This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Ainsworth G.C.: Introduction to the History of Mycology; Cambridge University Press, 1–246, (1976)AinsworthG.C.Introduction to the History of MycologyCambridge University Press12461976Search in Google Scholar
Alspaugh J.A., Cavallo L.M., Perfect J.R., Heitman J.: RAS1 Regulates filamentation, mating and growth at high temperature of Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Microbiol.36, 352–365 (2000)AlspaughJ.A.CavalloL.M.PerfectJ.R.HeitmanJ.RAS1 Regulates filamentation, mating and growth at high temperature of Cryptococcus neoformansMol. Microbiol.36352365200010.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01852.x10792722Search in Google Scholar
Altamirano S., Li Z., Fu M.S., Ding M., Fulton S.R., Yoder J.M., Tran V., Nielsen K. The Cyclin Cln1 Controls Polyploid Titan Cell Formation Following a Stress-Induced G2 Arrest in Cryptococcus. mBio12, e02509–21 (2021)AltamiranoS.LiZ.FuM.S.DingM.FultonS.R.YoderJ.M.TranV.NielsenK.The Cyclin Cln1 Controls Polyploid Titan Cell Formation Following a Stress-Induced G2 Arrest in CryptococcusmBio12e0250921202110.1101/2021.08.24.457603Search in Google Scholar
Antonelli G., Cutler S.: Evolution of the Koch postulates: towards a 21st-century understanding of microbial infection. Clin Microbiol Infect.22, 583–584 (2016)AntonelliG.CutlerS.Evolution of the Koch postulates: towards a 21st-century understanding of microbial infectionClin Microbiol Infect.22583584201610.1016/j.cmi.2016.03.03027064135Search in Google Scholar
Benham R.W.: Cryptococci-Their Identification by Morphology and by Serology. J. Infect. Dis.57, 255–274 (1935)BenhamR.W.Cryptococci-Their Identification by Morphology and by SerologyJ. Infect. Dis.57255274193510.1093/infdis/57.3.255Search in Google Scholar
Bielska E., May R.C.: What Makes Cryptococcus gattii a Pathogen? FEMS Yeast Res.16, fov106 (2016)BielskaE.MayR.C.What Makes Cryptococcus gattii a Pathogen?FEMS Yeast Res.16fov106201610.1093/femsyr/fov10626614308Search in Google Scholar
Boekhout T., Theelen B., Diaz M., Fell J.W., Hop W.C.J., Abeln E.C.A., Dromer F., Meyer W.: Hybrid Genotypes in the Pathogenic Yeast Cryptococcus neoformans. Microbiology147, 891–907 (2001)BoekhoutT.TheelenB.DiazM.FellJ.W.HopW.C.J.AbelnE.C.A.DromerF.MeyerW.Hybrid Genotypes in the Pathogenic Yeast Cryptococcus neoformansMicrobiology147891907200110.1099/00221287-147-4-89111283285Search in Google Scholar
Borman A.M., Simpson V.R., Palmer M.D., Linton C.J., Johnson E.M.: Adiaspiromycosis Due to Emmonsia crescens Is Widespread in Native British Mammals. Mycopathologia168, 153–163 (2009)BormanA.M.SimpsonV.R.PalmerM.D.LintonC.J.JohnsonE.M.Adiaspiromycosis Due to Emmonsia crescens Is Widespread in Native British MammalsMycopathologia168153163200910.1007/s11046-009-9216-619533414Search in Google Scholar
Boulware D.R., Meya D.B., Muzoora C., Rolfes M.A., Huppler Hullsiek K., Musubire A., Taseera K., Nabeta H.W., Schutz C., Williams D.A., Rajasingham R., Rhein J., Thienemann F., Lo M.W., Nielsen K., Bergemann T.L., Kambugu A., Manabe Y.C., Janoff E.N., Bohjanen P.R., Meintjes G.: Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy after Diagnosis of Cryptococcal Meningitis. N. Engl. J. Med.370, 2487–2498 (2014)BoulwareD.R.MeyaD.B.MuzooraC.RolfesM.A.Huppler HullsiekK.MusubireA.TaseeraK.NabetaH.W.SchutzC.WilliamsD.A.RajasinghamR.RheinJ.ThienemannF.LoM.W.NielsenK.BergemannT.L.KambuguA.ManabeY.C.JanoffE.N.BohjanenP.R.MeintjesG.Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy after Diagnosis of Cryptococcal MeningitisN. Engl. J. Med.37024872498201410.1056/NEJMoa1312884412787924963568Search in Google Scholar
Bovers M., Hagen F., Kuramae E.E., Boekhout T.: Promiscuous Mitochondria in Cryptococcus gattii. FEMS Yeast Res.9, 489–503 (2009)BoversM.HagenF.KuramaeE.E.BoekhoutT.Promiscuous Mitochondria in Cryptococcus gattiiFEMS Yeast Res.9489503200910.1111/j.1567-1364.2009.00494.x19281475Search in Google Scholar
Brilhante R.S.N., Rocha M.G., Oliveira J.S., Pereira-Neto W.A., Guedes G.M., Cordeiro R., Sidrim J.J.C., Rocha M.F.G., Castelo-Branco D.: Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii Species Complex Melanized by Epinephrine: Increased Yeast Survival after Amphotericin B Exposure. Microb. Pathog.143, 104123 (2020)BrilhanteR.S.N.RochaM.G.OliveiraJ.S.Pereira-NetoW.A.GuedesG.M.CordeiroR.SidrimJ.J.C.RochaM.F.G.Castelo-BrancoD.Cryptococcus neoformans/Cryptococcus gattii Species Complex Melanized by Epinephrine: Increased Yeast Survival after Amphotericin B ExposureMicrob. Pathog.143104123202010.1016/j.micpath.2020.10412332169493Search in Google Scholar
Buschke A.: Uber Eine Durch Coccidien Hervergerufene Krankheit Des Menschen. Dtsch. Med Wochenschr21, 14 (1895)BuschkeA.Uber Eine Durch Coccidien Hervergerufene Krankheit Des MenschenDtsch. Med Wochenschr21141895Search in Google Scholar
Busse O.: Über Parasitare Zelleinschlusse Und Ihre Zuchtung. Zentralbl Bakteriol16, 175–180 (1894)BusseO.Über Parasitare Zelleinschlusse Und Ihre ZuchtungZentralbl Bakteriol161751801894Search in Google Scholar
Busse O.: Über Saccharomycosis Hominis. Virchows Arch. Path. Anat.140, 23–46 (1895)BusseO.Über Saccharomycosis HominisVirchows Arch. Path. Anat.1402346189510.1007/BF02116125Search in Google Scholar
Casadevall A., Coelho C., Cordero R.J.B., Dragotakes Q., Jung E., Vij R., Wear M.P.: The Capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans. Virulence10, 822–831 (2019)CasadevallA.CoelhoC.CorderoR.J.B.DragotakesQ.JungE.VijR.WearM.P.The Capsule of Cryptococcus neoformansVirulence10822831201910.1080/21505594.2018.1431087677939029436899Search in Google Scholar
