[
Alasalmi, J., & Apiainen, T. (2013). Development plan for ruka disc golf. Bachelors’ thesis, Kajaani University of Applied Sciences. ihttps://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/69493/Alasalmi_Jaakko_Apiainen_Teemu.pdf?sequence=1&is Allowed=y
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ameli, K. (2022). Where is nature? Where is nature in nature and outdoor learning in higher education? An analysis of nature-based learning in higher education using multispecies ethnography. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 24(2), 113–128. https://doi.org/10.2478/jtes-2022-0020
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Barber, N., Deale, C., & Goodman, R. (2011). Environmental sustainability in the hospitality management curriculum: Perspectives from three groups of stake-holders. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Education, 23(1), 6–17. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10963758.2011.10696994
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Celestino, T., & Pereira, A. (2012). The sport of orienteering: Performance of physically active people who partake in leisure activities but have no experience in this modality. Cultura Ciencia Deporte, 7, 45–52. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v7i19.24
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cole, D., & Wright, V. (2004). Information about wilderness visitors and recreation impacts. International Journal of Wilderness, 10(1), 27–31. https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_other/rmrs_2004_cole_d002.pdf
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Clark, J. R. (2005). Golden Gate Park Arborist Report. http://savemclarenpark.org/SMP_docs/GG_arborist_report_2005.pdf
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Cotterell, D., Hales, R., Arcodia, C., & Ferreira, J. A. (2019). Overcommitted to tourism and under committed to sustainability: The urgency of teaching “strong sustain-ability” in tourism courses. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(7), 882–902. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2018.1545777
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Gutzwiller, K. J., D’Antonio, A. L., & Monz, C. A. (2017). Wildland recreation disturbance: Broad-scale spatial analysis and management. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 15(9), 517–524. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1631
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Haley, H. (2002). Exploring emerging recreation and its planning challenges: The case of disc golf in Calgary. Master thesis, University of Calgary. http://dx.doi.org/10.11575/PRISM/14663
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Hurt, E., Karoles, K., Maran, K., Sepp, K., & Vendla, V. (2009). Koormustaluvuse hindamise metoodika kaitsealadel seoses nende rekreatiivsete kasutamisega [The methodology for assessing carrying capacity in protected areas in relation to recreational use]. Eesti Maa¸likool. https://www.vvvs.ee/failid4/Koormustaluvuse%20METOODIKA.pdf
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ingver, A. (2016). Discgolfi mıju keskkonnale. Discgolfi pargi sobivus maastikku Pıltsamaa näitel [Disc golf impact on the environment. Disc golf course suitability in the environment on the example of Pıltsamaa city] Master thesis. https://discgolfiliit.ee/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Argo_Ingver_Magistrit%c3%b6%c3%b6_Discgolfi_m%c3%b5jud_keskkonnale_elektrooniline.pdf
]Search in Google Scholar
[
International Orienteering Federation. (2015). IOF trail orienteering competition rules 2014. https://www.orientacnisporty.cz/upload/dokumenty/trail-o/ioftrail-orules2014_20141116115409.pdf
]Search in Google Scholar
[
James, V. U. (Ed.). (2018). Capacity building for sustainable development. CAB International.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kajala, L., Almik, A., Dahl, R., Dikšaitė, L., Erkkonen, J., Fredman, P., Jensen, F. Søndergaard, Karoles, K., Sievänen, T., Skov-Petersen, H., Vistad, O. I., & Wallsten, P. (2007). Visitor monitoring in nature areas – A manual based on experiences from the Nordic and Baltic countries. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Karjus, J. (2015). Pirital suletakse populaarne discgolfi rada [The disc golf course is closed in Pirita]. https://www.postimees.ee/3308271/pirital-suletakse-populaarne-disc-golfi-rada
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kask, R. (2017). Discgolf Nımmel – kas säilitada vıi likvideerida? [Disc golf in Nõmme – To maintain or close]. https://www.postimees.ee/4088507/discgolf-nommel-kassailitada-voi-likvideerida
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Kim, J. H., & Jeong, M. (2018). Research on hospitality and tourism education: Now and future. Tourism Management Perspectives, 25, 119–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.11.025
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Lackey, Q. N., Tysor, D. A., McNay, D. G., Joyner, L., Baker, K. H., & Hodge, C. (2019). Mental health benefits of nature-based recreation: A systematic review. Annals of Leisure Research, 21(5). https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2019.1655459
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Leung, Y. F., Spenceley, A., Hvenegaard, G., Buckley, R., & Groves, C. (2018). Tourism and visitor management in protected areas: Guidelines for sustainability. IUCN. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PAG.27.en
