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Figure 1
(A) Galled kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) root sample received from Hardee County, Florida; (B) a root-knot nematode female inside the kratom root sample.
Figure 2
(A) Two mitochondrial DNA regions span the intergenic spacer and part of the adjacent large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (lrDNA) amplified by TRNAH/MHR106 (Lanes 2 and 4, 557-bp) and MORF/MTHIS (Lanes 3 and 5, 742-bp) primer sets for sample 1 (S1) and sample 2 (S2); (B) amplified products using M. incognita-specific (MIF/MIR) (Lanes 2 and 4) and M. javanica-specific (Fjav/Rjav) (Lanes 3 and 5) primers. Only MIF/MIR primers yielded an amplified product approximately 999-bp which indicates the root-knot nematode that infected kratom was M. incognita. No product was observed from Fjav/Rjav primers. Lane 1 = 1 kb DNA ladder, with the position of the 500-bp band indicated by the arrow.