Casadevall A., Freij J.B., Hann-Soden C., Taylor J.: Continental Drift and Speciation of the Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii Species Complexes. mSphere2, e00103–17 (2017)CasadevallA.FreijJ.B.Hann-SodenC.TaylorJ.Continental Drift and Speciation of the Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii Species ComplexesmSphere2e0010317201710.1128/mSphere.00103-17539756528435888Search in Google Scholar
Casadevall A., Pirofski L.A.: Host-Pathogen Interactions: Redefining the Basic Concepts of Virulence and Pathogenicity. Infect. Immun.67, 3703–3713 (1999)CasadevallA.PirofskiL.A.Host-Pathogen Interactions: Redefining the Basic Concepts of Virulence and PathogenicityInfect. Immun.6737033713199910.1128/IAI.67.8.3703-3713.19999664310417127Search in Google Scholar
Casadevall A., Rosas A.L., Nosanchuk J.D.: Melanin and Virulence in Cryptococcus Neoformans. Curr. Opin. Microbiol.3, 354–358 (2000)CasadevallA.RosasA.L.NosanchukJ.D.Melanin and Virulence in Cryptococcus NeoformansCurr. Opin. Microbiol.3354358200010.1016/S1369-5274(00)00103-X10972493Search in Google Scholar
Chang Y.C., Kwon-Chung K.J.: Complementation of a Capsule-Deficient Mutation of Cryptococcus neoformans Restores Its Virulence. Mol. Cell. Biol.14, 4912–4919 (1994)ChangY.C.Kwon-ChungK.J.Complementation of a Capsule-Deficient Mutation of Cryptococcus neoformans Restores Its VirulenceMol. Cell. Biol.1449124919199410.1128/MCB.14.7.4912Search in Google Scholar
Charlier C., Chrétien F., Baudrimont M., Mordelet E., Lortholary O., Dromer F.: Capsule Structure Changes Associated with Cryptococcus neoformans Crossing of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Am. J. Pathol.166, 421–432 (2005)CharlierC.ChrétienF.BaudrimontM.MordeletE.LortholaryO.DromerF.Capsule Structure Changes Associated with Cryptococcus neoformans Crossing of the Blood-Brain BarrierAm. J. Pathol.166421432200510.1016/S0002-9440(10)62265-1160233615681826Search in Google Scholar
Chaturvedi A.K., Wormley F.L.: Methodology for Anti-Cryptococcal Vaccine Development BT – Vaccines for Invasive Fungal Infections: Methods and Protocols, Kalkum M., Semis M., (eds), Springer, New York 129–140 (2017)ChaturvediA.K.WormleyF.L.Methodology for Anti-Cryptococcal Vaccine Development BT – Vaccines for Invasive Fungal Infections: Methods and ProtocolsKalkumM.SemisM.(eds),SpringerNew York129140201710.1007/978-1-4939-7104-6_1028584988Search in Google Scholar
Coelho C., Bocca A.L., Casadevall A.: The Intracellular Life of Cryptococcus neoformans. Annu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis.9, 219–238 (2014)CoelhoC.BoccaA.L.CasadevallA.The Intracellular Life of Cryptococcus neoformansAnnu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis.9219238201410.1146/annurev-pathol-012513-104653512771624050625Search in Google Scholar
Curtis F.: Contribution à l’étude de La Saccharomycose Humaine. Ann. Inst. Pasteur10, 20 (1896)CurtisF.Contribution à l’étude de La Saccharomycose HumaineAnn. Inst. Pasteur10201896Search in Google Scholar
Dambuza I.M., Drake T., Chapuis A., Zhou X., Correia J., Taylor-Smith L., LeGrave N., Rasmussen T., Fisher M.C., Bicanic T., Harrison T.S., Jaspars M., May R.C., Brown G.D., Yuecel R., MacCallum D.M., Ballou E.R.: The Cryptococcus neoformans Titan Cell Is an Inducible and Regulated Morphotype Underlying Pathogenesis. PLOS Pathog.14, e1006978 (2018)DambuzaI.M.DrakeT.ChapuisA.ZhouX.CorreiaJ.Taylor-SmithL.LeGraveN.RasmussenT.FisherM.C.BicanicT.HarrisonT.S.JasparsM.MayR.C.BrownG.D.YuecelR.MacCallumD.M.BallouE.R.The Cryptococcus neoformans Titan Cell Is an Inducible and Regulated Morphotype Underlying PathogenesisPLOS Pathog.14e1006978201810.1371/journal.ppat.1006978595907029775474Search in Google Scholar
Denham S.T., Verma S., Reynolds R.C., Worne C.L., Daugherty J.M., Lane T.E., Brown J.C.S.: Regulated Release of Cryptococcal Polysaccharide Drives Virulence and Suppresses Immune Cell Infiltration into the Central Nervous System. Infect. Immun.86, e00662–17 (2018)DenhamS.T.VermaS.ReynoldsR.C.WorneC.L.DaughertyJ.M.LaneT.E.BrownJ.C.S.Regulated Release of Cryptococcal Polysaccharide Drives Virulence and Suppresses Immune Cell Infiltration into the Central Nervous SystemInfect. Immun.86e0066217201810.1128/IAI.00662-17582095329203547Search in Google Scholar
Duin D., Casadevall A., Nosanchuk J.D.: Melanization of Cryptococcus Neoformans and Histoplasma Capsulatum Reduces Their Susceptibilities to Amphotericin B and Caspofungin. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.46, 3394–3400 (2002)DuinD.CasadevallA.NosanchukJ.D.Melanization of Cryptococcus Neoformans and Histoplasma Capsulatum Reduces Their Susceptibilities to Amphotericin B and CaspofunginAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.4633943400200210.1128/AAC.46.11.3394-3400.200212874812384341Search in Google Scholar
Duin D., Casadevall A., Nosanchuk J.D.: Melanization of Cryptococcus neoformans Affects Lung Inflammatory Responses during Cryptococcal Infection. Infect. Immun.73, 2012–2019 (2005)DuinD.CasadevallA.NosanchukJ.D.Melanization of Cryptococcus neoformans Affects Lung Inflammatory Responses during Cryptococcal InfectionInfect. Immun.7320122019200510.1128/IAI.73.4.2012-2019.2005108747015784542Search in Google Scholar
Dyląg M.: Etiological factors of cryptococcosis – what makes them pathogens ? Med. Dosw. Mikrobiol.67, 221–231 (2015)DylągM.Etiological factors of cryptococcosis – what makes them pathogens ?Med. Dosw. Mikrobiol.672212312015Search in Google Scholar
Dyląg M., Colon-Reyes R.J., Kozubowski L.: Titan cell formation is unique to Cryptococcus species complex. Virulence11, 719–729 (2020)DylągM.Colon-ReyesR.J.KozubowskiL.Titan cell formation is unique to Cryptococcus species complexVirulence11719729202010.1080/21505594.2020.1772657754998932498590Search in Google Scholar