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Leung, Y. F. (2013). Resource condition assessment and monitoring of disc golf courses. Manual of procedures. Parks, recreation and tourism management. Raleigh.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Leung, Y. F., Walden-Schreiner, C., Matisoff, C., Naber, M., & Robinson, J. (2013). A two-pronged approach to evaluating environmental concerns of disc golf as emerging recreation in urban natural areas. Managing Leisure, 18(4), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/13606719.2013.809181
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Mansfield, L. (2021). Leisure and health – Critical commentary. Annals of Leisure Research, 24(3), 283–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/11745398.2020.1767664
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Marion, J. L., Leung, Y. F., Eagleston, H., & Burroughs, K. (2016). A review and synthesis of recreation ecology research findings on visitor impacts to wilderness and protected natural areas. Journal of Forestry, 114(3), 352–362. https://doi.org/10.5849/jof.15-498
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Marzano, M., & Dandy, N. (2012). Recreational use of forests and disturbance of wildlife. A literature review. Forestry Commission. https://cdn.forestresearch.gov.uk/2012/07/fcrp020.pdf
]Search in Google Scholar
[
McCullough, B. P., Bergsgrad, N. A., Collins, A., Muhar, A., & Tyrväinen, L. (2018). The impact of sport and outdoor recreation (Friluftsliv) on the natural environment. MISTRA. https://www.mistra.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Sport-and-outdoor-recreation-background-paper-2018-1.pdf
]Search in Google Scholar
[
McGinlay, J., Gkoumas, V., Holtvoeth, J., Fuertes, R. F. A., Bazhenova, E., Benzoni, A., Botsch, K., Martel, C. C., Sánchez, C. C., Cervera, I., Chaminade, G., Doerstel, J., García, CJ. F., Jones, A., Lammertz, M., Lotman, K., Odar, M., Pastor, T., Ritchie, C., Ö & Jones, N. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on the management of European protected areas and policy implications. Forests, 11, 1214. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111214
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Monz, C. A., Pickering, K. M., & Hadwen, W. L. (2013). Recent advances in recreation ecology and the implications of different relationships between recreation use and ecological impacts. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 11(8), 441–446. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43187657
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Newsome, D., Moore, S. A., & Dowling, R. K. (2013). Natural area tourism. Ecology, impacts and management (2nd ed). Channel View Publications.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Ojasaar, R. (2018). Likvideeritavale Nımme discgolfirajale leiti uus asukoht, lisaks täispikale rajale luuakse ka algajatele rada [New location fount to the Nımme disc golf course under closure, next to the full course a beginner’s course will be created]. Delfi Sport. https://sport.delfi.ee/news/varia/muu/likvideeritavale-nommediscgolfirajale-leiti-uus-asukoht-lisaks-taispikale-rajale-luuakse-ka-algajaterada?id=83876889
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Oldakowski R., Mcewen, J. W. (2013). Diffusion of disc golf in the United States. Geographical Review, 103(3), 355–371. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2013.00003.x
]Search in Google Scholar
[
PDGA (n.d. – a). PDGA world rankings. https://www.pdga.com/players/rankings/world
]Search in Google Scholar
[
PDGA (n.d. – b.). A guide to disc golf from the PDGA. https://www.pdga.com/introduction
]Search in Google Scholar
[
PDGA (n.d. – c). Disc golf course design elements. https://www.pdga.com/course-development/design-elements
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pigram, J. J., & Jenkins, J. M. (2006). Outdoor recreation management (2nd ed). Routledge.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pipere, A. (2019). Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability after the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development: Exploring for the future. Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 21(1), 5–34. https://doi.org/10.2478/jtes-2019-0002
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Roose, A., Sepp, K., Vendla, V., Villoslada, M., Semm, M., Järv, H., Raet, J., Hurt, E., & Veersalu, T. (2011). Kaitsealade k¸lastuskoormuse hindamise juhend: Seiremeetodite arendamine ja rakendamine [The guide for assessing visitor carrying capacity in protected areas: Developing and implementing monitoring methods]. SA Keskkonnainvesteeringute Keskus.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Pousson, J. M., & Myers, K. A. (2018). Ignatian pedagogy as a frame for universal design in college: Meeting learning needs of Generation Z. Education Sciences, 8(4), 193, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci8040193
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Roosna, M. (2018). Miks ¸lipopulaarne disc golf Tallinnasse ära ei mahu? Ka Nımme park suletakse [Why the extra popular disc golf does not fit in Tallinn? The Nımme park will also be closed]. Delfi Sport. https://sport.delfi.ee/news/varia/muu/miksulipopulaarne-disc-golf-tallinnasse-ara-ei-mahu-ka-nomme-park-suletakse?id=83588197
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Roosna, M. (2019). See sıda on läinud ajuvabalt koledaks. Nad teevad kıik, et meie spordiala sealt kaoks [This war has become senselessly ugly. They do all to exterminate our sport from there]. Delfi Sport. https://sport.delfi.ee/news/varia/muu/see-soda-on-lainud-ajuvabalt-koledaks-nad-teevad-koik-et-meie-spordiala-sealt-kaoks?id=85113579
