.020.01-0.05-0.06
Distance method1gnD300gs90eSA1eSA2eSA3eSA43eSD
Min0.37-0.14-0.11-0.23-0.21-0.25-0.39
Max0.460.090.16-0.11-0.11-0.16-0.10
Mean0.42-0.040.02-0.17-0.16-0.20-0.24
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