Dyląg M., Colón-Reyes R.J., Loperena-Álvarez Y., Kozubowski L.: Establishing minimal conditions sufficient for the development of Titan-like cells in Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii species complex. Pathogens11, 768 (2022)DylągM.Colón-ReyesR.J.Loperena-ÁlvarezY.KozubowskiL.Establishing minimal conditions sufficient for the development of Titan-like cells in Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii species complexPathogens11768202210.3390/pathogens11070768932218535890013Search in Google Scholar
Eisenman H.C., Nosanchuk J.D., Webber J.B.W., Emerson R.J., Camesano T.A., Casadevall A.: Microstructure of Cell Wall-Associated Melanin in the Human Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Biochemistry44, 3683–3693 (2005)EisenmanH.C.NosanchukJ.D.WebberJ.B.W.EmersonR.J.CamesanoT.A.CasadevallA.Microstructure of Cell Wall-Associated Melanin in the Human Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformansBiochemistry4436833693200510.1021/bi047731m15751945Search in Google Scholar
Ellerbroek P.M., Hoepelman A.I., Wolbers F., Zwaginga J.J, Coenjaerts F.E.: Cryptococcal Glucuronoxylomannan Inhibits Adhesion of Neutrophils to Stimulated Endothelium In Vitro by Affecting Both Neutrophils and Endothelial Cells. Infect. Immun.70, 4762–4771 (2002)EllerbroekP.M.HoepelmanA.I.WolbersF.ZwagingaJ.JCoenjaertsF.E.Cryptococcal Glucuronoxylomannan Inhibits Adhesion of Neutrophils to Stimulated Endothelium In Vitro by Affecting Both Neutrophils and Endothelial CellsInfect. Immun.7047624771200210.1128/IAI.70.9.4762-4771.200212823512183517Search in Google Scholar
Esher S.K., Zaragoza Ó., Alspaugh J.A.: Cryptococcal Pathogenic Mechanisms: A Dangerous Trip from the Environment to the Brain. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz113, e180057 (2018)EsherS.K.ZaragozaÓ.AlspaughJ.A.Cryptococcal Pathogenic Mechanisms: A Dangerous Trip from the Environment to the BrainMem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz113e180057201810.1590/0074-02760180057590908929668825Search in Google Scholar
Evans E.E.: An Immunologic Comparison of Twelve Strains of Cryptococcus neoformans (Torula histolytica). Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.71, 644–646 (1949)EvansE.E.An Immunologic Comparison of Twelve Strains of Cryptococcus neoformans (Torula histolytica)Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.71644646194910.3181/00379727-71-1728318148185Search in Google Scholar
Feldmesser M., Kress Y., Casadevall A.: Dynamic Changes in the Morphology of Cryptococcus neoformans during Murine Pulmonary Infection. Microbiology147, 2355–2365 (2001)FeldmesserM.KressY.CasadevallA.Dynamic Changes in the Morphology of Cryptococcus neoformans during Murine Pulmonary InfectionMicrobiology14723552365200110.1099/00221287-147-8-235511496012Search in Google Scholar
Fell J.W., Kurtzman C.P., Kwon-Chung K.J.: Proposal to Conserve Cryptococcus (Fungi). Taxon38, 151–152 (1989)FellJ.W.KurtzmanC.P.Kwon-ChungK.J.Proposal to Conserve Cryptococcus (Fungi)Taxon38151152198910.2307/1220923Search in Google Scholar
Fonseca Á., Fell J.W., Boekhout T.: Cryptococcus Vuillemin. In The yeasts, a taxonomic study; Kurtzman C.P., Fell J.W., Boekhout T., (eds), Elsevier: Amsterdam 1665–1740 (2010)FonsecaÁ.FellJ.W.BoekhoutT.Cryptococcus Vuillemin. In The yeasts, a taxonomic studyKurtzmanC.P.FellJ.W.BoekhoutT.(eds),ElsevierAmsterdam16651740201010.1016/B978-0-444-52149-1.00138-5Search in Google Scholar
Franzot S.P., Salkin I.F., Casadevall A.: Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii: Separate Varietal Status for Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A Isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol.37, 838–840 (1999)FranzotS.P.SalkinI.F.CasadevallA.Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii: Separate Varietal Status for Cryptococcus neoformans Serotype A IsolatesJ. Clin. Microbiol.37838840199910.1128/JCM.37.3.838-840.1999845789986871Search in Google Scholar
Frases S., Nimrichter L., Viana N.B., Nakouzi A., Casadevall A.: Cryptococcus neoformans Capsular Polysaccharide and Exopolysaccharide Fractions Manifest Physical, Chemical, and Antigenic Differences. Eukaryot. Cell7, 319–327 (2008)FrasesS.NimrichterL.VianaN.B.NakouziA.CasadevallA.Cryptococcus neoformans Capsular Polysaccharide and Exopolysaccharide Fractions Manifest Physical, Chemical, and Antigenic DifferencesEukaryot. Cell7319327200810.1128/EC.00378-07223816518156290Search in Google Scholar
Frothingham L.: A Tumor-like Lesion in the Lung of a Horse Caused by a Blastomyces (Torula). J. Med. Res.8, 31–43 (1902)FrothinghamL.A Tumor-like Lesion in the Lung of a Horse Caused by a Blastomyces (Torula)J. Med. Res.831431902Search in Google Scholar
Fu M.S., Coelho C., De Leon-Rodriguez C.M., Rossi D.C.P., Camacho E., Jung E.H., Kulkarni M., Casadevall A.: Cryptococcus neoformans Urease Affects the Outcome of Intracellular Pathogenesis by Modulating Phagolysosomal PH. PLOS Pathog.14, e1007144 (2018)FuM.S.CoelhoC.De Leon-RodriguezC.M.RossiD.C.P.CamachoE.JungE.H.KulkarniM.CasadevallA.Cryptococcus neoformans Urease Affects the Outcome of Intracellular Pathogenesis by Modulating Phagolysosomal PHPLOS Pathog.14e1007144201810.1371/journal.ppat.1007144602111029906292Search in Google Scholar
García-Barbazán I., Trevijano-Contador N., Rueda C., de Andrés B., Pérez-Tavárez R., Herrero-Fernández I., Gaspar M.L., Zaragoza O.: The Formation of Titan Cells in Cryptococcus neoformans Depends on the Mouse Strain and Correlates with Induction of Th2-Type Responses. Cell. Microbiol.18, 111–124 (2016)García-BarbazánI.Trevijano-ContadorN.RuedaC.de AndrésB.Pérez-TavárezR.Herrero-FernándezI.GasparM.L.ZaragozaO.The Formation of Titan Cells in Cryptococcus neoformans Depends on the Mouse Strain and Correlates with Induction of Th2-Type ResponsesCell. Microbiol.18111124201610.1111/cmi.1248826243235Search in Google Scholar