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Rotmeister, R. (2019). Eesti on maailmas 3-s discgolfi riik! [Estonia is the third Discgolf country in the World!] EDGL. http://discgolfiliit.ee/eesti-on-maailmas-3-s-discgolfiriik/
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Schirpke, U., Scolozzi, R., Da Re, R., Masiero, M., Pellegrino, D., & Marino, D. (2018). Recreational ecosystem services in protected areas: A survey of visitors to Natura 2000 sites in Italy. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 21, 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2018.01.003
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Shafiee, S., Hasanzadeh, A., Rajabzadeh Ghatari, A., & Jahanyan, S. (2019). Developing a model for sustainable smart tourism destinations: A systematic review. Tourism Management Perspectives, 31, 287–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.06.002
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Sinclair, M., Mayer, M., Woltering, M., & Ghermandi, A. (2020). Using social media to estimate visitor provenance and patterns of recreation in Germany’s national parks. Journal of Environmental Management, 263, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110418
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Siniscalchi, J. M. (2004). The personal and community benefits of disc golf to rural America (and beyond). Master thesis. West Virginia University. https://www.pdga.com/files/documents/BenefitsOfDiscGolf-Siniscalchi.pdf
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Thomsen, J. M., Powell, R. B., & Monz, C. (2018). A systematic review of the physical and mental health benefits of wildland recreation. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 36, 123–148. https://doi.org/10.18666/JPRA-2018-V36-I1-8095
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Tuononen, T., Parpala, A., & Lindblom-Ylänne, S. (2019). Graduates’ evaluations of usefulness of university education, and early career success – A longitudinal study of the transition to working life. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 44, 581–595. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2018.1524000
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Trendafilova, S. A., & Waller, S. N. (2011). Assessing the ecological impact due to disc golf. International Journal of Sport Management, Recreation & Tourism, 8, 35–64. https://doi.org/10.5199/ijsmart-1791-874X-8c
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Tyrväinen, L., Uusitalo, M., Silvennoinen, H., & Hasu, E. (2014). Towards sustainable growth in nature-based tourism destinations: Clients’ views of land use options in Finnish Lapland. Landscape and Urban Planning, 122, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.10.003
]Search in Google Scholar
[
WEB (n.d. – a). Discgolfi Rajad. Kilingi-Nımme discgolfi park [Disc golf courses. Kilingi-Nımme disc golf park]. https://www.discgolfirajad.ee/park/kilingi-nomme-discgolfipark/
]Search in Google Scholar
[
WEB (n.d. – b). Discgolfi Rajad. Jıulumäe discgolfi park (Kollane) [Disc golf courses. Jıulumäe disc golf park (Yellow)]. https://www.discgolfirajad.ee/park/joulumaediscgolfi-park-kollane/
]Search in Google Scholar
[
WEB (n.d. – c). Discgolfi Rajad. Jıulumäe discgolfi park (Punane) [Disc golf courses. Jõulumäe disc golf park (Red)]. https://www.discgolfirajad.ee/park/joulumaediscgolfi-park-punane/
]Search in Google Scholar
[
WEB (n.d. – d). Discgolfi Rajad. Jıulumäe discgolfi park (Sinine) [Disc golf courses. Jõulumäe disc golf park (Blue)]. https://www.discgolfirajad.ee/park/joulumaediscgolfi-park-sinine/
]Search in Google Scholar
[
WEB (n.d. – e). (2020). Disc golf metrix. Top 100 players. https://discgolfmetrix.com/?u=mystat
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Vedru, J. (2018). Disc golfi rıımud ja mured – populaarne ala pahandab loodusesıpru [The joys and worries of disc golf parks. The popular sports annoy nature-lovers]. ERR Sport. https://sport.err.ee/876362/discgolfi-roomud-ja-mured-populaarne-alapahandab-loodusesopru
]Search in Google Scholar
[
West, C. D. (2010). Connection to nature in park visitors: A look at structured and unstructured recreational activities. Master thesis. University of Nebraska at Lincoln. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1004&context=natresdiss
]Search in Google Scholar
[
WFDF. (2020). WFDF world rankings. https://wfdf.sport/2019/10/wfdf-releases-updated-disc-golf-world-rankings/
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Willibald, F., van Strien, M. J., Blanco, V., & Gret-Regamey, A. (2019). Predicting outdoor recreation demand on a national scale – The case of Switzerland. Applied Geography, 113, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2019.102111
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Winter, P., Selin, S., Cerveny, L., & Bricker, K. (2020). Outdoor recreation, nature-based tourism, and sustainability. Sustainability, 12(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12010081
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Woods, J., Cossman, J. S., & Wolf, J. K. (2020). Disparities in disc golf course distribution in the United States. Managing Sport and Leisure. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1856711
]Search in Google Scholar
[
World Health Organization. (2018). Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: More active people for a healthier world. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272722/9789241514187-eng.pdf?ua=1
]Search in Google Scholar
[
Yska, R. (Ed.). (1997). Management of the environmental effects associated with the tourism sector. Office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment.
]Search in Google Scholar