Toxic Effects of the Trap Crop Solanum sisymbriifolium on the Hatch and Viability of Globodera pallida
, y | 08 ago 2024
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Article Category: Research Paper
Publicado en línea: 08 ago 2024
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Recibido: 20 feb 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2024-0027
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© 2024 Lindsay Schulz et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Percent inhibition of G. pallida viability. PRD control compared with S. sisymbriifolium extracts made from 8-wk-old plant tissues extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, or 1-butanol when dissolved in potato root diffusate (PRD) at no dilution or at dilutions of 1:2.5, 1:5, or 1:10.
| Stem/leaf | Hexane | 28.5b | 33.1b | 12.0b | 6.8a |
| Dichloromethane | 5.9a | 2.9a | 2.4a | −1.5a | |
| Ethyl acetate | 12.5a | 3.8a | 5.6a | 3.3a | |
| 1-Butanol | 33.4b | 33.1b | 35.7b | 1.9a | |
| Root | Hexane | 9.9ac | 0.3a | 5.1a | −5.1a |
| Dichloromethane | 7.1a | 2.9a | 2.9a | −0.7a | |
| Ethyl acetate | 8.8a | 3.5a | 3.5a | −0.3a | |
| 1-Butanol | 9.9a | 7.2a | 6.7ab | 1.5a | |
| PRD | PRD | 0.0a | 0.0a | 0.0a | 0.0a |
| BSD | BSD | 5.1a | −3.6a | 6.4a | −1.6a |
Solamargine concentration (mg/liter) found in extracts made from 8-wk-old S. sisymbriifolium roots or stem/leaves.
| Stem/leaf | Hexane | 28.7 ± 0.2 |
| Dichloromethane | 32.9 ± 0.2 | |
| Ethyl acetate | 3.4 ± 0.01 | |
| 1-Butanol | 116.9 ± 0.8 | |
| Root | Hexane | 3.7 ± 0.01 |
| Dichloromethane | 4.7 ± 0.02 | |
| Ethyl acetate | 2.7 ± 0.002 | |
| 1-Butanol | 20.4 ± 0.1 |
Effect of S. sisymbriifolium extracts made from 8-wk-old plant tissues extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, or 1-butanol when dissolved in potato root diffusate (PRD) at no dilution or at dilutions of 1:2.5, 1:5, or 1:10 on the hatch of G. pallida.
| Stem/leaf | Hexane | 39.1 ± 6.3bd | 35.0 ± 7.5bc | 40.4 ± 6.2c | 63.8 ± 4.9a |
| Dichloromethane | 64.9 ± 5.6a | 68.8 ± 5.2a | 60.3 ± 7.4a | 62.9 ± 8.2a | |
| Ethyl acetate | 66.2 ± 6.2a | 59.9 ± 6.9a | 64.6 ± 5.6a | 67.4 ± 6.0a | |
| 1-Butanol | 24.5 ± 5.7bc | 39.1 ± 5.0c | 44.8 ± 5.2bc | 65.0 ± 6.4a | |
| Root | Hexane | 69.0 ± 4.5a | 72.1 ± 4.8a | 75.2 ± 7.2a | 76.3 ± 5.4a |
| Dichloromethane | 53.1 ± 4.9ad | 62.4 ± 5.4a | 65.3 ± 5.0ab | 70.5 ± 6.4a | |
| Ethyl acetate | 66.9 ± 4.7a | 67.4 ± 5.6a | 71.8 ± 5.1a | 74.6 ± 4.6a | |
| 1-Butanol | 76.0 ± 6.4a | 82.4 ± 3.4a | 66.5 ± 3.8a | 81.5 ± 2.6a | |
| PRD | PRD | 72.6 ± 5.0a | 66.9 ± 5.4a | 63.5 ± 4.8a | 79.8 ± 3.7a |
| BSD | BSD | 12.1 ± 2.5c | 9.8 ± 3.4b | 8.6 ± 2.3d | 12.6 ± 2.8b |
Effect of S. sisymbriifolium extracts made from 8-wk-old plant tissues extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, or 1-butanol when dissolved in potato root diffusate (PRD) at no dilution or at dilutions of 1:2.5, 1:5, or 1:10 on the viability of G. pallida.
| Stem/leaf | Hexane | 66.7 ± 3.0b | 58.3 ± 3.9b | 76.1 ± 4.3b | 83.4 ± 2.9a |
| Dichloromethane | 87.8 ± 2.5a | 84.7 ± 2.6a | 92.8 ± 1.1a | 90.9 ± 1.6a | |
| Ethyl acetate | 81.6 ± 4.0a | 83.9 ± 2.8a | 89.8 ± 2.3a | 86.6 ± 2.6a | |
| 1-Butanol | 62.1 ± 5.6b | 58.3 ± 3.9b | 61.2 ± 5.4b | 87.9 ± 1.9a | |
| Root | Hexane | 84.0 ± 3.0ac | 86.9 ± 2.3a | 90.3 ± 1.6a | 94.1 ± 0.9a |
| Dichloromethane | 86.6 ± 2.7a | 84.7 ± 2.3a | 92.3 ± 1.2a | 90.2 ± 1.1a | |
| Ethyl acetate | 85.1 ± 2.9a | 84.1 ± 2.4a | 91.7 ± 1.8a | 89.8 ± 1.6a | |
| 1-Butanol | 84.0 ± 2.5a | 80.9 ± 3.0a | 88.7 ± 2.9ab | 88.2 ± 1.5a | |
| PRD | PRD | 93.3 ± 0.9a | 87.2 ± 2.2a | 95.1 ± 0.8a | 89.5 ± 1.6a |
| BSD | BSD | 88.5 ± 1.7a | 90.3 ± 1.2a | 89.1 ± 1.4a | 90.9 ± 1.8a |
Percentage inhibition of G. pallida hatch. PRD control compared with S. sisymbriifolium extracts made from 8-wk-old plant tissues extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, or 1-butanol when dissolved in potato root diffusate (PRD) at no dilution or at dilutions of 1:2.5, 1:5, or 1:10.
| Stem/leaf | Hexane | 49.5bd | 47.3bc | 46.6c | 20.1a |
| Dichloromethane | 16.0a | −18.5a | 13.6a | 21.2a | |
| Ethyl acetate | 14.4a | 6.4a | 14.5a | 15.6a | |
| 1-Butanol | 68.3bc | 43.0c | 40.7bc | 18.5a | |
| Root | Hexane | 10.7a | −8.3a | 0.6a | 4.4a |
| Dichloromethane | 21.9ad | −3.3a | 13.7ab | 11.7a | |
| Ethyl acetate | 8.5a | −1.3a | −2.7a | 6.6a | |
| 1-Butanol | 1.7a | −23.8a | 5.0a | −2.1a | |
| PRD | PRD | 0.0a | 0.0a | 0.0a | 0.0a |
| BSD | BSD | 85.4c | 85.2b | 89.9d | 84.2b |