Garcia-Hermoso D., Dromer F., Janbon G.: Cryptococcus neoformans Capsule Structure Evolution In Vitro and during Murine Infection. Infect. Immun.72, 3359–3365 (2004)Garcia-HermosoD.DromerF.JanbonG.Cryptococcus neoformans Capsule Structure Evolution In Vitro and during Murine InfectionInfect. Immun.7233593365200410.1128/IAI.72.6.3359-3365.200441570615155641Search in Google Scholar
Gatti F., Eeckels R.: An Atypical Strain. Ann. Soc. belge Méd. trop50, 689–694 (1970)GattiF.EeckelsR.An Atypical StrainAnn. Soc. belge Méd. trop506896941970Search in Google Scholar
Geddes J.M.H., Caza D., Croll N., Stoynov L.J., Foster J.W., Kronstad J.: Analysis of the Protein Kinase A-Regulated Proteome of Cryptococcus neoformans Identifies a Role for the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway in Capsule Formation. mBio7, e01862–15 (2016)GeddesJ.M.H.CazaD.CrollN.StoynovL.J.FosterJ.W.KronstadJ.Analysis of the Protein Kinase A-Regulated Proteome of Cryptococcus neoformans Identifies a Role for the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway in Capsule FormationmBio7e0186215201610.1128/mBio.01862-15472500626758180Search in Google Scholar
Gerik K.J., Bhimireddy S.R., Ryerse J.S., Specht C.A., Lodge J.K.: PKC1 Is Essential for Protection against Both Oxidative and Nitrosative Stresses, Cell Integrity, and Normal Manifestation of Virulence Factors in the Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot. Cell7, 1685–1698 (2008)GerikK.J.BhimireddyS.R.RyerseJ.S.SpechtC.A.LodgeJ.K.PKC1 Is Essential for Protection against Both Oxidative and Nitrosative Stresses, Cell Integrity, and Normal Manifestation of Virulence Factors in the Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformansEukaryot. Cell716851698200810.1128/EC.00146-08256805718689526Search in Google Scholar
Gerstein A.C., Fu M.S., Mukaremera L., Li Z., Ormerod K.L., Fraser J.A., Berman J., Nielsen K.: Polyploid Titan Cells Produce Haploid and Aneuploid Progeny to Promote Stress Adaptation. mBio6, e01340–15 (2015)GersteinA.C.FuM.S.MukaremeraL.LiZ.OrmerodK.L.FraserJ.A.BermanJ.NielsenK.Polyploid Titan Cells Produce Haploid and Aneuploid Progeny to Promote Stress AdaptationmBio6e0134015201510.1128/mBio.01340-15462046326463162Search in Google Scholar
Gewiss M.E., Guilhem J., James C., Clemens S., Shun F.M., Frédérique M., Torsten K., Jochen B.: Cryptococcus neoformans Senses CO2 through the Carbonic Anhydrase Can2 and the Adenylyl Cyclase Cac1. Eukaryot. Cell5, 103–111 (2006)GewissM.E.GuilhemJ.JamesC.ClemensS.ShunF.M.FrédériqueM.TorstenK.JochenB.Cryptococcus neoformans Senses CO2 through the Carbonic Anhydrase Can2 and the Adenylyl Cyclase Cac1Eukaryot. Cell5103111200610.1128/EC.5.1.103-111.2006136026816400172Search in Google Scholar
Giles S.S., Batinic-Haberle I., Perfect J.R., Cox G.M.: Cryptococcus neoformans Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase: An Essential Link between Antioxidant Function and High-Temperature Growth. Eukaryot. Cell4, 46–54 (2005)GilesS.S.Batinic-HaberleI.PerfectJ.R.CoxG.M.Cryptococcus neoformans Mitochondrial Superoxide Dismutase: An Essential Link between Antioxidant Function and High-Temperature GrowthEukaryot. Cell44654200510.1128/EC.4.1.46-54.200554416215643059Search in Google Scholar
Gomez H., Kellum J.A.: Understanding Acid Base Disorders. Crit. Care Clin.31, 849–860 (2015)GomezH.KellumJ.A.Understanding Acid Base DisordersCrit. Care Clin.31849860201510.1016/j.ccc.2015.06.01626410149Search in Google Scholar
Guerrero A., Jain N., Goldman D.L., Fries B.C.: Phenotypic Switching in Cryptococcus neoformans. Microbiology152, 3–9 (2006)GuerreroA.JainN.GoldmanD.L.FriesB.C.Phenotypic Switching in Cryptococcus neoformansMicrobiology15239200610.1099/mic.0.28451-0272179716385110Search in Google Scholar
Haag-Liautard C., Coffey N., Houle D., Lynch M., Charlesworth B., Keightley P.D.: Direct Estimation of the Mitochondrial DNA Mutation Rate in Drosophila Melanogaster. PLOS Biol.6, e204 (2008)Haag-LiautardC.CoffeyN.HouleD.LynchM.CharlesworthB.KeightleyP.D.Direct Estimation of the Mitochondrial DNA Mutation Rate in Drosophila MelanogasterPLOS Biol.6e204200810.1371/journal.pbio.0060204251761918715119Search in Google Scholar
Hagen F., Khayhan K., Theelen B., Kolecka A., Polacheck I., Sionov E., Falk R., Parnmen S., Lumbsch H.T., Boekhout T.: Recognition of Seven Species in the Cryptococcus gattii/Cryptococcus neoformans Species Complex. Fungal Genet. Biol.78, 16–48 (2015)HagenF.KhayhanK.TheelenB.KoleckaA.PolacheckI.SionovE.FalkR.ParnmenS.LumbschH.T.BoekhoutT.Recognition of Seven Species in the Cryptococcus gattii/Cryptococcus neoformans Species ComplexFungal Genet. Biol.781648201510.1016/j.fgb.2015.02.00925721988Search in Google Scholar
Hawksworth D.L.: A New Dawn for the Naming of Fungi: Impacts of Decisions Made in Melbourne in July 2011 on the Future Publication and Regulation of Fungal Names. IMA Fungus2, 155–162 (2011)HawksworthD.L.A New Dawn for the Naming of Fungi: Impacts of Decisions Made in Melbourne in July 2011 on the Future Publication and Regulation of Fungal NamesIMA Fungus2155162201110.5598/imafungus.2011.02.02.06335981322679600Search in Google Scholar
Hibbett D.S., Taylor J.W.: Fungal Systematics: Is a New Age of Enlightenment at Hand? Nat. Rev. Microbiol.11, 129–133 (2013)HibbettD.S.TaylorJ.W.Fungal Systematics: Is a New Age of Enlightenment at Hand?Nat. Rev. Microbiol.11129133201310.1038/nrmicro296323288349Search in Google Scholar
Hommel B., Mukaremera L., Cordero R.J.B., Coelho C., Desjardins C.A., Sturny-Leclère A., Janbon G., Perfect J.R., Fraser J.A., Casadevall A., Cuomo C.A., Dromer F., Nielsen K., Alanio A.: Titan Cells Formation in Cryptococcus Neoformans Is Finely Tuned by Environmental Conditions and Modulated by Positive and Negative Genetic Regulators. PLOS Pathog.14, e1006982 (2018)HommelB.MukaremeraL.CorderoR.J.B.CoelhoC.DesjardinsC.A.Sturny-LeclèreA.JanbonG.PerfectJ.R.FraserJ.A.CasadevallA.CuomoC.A.DromerF.NielsenK.AlanioA.Titan Cells Formation in Cryptococcus Neoformans Is Finely Tuned by Environmental Conditions and Modulated by Positive and Negative Genetic RegulatorsPLOS Pathog.14e1006982201810.1371/journal.ppat.1006982595906229775480Search in Google Scholar
