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Flower bud development of almond cultivars based on three different methods

Belay Teweldemedhin Keleta
Belay Teweldemedhin Keleta
, 
László Szalay
László Szalay
, 
Márta Ladányi
Márta Ladányi
 y 
Zsuzsanna Békefi
Zsuzsanna Békefi
   | 31 dic 2023
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Article Category: ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Publicado en línea: 31 dic 2023
Páginas: 381 - 393
Recibido: 15 dic 2022
Aceptado: 17 oct 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2023-0027
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© 2023 Belay Teweldemedhin Keleta et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

Phenological stages of microsporogenesis and blooming of almond cultivars, 2019/2020. PMC, pollen mother cells.
Phenological stages of microsporogenesis and blooming of almond cultivars, 2019/2020. PMC, pollen mother cells.

Figure 2.

Phenological stages of microsporogenesis and blooming of almond accessions, 2020/2021. PMC, pollen mother cells.
Phenological stages of microsporogenesis and blooming of almond accessions, 2020/2021. PMC, pollen mother cells.

Figure 3.

Phenological stages of microsporogenesis and blooming of almond accessions, 2021/2022. PMC, pollen mother cells.
Phenological stages of microsporogenesis and blooming of almond accessions, 2021/2022. PMC, pollen mother cells.

Figure 4.

Almond accessions categorized on the basis of the rate of microsporogenesis in 2020, 2021 and 2022.
Almond accessions categorized on the basis of the rate of microsporogenesis in 2020, 2021 and 2022.

Figure 5.

Changes in pistil length of 25 almond accessions on long shoots during winter in 2019/20 (A), 2020/21 (B), and 2021/22 (C).
Changes in pistil length of 25 almond accessions on long shoots during winter in 2019/20 (A), 2020/21 (B), and 2021/22 (C).

Figure 6.

Flower bud development observation in controlled forcing conditions in 2019/20 (A), 2020/21 (B), and 2021/22 (C).
Flower bud development observation in controlled forcing conditions in 2019/20 (A), 2020/21 (B), and 2021/22 (C).

Average length of endodormancy (days) based on microsporogenesis, pistil and forcing methods for the 3 years.

Accessions Methods
Microsporogenesis Pistil Forcings
5/15 18 ± 6.66 a 21 ± 5.69 a 35 ± 11.06 a
1/7 18 ± 6.66 a 25 ± 10.59 a 35 ± 11.06 a
Eriane 18 ± 6.66 a 21 ± 5.59 a 35 ± 11.06 a
35/29 Sóskút 24 ± 6.43 ab 28 ± 16.09 a 48 ± 18.36 ab
Érdi édes 24 ± 6.43 ab 21 ± 5.69 a 48 ± 18.36 ab
Akali 57/2 28 ± 6.03 abc 25 ± 4.93 a 54 ± 20.42 ab
Korai keményhéjú 28 ± 6.03 abc 30 ± 13.58 ab 54 ± 20.42 ab
Sóskút 96/5 28 ± 6.03 abc 25 ± 4.93 a 54 ± 20.42 ab
Tétényi kedvenc 28 ± 6.03 abc 33 ± 20.31 ab 54 ± 20.42 ab
Sóskút 66/3 29 ± 8.74 abcd 29 ± 14.57 ab 59 ± 20.50 ab
Budatétényi 70 30 ± 88.54 abcd 30 ± 4.04 ab 59 ± 20.50 ab
Tétényi bőtermő 33 ± 6.03 abcde 28 ± 4.36 a 59 ± 21.08 ab
Tétényi rekord 33 ± 6.00 abcde 37 ± 18.34 ab 59 ± 21.08 ab
Belona 39 ± 4.51 bcdef 53 ± 14.64 ab 67 ± 22.75 ab
Sóskút 16/7 45 ± 2.89 cdefg 53 ± 14.73 ab 71 ± 19.70 ab
26/43 45 ± 2.52 defg 52 ± 12.70 ab 71 ± 21.17 ab
Diósárki 45 ± 2.52 defg 37 ± 5.00 ab 71 ± 19.70 ab
Sóskút 96/1 46 ± 2.65 efgh 54 ± 3.46 abc 72 ± 16.74 ab
Tétényi keményhéjú 46 ± 2.65 efgh 64 ± 19.29 bcd 72 ± 17.35 ab
Marinada 53 ± 3.46 fgh 89 ± 9.29 cd 85 ± 16.50 ab
Soleta 54 ± 5.03 fgh 93 ± 6.56 d 88 ± 13.50 ab
6/10 58 ± 3.03 gh 93 ± 6.56 d 91 ± 18.68 ab
7/21 63 ± 2.52 h 91 ± 7.23 d 97 ± 19.01 b
Constanti 65 ± 1.16 h 96 ± 8.51 d 97 ± 19.22 b
Vairo 65 ± 1.16 h 97 ± 5.69 d 97 ± 19.22 b
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