[Abd El Tawab A.M., Khattab M.S.A., El-Zaiat H.M., Matloup O.H., Hassan A.A., Abdou M.M., Khalel M.S., Yacout M.H.(2016). Effect of cellulase and tannase enzymes supplemention on the productive performance of lactating buffaloes fed diets contain date palm fronds. Asian J. Anim. Sci., 10: 307–312.]Search in Google Scholar
[Abd El Tawab A.M., Kholif A.E., Hassan A.M., Matloup, O.H., Abo El-Nor S.A., Olafadehan O.A., Khattab M.S.A.(2020). Feed utilization and lactational performance of Friesian cows fed beet tops silage treated with lactic acid bacteria as a replacement for corn silage. Anim. Biotechnol., in press; doi: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1622556.10.1080/10495398.2019.162255631177921]Search in Google Scholar
[Abdelrahman M.M., Hunaiti D.A.(2008). The effect of dietary yeast and protected methionine on performance and trace minerals status of growing Awassi lambs. Livest. Sci., 115: 235–241.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ahmed M.H., Elghandour M.M.Y., Salem A.Z.M., Zeweil H.S., Kholif A.E., Klieve A.V., Abdelrassol A.M.A., (2015a). Influence of Trichoderma reesei or Saccharomyces cerevisiae on performance, ruminal fermentation, carcass characteristics and blood biochemistry of lambs fed Atriplex nummularia and Acacia saligna mixture. Livest. Sci., 180: 90–97.10.1016/j.livsci.2015.06.019]Search in Google Scholar
[Ahmed M.H., Salem A.Z.M., Zeweil H.S., Sun X.Z., Kholif A.E., Elghandour M.M.Y., Bahar M.S.I.(2015b). Growth performance and carcass characteristics of lambs fed halophytes as a partial or whole replacement of berseem hay. Small Rumin. Res., 128: 1–9.10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.05.004]Search in Google Scholar
[Al-Suwaieg S.B., Al-Yousef Y.M.(2016). Effect of feeding urea treated palm leaves on milk production, composition and animal performance of lactating Ardi goats. Asian J. Anim. Sci., 11: 14–22.]Search in Google Scholar
[Alsersy H., Salem A.Z.M., Borhami B.E., Olivares J., Gado H.M., Mariezcurrena M.D., Yacuot M.H., Kholif A.E., El-Adawy M., Hernandez S.R.(2015). Effect of Mediterranean saltbush (Atriplex halimus) ensilaging with two developed enzyme cocktails on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in sheep. Anim. Sci. J., 86: 51–58.]Search in Google Scholar
[AOAC(1997). Official Methods of Analysis. Washington, DC., USA, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 16th ed.]Search in Google Scholar
[Belewu M., Jimoh N.(2005). Blood, carcass and organ measurements as influenced by Aspergillus niger treated cassava waste in the diets of West African dwarf Goat (WAD). Global J. Agric. Sci., 4: 125–128.]Search in Google Scholar
[Bielke L., Elwood A., Donoghue D., Donoghue A., Newberry L., Neighbor N., Hargis B.(2003). Approach for selection of individual enteric bacteria for competitive exclusion in turkey poults. Poultry Sci., 82: 1378–1382.]Search in Google Scholar
[Boyd J.W.(1984). The interpretation of serum biochemistry test results in domestic animals. Vet. Clinic. Pathol., 13: 7–14.]Search in Google Scholar
[Dicks L., Botes M.(2010). Probiotic lactic acid bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract: health benefits, safety and mode of action. Beneficial Microbes., 1: 11–29.]Search in Google Scholar
[Elghandour M.M.Y., Salem A.Z.M., Castañeda J.S.M., Camacho L.M., Kholif A.E., Chagoyán J.C.V.(2015). Direct-fed microbes: A tool for improving the utilization of low quality roughages in ruminants. J. Integ. Agric., 14: 526–533.]Search in Google Scholar
[Elghandour M.M.Y., Kholif A.E., Salem A.Z.M., Montesde Oca R., Barbabosa A., Mariezcurrena M., Olafadehan O.A.(2016a). Addressing sustainable ruminal methane and carbon dioxide emissions of soybean hulls by organic acid salts. J. Clean Prod., 135: 194–200.10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.081]Search in Google Scholar
[Elghandour M.M.Y., Kholif A.E., Hernández J., Mariezcurrena M.D., López S., Camacho L.M., Márquez O., Salem A.Z.M.(2016b). Influence of the addition of exogenous xylanase with or without pre-incubation on the in vitro ruminal fermentation of three fibrous feeds. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 61: 262–272.10.17221/52/2015-CJAS]Search in Google Scholar
[Febrina D., Jamarun N., Zain M., Khasrad(2017). Digestibility of goat rations containing fermented oil palm fronds by Phanerochaete chrysosporium supplemented with phosphorus, sulfur and magnesium. J. Biol. Sci., 17: 298–304.]Search in Google Scholar