Hung C.Y., Xue J., Cole G.T.: Virulence Mechanisms of Coccidioides. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.1111, 225–235 (2007)HungC.Y.XueJ.ColeG.T.Virulence Mechanisms of CoccidioidesAnn. N. Y. Acad. Sci.1111225235200710.1196/annals.1406.02017513466Search in Google Scholar
Jain N., Guerrero A., Fries B.C.: Phenotypic Switching and Its Implications for the Pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans. FEMS Yeast Res.6, 480–488 (2006)JainN.GuerreroA.FriesB.C.Phenotypic Switching and Its Implications for the Pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformansFEMS Yeast Res.6480488200610.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00039.x274563016696644Search in Google Scholar
Jain N., Hasan F., Fries B.C.: Phenotypic Switching in Fungi. Curr. Fungal Infect. Rep.2, 180–188 (2008)JainN.HasanF.FriesB.C.Phenotypic Switching in FungiCurr. Fungal Infect. Rep.2180188200810.1007/s12281-008-0026-y274669719768140Search in Google Scholar
Kabir Z., Cunningham C.: The global burden of cryptococcosis-a neglected tropical disease? Lancet Infect. Dis. S1473-3099(22)00516-3 (2022)KabirZ.CunninghamC.The global burden of cryptococcosis-a neglected tropical disease?Lancet Infect. Dis.S1473-3099(22)00516-3202210.1016/S1473-3099(22)00516-336049487Search in Google Scholar
Khajo A., Bryan R.A., Friedman M., Burger R.M., Levitsky Y., Casadevall A., Magliozzo R.S., Dadachova E.: Protection of Melanized Cryptococcus Neoformans from Lethal Dose Gamma Irradiation Involves Changes in Melanin’s Chemical Structure and Paramagnetism. PLoS One6, e25092 (2011)KhajoA.BryanR.A.FriedmanM.BurgerR.M.LevitskyY.CasadevallA.MagliozzoR.S.DadachovaE.Protection of Melanized Cryptococcus Neoformans from Lethal Dose Gamma Irradiation Involves Changes in Melanin’s Chemical Structure and ParamagnetismPLoS One6e25092201110.1371/journal.pone.0025092317860121966422Search in Google Scholar
Kraus P.R., Heitman J.: Coping with Stress: Calmodulin and Calcineurin in Model and Pathogenic Fungi. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.311, 1151–1157 (2003)KrausP.R.HeitmanJ.Coping with Stress: Calmodulin and Calcineurin in Model and Pathogenic FungiBiochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.31111511157200310.1016/S0006-291X(03)01528-6Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J.: A New Genus, Filobasidiella, the Perfect State of Cryptococcus neoformans. Mycologia67, 1197–1200 (1975)Kwon-ChungK.J.A New Genus, Filobasidiella, the Perfect State of Cryptococcus neoformansMycologia6711971200197510.1080/00275514.1975.12019866Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J.: A New Species of Filobasidiella, the Sexual State of Cryptococcus neoformans B and C Serotypes. Mycologia68, 942–946 (1976)Kwon-ChungK.J.A New Species of Filobasidiella, the Sexual State of Cryptococcus neoformans B and C SerotypesMycologia68942946197610.1080/00275514.1976.12019972Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J.: Filobasidiella Kwon-Chung. In The yeast, a taxonomic Study; Kurtzman C.P., Fell J.W., Boekhout T. (eds) Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1443–1455 (2010)Kwon-ChungK.J.Filobasidiella Kwon-ChungInThe yeast, a taxonomic StudyKurtzmanC.P.FellJ.W.BoekhoutT.(eds)ElsevierAmsterdam14431455201010.1016/B978-044481312-1/50087-3Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J., Bennett J.E., Theodore T.S.: Cryptococcus bacillisporus sp. nov.: Serotype BC of Cryptococcus neoformans. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.28, 616–620 (1978)Kwon-ChungK.J.BennettJ.E.TheodoreT.S.Cryptococcus bacillisporus sp. nov.: Serotype BC of Cryptococcus neoformansInt. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol.28616620197810.1099/00207713-28-4-616Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J., Boekhout T., Fell J.W., Diaz M.: Proposal to Conserve the Name Cryptococcus gattii against C. hondurianus and C. bacillisporus (Basidiomycota, Hymenomycetes, Tremellomycetidae). Taxon51, 804–806 (2002)Kwon-ChungK.J.BoekhoutT.FellJ.W.DiazM.Proposal to Conserve the Name Cryptococcus gattii against C. hondurianus and C. bacillisporus (Basidiomycota, Hymenomycetes, Tremellomycetidae)Taxon51804806200210.2307/1555045Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J., Fraser J.A., Doering T.L., Wang Z., Janbon G., Idnurm A., Bahn Y.S.: Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, the Etiologic Agents of Cryptococcosis. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med.4, e019760 (2014)Kwon-ChungK.J.FraserJ.A.DoeringT.L.WangZ.JanbonG.IdnurmA.BahnY.S.Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, the Etiologic Agents of CryptococcosisCold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med.4e019760201410.1101/cshperspect.a019760406663924985132Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J., Perfect J.R., Levitz S.M.: A Chronological History of the International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis (ICCC), an Invaluable Forum for Growth of the Cryptococcal Research Field and Clinical Practice. Mycopathologia173, 287–293 (2012)Kwon-ChungK.J.PerfectJ.R.LevitzS.M.A Chronological History of the International Conference on Cryptococcus and Cryptococcosis (ICCC), an Invaluable Forum for Growth of the Cryptococcal Research Field and Clinical PracticeMycopathologia173287293201210.1007/s11046-011-9481-z22038679Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J., Polacheck I., Bennett J.E. Improved Diagnostic Medium for Separation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (Serotypes A and D) and Cryptococcus Neoformans Var. Gattii (Serotypes B and C). J. Clin. Microbiol.15, 535–537 (1982)Kwon-ChungK.J.PolacheckI.BennettJ.E.Improved Diagnostic Medium for Separation of Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (Serotypes A and D) and Cryptococcus Neoformans Var. Gattii (Serotypes B and C)J. Clin. Microbiol.15535537198210.1128/jcm.15.3.535-537.19822721347042750Search in Google Scholar
