E-Fuel Blend Operation of Small Industral SI-Engines with Carburetors

MARQUARDT, Leander; KATKE, Heiner-Joachim; HABECK, Maik; REINKE, Andreas; TEUBNER, Lena

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E-Fuel Blend Operation of Small Industral SI-Engines with Carburetors

Leander MARQUARDT

MARQUARDT, Leander

,

Heiner-Joachim KATKE

KATKE, Heiner-Joachim

,

,

y

05 sept 2025

Acta Mechanica et Automatica

Volumen 19 (2025): Edición 3 (Septiembre 2025)

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Publicado en línea: 05 sept 2025

Páginas: 369 - 379

Recibido: 12 feb 2025

Aceptado: 16 jun 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ama-2025-0044

Palabras clave
SI-engine, gasoline Super E5, e-fuel, fuel blend, methanol, electronic carburetor, chemical resistance

© 2025 Leander MARQUARDT et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Relevant fuel specifications for blends with 0 … 100 vol.% CH3OH

Calculation of sub-stoichiometric combustion

Test-engine Briggs & Stratton Intek Pro 206

Performance at site and valve lift of test-engine

Strategies for λ-adjustment with sub-stoichiometric basic layout

Strategies for λ-adjustment with lean basic layout

Fuel-switch without adaptations of carburetor

Fault of Lambda-Meter without adjusting fuel-parameters

Test results – Standard deviation of peak pressure

Test results – Specific exhaust gas emissions

Test results – Pressure indications at λ ≈ 0.85

Relevant test equipment and measuring devices

Value	Measuring principle	Type
OutputP_e	Electric retarder (eddy-current)	Hummert HATWWB C1
Engine speedn_M	Optical reflection sensor	AlbornFUA 9192
Fuel massm_Fuel	Laboratory balance	KernITB35K1IP
Fuel/air-ratioI_ETAS	ZrO₂-sensor	Lambda-MeterETAS ES630.1 / BOSCH LSU4.2
Exhaust gasCOCO₂O₂NO_XTHC	NDIRNDIRMPACLA (dry / cold)FIA	HoribaEXSA-1500
Cyl. indicationP_Cyl = f(f)	Piezo-electric transducerCharge amplifierOptical encoderScopeCorder	KIAG 6051BKIAG 5007Hohner Serie 27Yokogawa DL850

Analysis of Gasoline (E5) and Blends with 30, 60 and 100 vol_% CH3OH (M30, M60, M100)

Fuel	Elementary Analysis			Atomic Fraction	RON
Fuel	c_K [m%]	h_K [m%]	o_K [m%]	C : H : O	(approx.)
Super E5	88.307	11.329	0.364	1 : 1.53 : 0.00	95
M30	72.497	11.714	15.750	1 : 1.93 : 0.16	99
M60	57.167	12.087	30.668	1 : 2.52 : 0.40	103
M100	37.437	12.567	49.869	1 : 4.00 : 1.00	109

Idioma:: Inglés

Calendario de la edición:: 4 veces al año
Temas de la revista:: Ingeniería, Ingeniería eléctrica, Electrónica, Ingeniería mecánica, Mecánica, Bioingeniería e ingeniería biomédica, Biomecánica, Ingeniería civil, Ingeniería ambiental

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E-Fuel Blend Operation of Small Industral SI-Engines with Carburetors

Publicado en línea: 05 sept 2025

Páginas: 369 - 379

Recibido: 12 feb 2025

Aceptado: 16 jun 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ama-2025-0044

Palabras clave
SI-engine, gasoline Super E5, e-fuel, fuel blend, methanol, electronic carburetor, chemical resistance

© 2025 Leander MARQUARDT et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1a

Fig. 1b

Fig. 2a

Fig. 2b

Fig. 3a

Fig. 3b

Fig. 4a

Fig. 4b

Fig. 5a

Fig. 5b.

Fig. 6a.

Fig. 6b

Fig. 7.

Fig. 8.

Fig. 9a.

Fig. 9b

Fig. 9c

Fig. 10.

Fig. 11a

Fig. 11b

Fig. 12.

Fig. 13.

Relevant test equipment and measuring devices

Analysis of Gasoline (E5) and Blends with 30, 60 and 100 vol_% CH3OH (M30, M60, M100)

E-Fuel Blend Operation of Small Industral SI-Engines with Carburetors

Leander MARQUARDT

Heiner-Joachim KATKE

Maik HABECK

Andreas REINKE

Lena TEUBNER

Publicado en línea: 05 sept 2025

Páginas: 369 - 379

Recibido: 12 feb 2025

Aceptado: 16 jun 2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ama-2025-0044

Palabras claveSI-engine, gasoline Super E5, e-fuel, fuel blend, methanol, electronic carburetor, chemical resistance

© 2025 Leander MARQUARDT et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1a

Fig. 1b

Fig. 2a

Fig. 2b

Fig. 3a

Fig. 3b

Fig. 4a

Fig. 4b

Fig. 5a

Fig. 5b.

Fig. 6a.

Fig. 6b

Fig. 7.

Fig. 8.

Fig. 9a.

Fig. 9b

Fig. 9c

Fig. 10.

Fig. 11a

Fig. 11b

Fig. 12.

Fig. 13.

Relevant test equipment and measuring devices

Analysis of Gasoline (E5) and Blends with 30, 60 and 100 vol_% CH3OH (M30, M60, M100)

Palabras clave
SI-engine, gasoline Super E5, e-fuel, fuel blend, methanol, electronic carburetor, chemical resistance