[Genin D., Kadri A., Khorchani T., Sakkal K., Belgacem F., Hamadi M.(2004). Valorisation of date-palm by-products (DPBP) for livestock feeding in southern Tunisia. I – Potentialities and traditional utilisation. In: Nutrition and Feeding Strategies of Sheep and Goats Under Harsh Climates, Ben Salem H., Nefzaoui A., Morand-Fehr P. (eds). CIHEAM, Zaragoza, Spain, pp. 227–232.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ghazanfar S., Anjum M.I., Azim A., Ahmed I.(2015). Effects of dietary supplementation of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) culture on growth performance, blood parameters, nutrient digestibility and fecal flora of dairy heifers. J. Anim. Plant Sci., 25: 53–59.]Search in Google Scholar
[Guo Y., Zhang Y., Wei C., Ma Q., Ji C., Zhang J., Zhao L.(2019). Efficacy of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 biodegradation product for the reduction of the milk aflatoxin M1 content of dairy cows exposed to aflatoxin B1. Toxins., 11.10.3390/toxins11030161646840230871271]Search in Google Scholar
[Hosten A.O.(1990). BUN and Creatinine. In: Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations, Walker H.K., Hall W.D., Hurst J.W. (eds). Butterworths, Boston, MA, pp. 874–878.]Search in Google Scholar
[Khan R.U., Naz S., Dhama K., Karthik K., Tiwari R., Abdelrahma M.M., Alhidary I.A., Zahoor A.(2016). Direct-fed microbial: beneficial applications, modes of action and prospects as a safe tool for enhancing ruminant production and safeguarding health. Inter. J. Pharmacol., 12: 220–231.]Search in Google Scholar
[Khattab H.M., Gado H.M., Kholif A.E., Mansour A.M., Kholif A.M.(2011). The potential of feeding goats sun dried rumen contents with or without bacterial inoculums as replacement for berseem clover and the effects on milk production and animal health. Inter. J. Dairy Sci., 6: 267–277.]Search in Google Scholar
[Khattab H.M., Gado H.M., Salem A.Z.M., Camacho L.M., El-Sayed M.M., Kholif A.M., El-Shewy A.A., Kholif A.E.(2013). Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of Pleurotus ostreatus spent rice straw. Anim. Nutr. Feed Technol., 13: 507–516.]Search in Google Scholar
[Khattab M.S.A., Abd El Tawab A.M.(2018). In vitro evaluation of palm fronds as feedstuff on ruminal digestibility and gas production. Acta Scient. Anim. Sci., 40: e39586.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kholif A.E., Khattab H.M., El-Shewy A.A., Salem A.Z.M., Kholif A.M., El-Sayed M.M., Gado H.M., Mariezcurrena M.D.(2014). Nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation activities, serum parameters and milk production and composition of lactating goats fed diets containing rice straw treated with Pleurotus ostreatus. Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci., 27: 357–364.]Search in Google Scholar
[Kholif A.E., Elghandour M.M.Y., Rodríguez G.B., Olafadehan O.A., Salem A.Z.M.(2017a). Anaerobic ensiling of raw agricultural waste with a fibrolytic enzyme cocktail as a cleaner and sustainable biological product. J. Clean Prod., 142: 2649–2655.10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.012]Search in Google Scholar
[Kholif A.E., Abdo M.M., Anele U.Y., El-Sayed M.M., Morsy T.A.(2017b). Saccharomyces cerevisiae does not work synergistically with exogenous enzymes to enhance feed utilization, ruminal fermentation and lactational performance of Nubian goats. Livest. Sci., 206: 17–23.10.1016/j.livsci.2017.10.002]Search in Google Scholar
[Kochewad S.A., Chahande J.M., Kanduri A.B., Deshmukh D.S., Ali S.A., Patil V.M.(2009). Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth parameters of Osmanabadi kids. Veterinary World, 2: 29–30.]Search in Google Scholar
[Lone M.A., Wani M.R., Bhat N.A., Sheikh S.A., Reshi M.A.(2012). Evaluation of cellulase enzyme secreted by some common and stirring rhizosphere fungi of Juglans regia L. by DNS method. J. Enzyme Res., 3: 18–22.]Search in Google Scholar
[Medjekal S., Arhab R., Bousseboua H.(2011). Nutritive value assessment of some desert by-products by gas production and rumen fermentation in vitro. Livest. Res. Rural Develop., 23: Article 46.]Search in Google Scholar
[NRC(2001). Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids. Washington, DC, USA.]Search in Google Scholar
[Pascual J.J., Fernández C., Díaz J.R., Garcés C., Rubert-Alemán J.(2000). Voluntary intake and in vivo digestibility of different date-palm fractions by Murciano-Granadina (Capra hircus). Journal of Arid Environments., 45: 183–189.]Search in Google Scholar