Kwon-Chung K.J., Polacheck I., Popkin T.J.: Melanin-Lacking Mutants of Cryptococcus Neoformans and Their Virulence for Mice. J. Bacteriol.150, 1414–1421 (1982)Kwon-ChungK.J.PolacheckI.PopkinT.J.Melanin-Lacking Mutants of Cryptococcus Neoformans and Their Virulence for MiceJ. Bacteriol.15014141421198210.1128/jb.150.3.1414-1421.19822163686804444Search in Google Scholar
Kussell E., Leibler S.: Phenotypic Diversity, Population Growth, and Information in Fluctuating Environments. Science309, 2075–2078 (2005)KussellE.LeiblerS.Phenotypic Diversity, Population Growth, and Information in Fluctuating EnvironmentsScience30920752078200510.1126/science.111438316123265Search in Google Scholar
Kützing F.: Systematische Zusammenstellung Der Niedern Algen-Gattungen Und Arten. Linnaea8, 365 (1833)KützingF.Systematische Zusammenstellung Der Niedern Algen-Gattungen Und ArtenLinnaea83651833Search in Google Scholar
Lei Z., Keming Z., Hang L., Carolina C., Diego S.G., Shun F.M., Xinhua L., Young-Mo K., Wanqing L., Weihua P., Casadevall A.: Cryptococcus Neoformans-Infected Macrophages Release Proinflammatory Extracellular Vesicles: Insight into Their Components by Multi-Omics. MBio12, e00279–21 (2021)LeiZ.KemingZ.HangL.CarolinaC.DiegoS.G.ShunF.M.XinhuaL.Young-MoK.WanqingL.WeihuaP.CasadevallA.Cryptococcus Neoformans-Infected Macrophages Release Proinflammatory Extracellular Vesicles: Insight into Their Components by Multi-OmicsMBio12e0027921202110.1128/mBio.00279-21Search in Google Scholar
Luberto C., Martinez-Mariño B., Taraskiewicz D., Bolaños B., Chitano P., Toffaletti D.L., Cox G.M., Perfect J.R., Hannun Y.A., Balish E., del Poeta M.: Identification of App1 as a Regulator of Phagocytosis and Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Invest.112, 1080–1094 (2003)LubertoC.Martinez-MariñoB.TaraskiewiczD.BolañosB.ChitanoP.ToffalettiD.L.CoxG.M.PerfectJ.R.HannunY.A.BalishE.del PoetaM.Identification of App1 as a Regulator of Phagocytosis and Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformansJ. Clin. Invest.11210801094200310.1172/JCI1830919852814523045Search in Google Scholar
Ma, H., Croudace J.E., Lammas D.A., May R.C.: Expulsion of Live Pathogenic Yeast by Macrophages. Curr. Biol.16, 2156–2160 (2006)MaH.CroudaceJ.E.LammasD.A.MayR.C.Expulsion of Live Pathogenic Yeast by MacrophagesCurr. Biol.1621562160200610.1016/j.cub.2006.09.03217084701Search in Google Scholar
Ma H., Hagen F., Stekel D.J., Johnston S.A., Sionov E., Falk R., Polacheck I., Boekhout T., May R.C.: The Fatal Fungal Outbreak on Vancouver Island Is Characterized by Enhanced Intracellular Parasitism Driven by Mitochondrial Regulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.106, 12980–12985 (2009)MaH.HagenF.StekelD.J.JohnstonS.A.SionovE.FalkR.PolacheckI.BoekhoutT.MayR.C.The Fatal Fungal Outbreak on Vancouver Island Is Characterized by Enhanced Intracellular Parasitism Driven by Mitochondrial RegulationProc. Natl. Acad. Sci.1061298012985200910.1073/pnas.0902963106272235919651610Search in Google Scholar
Malavia D., Lehtovirta-Morley L.E., Alamir O., Weiß E., Gow N.A.R., Hube B., Wilson D.: Zinc Limitation Induces a Hyper-Adherent Goliath Phenotype in Candida albicans. Front Microbiol8, e2238 (2017)MalaviaD.Lehtovirta-MorleyL.E.AlamirO.WeißE.GowN.A.R.HubeB.WilsonD.Zinc Limitation Induces a Hyper-Adherent Goliath Phenotype in Candida albicansFront Microbiol8e2238201710.3389/fmicb.2017.02238569448429184547Search in Google Scholar
Mavor L.A., Thewes S., Hube B.: Systemic Fungal Infections Caused by Candida Species: Epidemiology, Infection Process and Virulence Attributes. Current Drug Targets.6, 863–874 (2005)MavorL.A.ThewesS.HubeB.Systemic Fungal Infections Caused by Candida Species: Epidemiology, Infection Process and Virulence AttributesCurrent Drug Targets.6863874200510.2174/13894500577491273516375670Search in Google Scholar
Maziarz E.K., Perfect J.R.: Cryptococcosis. Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am.30, 179–206 (2016)MaziarzE.K.PerfectJ.R.CryptococcosisInfect. Dis. Clin. North Am.30179206201610.1007/978-3-319-13090-3_15Search in Google Scholar
McClelland EE, Bernhardt P, Casadevall A.: Estimating the Relative Contributions of Virulence Factors for Pathogenic Microbes. Infect. Immun.74, 1500–1504 (2006)McClellandEEBernhardtPCasadevallA.Estimating the Relative Contributions of Virulence Factors for Pathogenic MicrobesInfect. Immun.7415001504200610.1128/IAI.74.3.1500-1504.2006141867816495520Search in Google Scholar
McFadden D., Zaragoza O., Casadevall A.: The Capsular Dynamics of Cryptococcus neoformans. Trends Microbiol.14, 497–505 (2006)McFaddenD.ZaragozaO.CasadevallA.The Capsular Dynamics of Cryptococcus neoformansTrends Microbiol.14497505200610.1016/j.tim.2006.09.00316996739Search in Google Scholar
Meyer W., Castañeda A., Jackson S., Huynh M., Castañeda E.: Molecular Typing of IberoAmerican Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates. Emerg. Infect. Dis. J.9, 189–195 (2003)MeyerW.CastañedaA.JacksonS.HuynhM.CastañedaE.Molecular Typing of IberoAmerican Cryptococcus neoformans IsolatesEmerg. Infect. Dis. J.9189195200310.3201/eid0902.020246290194712603989Search in Google Scholar
Momin M., Webb G.: The Environmental Effects on Virulence Factors and the Antifungal Susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans. Int. J. Mol. Sci.22, e6302 (2021)MominM.WebbG.The Environmental Effects on Virulence Factors and the Antifungal Susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformansInt. J. Mol. Sci.22e6302202110.3390/ijms22126302823080934208294Search in Google Scholar