[Pauzenga U.(1985). Feeding parent stock. Zootecnia International., 34: 22–25.]Search in Google Scholar
[Pettersson J., Hindorf U., Persson P., Bengtsson T., Malmqvist U., Werkström V., Ekelund M., (2008). Muscular exercise can cause highly pathological liver function tests in healthy men. Br. J. Clinic. Pharmacol., 65: 253–259.]Search in Google Scholar
[Retta K.S.(2016). Role of probiotics in rumen fermentation and animal performance: A review. Inter. J. Livest. Prod., 7: 24–32.]Search in Google Scholar
[Saleem A.M., Zanouny A.I., Singer A.M.(2017). Growth performance, nutrients digestibility, and blood metabolites of lambs fed diets supplemented with probiotics during pre- and post-weaning period. Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci., 30: 523–530.]Search in Google Scholar
[Salem A.Z.M., Alsersy H., Camacho L.M., El-Adawy M.M., Elghandour M.M.Y., Kholif A.E., Rivero N., Alonso M.U., Zaragoza A.(2015). Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and ruminal fermentation activities in sheep fed Atriplex halimus ensiled with three developed enzyme cocktails. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 60: 185–194.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sallam S.M.A., Allam A.M., Najadi S.A.(2014). Comparison of two products of direct-fed microbial supplementation on the nutrient utilization and ruminal fermentation in sheep. J. Agric. Sci., 6: 159–167.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sallam S.M.A., Kholif A.E., Amin K.A., Nour El-Din A.N.M., Attia M.F.A., Matloup O.H., Anele U.Y.(2020). Effects of microbial feed additives on feed utilization and growth performance in growing Barki lambs fed diet based on peanut hay. Anim. Biotechnol., 31: 447–454.]Search in Google Scholar
[Seo J.K., Kim S.W., Kim M.H., Upadhaya S.D., Kam D.K., Ha J.K.(2010). Direct-fed microbials for ruminant animals. Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci., 23: 1657–1667.]Search in Google Scholar
[Sharifi M., Bashtani M., Naserian A.A., Farhangfar H.(2015). The effect of feeding low quality date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) on the performance, antioxidant status and ruminal fermentation of mid-lactating Saanen dairy goats. Small Rumin. Res., 130: 95–100.]Search in Google Scholar
[Shawky A.B., El-Sharabasy S.F.(2015). Date palm status and perspective in Egypt, date palm genetic resources and utilization. In: Date Palm Genetic Resources and Utilization: Volume 1: Africa and the Americas, Al-Khayri J., Jain S.M., Johnson D. (eds). Springer, Netherlands.]Search in Google Scholar
[Soren N.M., Tripathi M.K., Bhatt R.S., Karim S.A.(2013). Effect of yeast supplementation on the growth performance of Malpura lambs. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 45: 547–554.]Search in Google Scholar
[Stanek M., Florek S., Rydzik W., Rusiecka I.(1992). Effect of energy feeds indiets for sheep on nutrient digestibility and rumen digestion process. Acta Acad. Agric. Tech. Olstenesis Zootech., 37: 3–11.]Search in Google Scholar
[Titi H.H., Dmour R.O., Abdullah A.Y.(2008). Growth performance and carcass characteristics of Awassi lambs and Shami goat kids fed yeast culture in their finishing diet. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 142: 33–43.]Search in Google Scholar
[Togtokhbayar N., Cerrillo M.A., Rodríguez G.B., Elghandour M.M.Y., Salem A.Z.M., Urankhaich C., Jigjidpurev S., Odongo N.E., Kholif A.E.(2015). Effect of exogenous xylanase on rumen in vitro gas production and degradability of wheat straw. Anim. Sci. J., 86: 765–771.]Search in Google Scholar
[Uyeno Y., Shigemori S., Shimosato T.(2015). Effect of probiotics/prebiotics on cattle health and productivity. Microb. Environ., 30: 126–132.]Search in Google Scholar
[Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B., Lewis B.A.(1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci., 74: 3583–3597.]Search in Google Scholar
[Whitley N.C., Cazac D., Rude B.J., Jackson-O’Brien D., Parveen S.(2009). Use of a commercial probiotic supplement in meat goats. J. Anim. Sci., 87: 723–728.]Search in Google Scholar
[Ziaei N., Hosseini S.M.M.(2009). Feeding value and in vitro digestibility of date-palm leaves supplemented with different supplementary energy. Pakistan J. Biolo. Sci., 12: 817–820.]Search in Google Scholar