Mukaremera L., Lee K.K., Wagener J., Wiesner D.L., Gow N.A.R., Nielsen K.: Titan Cell Production in Cryptococcus neoformans Reshapes the Cell Wall and Capsule Composition during Infection. Cell Surf.1, 15–24 (2018)MukaremeraL.LeeK.K.WagenerJ.WiesnerD.L.GowN.A.R.NielsenK.Titan Cell Production in Cryptococcus neoformans Reshapes the Cell Wall and Capsule Composition during InfectionCell Surf.11524201810.1016/j.tcsw.2017.12.001609566230123851Search in Google Scholar
Muzazu S.G.Y., Assefa D.G., Phiri C., Getinet T., Solomon S., Yismaw G., Manyazewal T.: Prevalence of Cryptococcal Meningitis among People Living with Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus and Predictors of Mortality in Adults on Induction Therapy in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Medicine.9, e989265 (2022)MuzazuS.G.Y.AssefaD.G.PhiriC.GetinetT.SolomonS.YismawG.ManyazewalT.Prevalence of Cryptococcal Meningitis among People Living with Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus and Predictors of Mortality in Adults on Induction Therapy in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisFrontiers in Medicine.9e989265202210.3389/fmed.2022.989265949429736160163Search in Google Scholar
Netski D., Kozel T.R.: Fc-Dependent and Fc-Independent Opsonization of Cryptococcus neoformans by Anticapsular Monoclonal Antibodies: Importance of Epitope Specificity. Infect. Immun.70, 2812–2819 (2002)NetskiD.KozelT.R.Fc-Dependent and Fc-Independent Opsonization of Cryptococcus neoformans by Anticapsular Monoclonal Antibodies: Importance of Epitope SpecificityInfect. Immun.7028122819200210.1128/IAI.70.6.2812-2819.200212799412010967Search in Google Scholar
Ngamskulrungroj P., Price J., Sorrell T., Perfect J.R., Meyer W.: Cryptococcus gattii Virulence Composite: Candidate Genes Revealed by Microarray Analysis of High and Less Virulent Vancouver Island Outbreak Strains. PLoS One6, e16076 (2011)NgamskulrungrojP.PriceJ.SorrellT.PerfectJ.R.MeyerW.Cryptococcus gattii Virulence Composite: Candidate Genes Revealed by Microarray Analysis of High and Less Virulent Vancouver Island Outbreak StrainsPLoS One6e16076201110.1371/journal.pone.0016076302096021249145Search in Google Scholar
Nosanchuk J.D., Casadevall A.: Impact of Melanin on Microbial Virulence and Clinical Resistance to Antimicrobial Compounds. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.50, 3519–3528 (2006)NosanchukJ.D.CasadevallA.Impact of Melanin on Microbial Virulence and Clinical Resistance to Antimicrobial CompoundsAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.5035193528200610.1128/AAC.00545-06163521317065617Search in Google Scholar
Noverr M.C., Williamson P.R., Fajardo R.S., Huffnagle G.B.: CNLAC1 Is Required for Extrapulmonary Dissemination of Cryptococcus neoformans but Not Pulmonary Persistence. Infect. Immun.72, 1693–1699 (2004)NoverrM.C.WilliamsonP.R.FajardoR.S.HuffnagleG.B.CNLAC1 Is Required for Extrapulmonary Dissemination of Cryptococcus neoformans but Not Pulmonary PersistenceInfect. Immun.7216931699200410.1128/IAI.72.3.1693-1699.200435601114977977Search in Google Scholar
Odom A., Muir S., Lim E., Toffaletti D.L., Perfect J., Heitman J.: Calcineurin Is Required for Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans. EMBO J.16, 2576–2589 (1997)OdomA.MuirS.LimE.ToffalettiD.L.PerfectJ.HeitmanJ.Calcineurin Is Required for Virulence of Cryptococcus neoformansEMBO J.1625762589199710.1093/emboj/16.10.257611698699184205Search in Google Scholar
Okagaki L.H., Nielsen K.: Titan Cells Confer Protection from Phagocytosis in Cryptococcus neoformans Infections. Eukaryot. Cell11, 820–826 (2012)OkagakiL.H.NielsenK.Titan Cells Confer Protection from Phagocytosis in Cryptococcus neoformans InfectionsEukaryot. Cell11820826201210.1128/EC.00121-12337046122544904Search in Google Scholar
Okagaki L.H., Wang Y., Ballou E.R., O’Meara T.R., Bahn Y., Alspaugh J.A., Xue C., Nielsen K.: Cryptococcal Titan Cell Formation Is Regulated by G-Protein Signaling in Response to Multiple Stimuli. Eukaryot. Cell10, 1306–1316 (2011)OkagakiL.H.WangY.BallouE.R.O’MearaT.R.BahnY.AlspaughJ.A.XueC.NielsenK.Cryptococcal Titan Cell Formation Is Regulated by G-Protein Signaling in Response to Multiple StimuliEukaryot. Cell1013061316201110.1128/EC.05179-11318707121821718Search in Google Scholar
Oliveira F.S., de Sousa H.R., da Silva l.G., dos Santos J., Gorgonha K.C., de Oliveira G.P., Soares M.S., Silva-Pereira F.I., Casadevall A., Moraes N., Albuquerquea P.: Laccase Affects the Rate of Cryptococcus neoformans Nonlytic Exocytosis from Macrophages. MBio11, e02085–20 (2020)OliveiraF.S.de SousaH.R.da Silval.G.dos SantosJ.GorgonhaK.C.de OliveiraG.P.SoaresM.S.Silva-PereiraF.I.CasadevallA.MoraesN.AlbuquerqueaP.Laccase Affects the Rate of Cryptococcus neoformans Nonlytic Exocytosis from MacrophagesMBio11e0208520202010.1128/mBio.02085-20Search in Google Scholar
Olszewski M.A., Noverr M.C., Chen G.H., Toews G.B., Cox G.M., Perfect J.R., Huffnagle G.B.: Urease Expression by Cryptococcus neoformans Promotes Microvascular Sequestration, Thereby Enhancing Central Nervous System Invasion. Am. J. Pathol.164, 1761–1771 (2004)OlszewskiM.A.NoverrM.C.ChenG.H.ToewsG.B.CoxG.M.PerfectJ.R.HuffnagleG.B.Urease Expression by Cryptococcus neoformans Promotes Microvascular Sequestration, Thereby Enhancing Central Nervous System InvasionAm. J. Pathol.16417611771200410.1016/S0002-9440(10)63734-0161567515111322Search in Google Scholar
O’Meara T.R., Alspaugh J.A.: The Cryptococcus neoformans Capsule: A Sword and a Shield. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.25, 387–408 (2012)O’MearaT.R.AlspaughJ.A.The Cryptococcus neoformans Capsule: A Sword and a ShieldClin. Microbiol. Rev.25387408201210.1128/CMR.00001-12341649122763631Search in Google Scholar
O’Meara T.R., Norton D., Price M.S., Hay C., Clements M.F., Nichols C.B., Alspaugh J.A.: Interaction of Cryptococcus neoformans Rim101 and Protein Kinase A Regulates Capsule. PLOS Pathog.6, e1000776 (2010)O’MearaT.R.NortonD.PriceM.S.HayC.ClementsM.F.NicholsC.B.AlspaughJ.A.Interaction of Cryptococcus neoformans Rim101 and Protein Kinase A Regulates CapsulePLOS Pathog.6e1000776201010.1371/journal.ppat.1000776282475520174553Search in Google Scholar
Ost K.S., O’Meara T.R., Huda N., Esher S.K., Alspaugh J.A.: The Cryptococcus neoformans Alkaline Response Pathway: Identification of a Novel Rim Pathway Activator. PLOS Genet.11, e1005159 (2015)OstK.S.O’MearaT.R.HudaN.EsherS.K.AlspaughJ.A.The Cryptococcus neoformans Alkaline Response Pathway: Identification of a Novel Rim Pathway ActivatorPLOS Genet.11e1005159201510.1371/journal.pgen.1005159439310225859664Search in Google Scholar
Park B.J., Wannemuehler K.A., Marston B.J., Govender N., Pappas P.G., Chiller T.M.: Estimation of the Current Global Burden of Cryptococcal Meningitis among Persons Living with HIV/AIDS. AIDS23, 525–530 (2009)ParkB.J.WannemuehlerK.A.MarstonB.J.GovenderN.PappasP.G.ChillerT.M.Estimation of the Current Global Burden of Cryptococcal Meningitis among Persons Living with HIV/AIDSAIDS23525530200910.1097/QAD.0b013e328322ffac19182676Search in Google Scholar
Pasteur L.: Memoire sur la fermentation alcoolique. Ann. Chim. Phys.58, 323–426 (1860)PasteurL.Memoire sur la fermentation alcooliqueAnn. Chim. Phys.583234261860Search in Google Scholar
Pasteur L.: Memoirs sur les corpuscles organises qui existent dans l’atmosphere. Examen de la doctrine des generations spontanees. Ann. Sci. Nat.16, 5–98 (1861)PasteurL.Memoirs sur les corpuscles organises qui existent dans l’atmosphere. Examen de la doctrine des generations spontaneesAnn. Sci. Nat.165981861Search in Google Scholar
Pasteur L.: Sur les maladies virulentes, et en particulier sur la maladie appelee vulgairement cholera des poules. C.R. Acad. Sci.90, 248–249 (1880)PasteurL.Sur les maladies virulentes, et en particulier sur la maladie appelee vulgairement cholera des poulesC.R. Acad. Sci.90248249188010.3406/rmv.1880.3968Search in Google Scholar
Pasteur L.: Mémoire Sur La Fermentation Appelée Lactique (Extrait Par l’auteur). Molecular Medicine1, 599–601 (1995)PasteurL.Mémoire Sur La Fermentation Appelée Lactique (Extrait Par l’auteur)Molecular Medicine1599601199510.1007/BF03401599Search in Google Scholar
Poulin R., Combes C.: The Concept of Virulence: Interpretations and Implications. Parasitol. Today15, 474–475 (1999)PoulinR.CombesC.The Concept of Virulence: Interpretations and ImplicationsParasitol. Today15474475199910.1016/S0169-4758(99)01554-910557145Search in Google Scholar
Pukkila-Worley R., Gerrald Q.D., Kraus P.R., Boily M.J., Davis M.J., Giles S.S., Cox G.M., Heitman J., Alspaugh J.A.: Transcriptional Network of Multiple Capsule and Melanin Genes Governed by the Cryptococcus neoformans Cyclic AMP Cascade. Eukaryot. Cell4, 190–201 (2005)Pukkila-WorleyR.GerraldQ.D.KrausP.R.BoilyM.J.DavisM.J.GilesS.S.CoxG.M.HeitmanJ.AlspaughJ.A.Transcriptional Network of Multiple Capsule and Melanin Genes Governed by the Cryptococcus neoformans Cyclic AMP CascadeEukaryot. Cell4190201200510.1128/EC.4.1.190-201.200554416615643074Search in Google Scholar
Rajasingham R., Smith R.M., Park B.J., Jarvis J.N., Govender N.P., Chiller T.M., Denning D.W., Loyse A., Boulware D.R.: Global Burden of Disease of HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis: An Updated Analysis. Lancet. Infect. Dis.17, 873–881 (2017)RajasinghamR.SmithR.M.ParkB.J.JarvisJ.N.GovenderN.P.ChillerT.M.DenningD.W.LoyseA.BoulwareD.R.Global Burden of Disease of HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis: An Updated AnalysisLancet. Infect. Dis.17873881201710.1016/S1473-3099(17)30243-8581815628483415Search in Google Scholar
Reiko I., Takashi S.S., Takako S.: Laccase and Melanizationin Clinically Important Cryptococcus Species Other than Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Microbiol.40, 1214–1218 (2002)ReikoI.TakashiS.S.TakakoS.Laccase and Melanizationin Clinically Important Cryptococcus Species Other than Cryptococcus neoformansJ. Clin. Microbiol.4012141218200210.1128/JCM.40.4.1214-1218.200214032811923334Search in Google Scholar
Rittershaus P.C., Kechichian T.B., Allegood J.C., Merrill A.H., Hennig M., Luberto C., Del Poeta M.: Glucosylceramide Synthase Is an Essential Regulator of Pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans. J. Clin. Invest.116, 1651–1659 (2006)RittershausP.C.KechichianT.B.AllegoodJ.C.MerrillA.H.HennigM.LubertoC.Del PoetaM.Glucosylceramide Synthase Is an Essential Regulator of Pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformansJ. Clin. Invest.11616511659200610.1172/JCI27890146654816741577Search in Google Scholar
Rizzo J., Wong S.S., Gazi A.D., Moyrand F., Chaze T., Commere P.H., Novault S., Matondo M., Péhau-Arnaudet G., Reis F.C.G., Vos M., Alves L.R., May R.C., Nimrichter L., Rodrigues M.L., Aimanianda V., Janbon G.: Cryptococcus Extracellular Vesicles Properties and Their Use as Vaccine Platforms. J. Extracell. Vesicles10, e12129 (2021)RizzoJ.WongS.S.GaziA.D.MoyrandF.ChazeT.CommereP.H.NovaultS.MatondoM.Péhau-ArnaudetG.ReisF.C.G.VosM.AlvesL.R.MayR.C.NimrichterL.RodriguesM.L.AimaniandaV.JanbonG.Cryptococcus Extracellular Vesicles Properties and Their Use as Vaccine PlatformsJ. Extracell. Vesicles10e12129202110.1002/jev2.12129832999234377375Search in Google Scholar
Rodrigues M.L.: Genus 5. Cryptococcus Kutzing emend. Phaff et Spencer In: Kreger-van Rij NJW (ed) The yeasts: a taxonomic study, 3rd edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 845–872 (1984)RodriguesM.L.Genus 5. Cryptococcus Kutzing emend. Phaff et SpencerIn:Kreger-van RijNJW(ed)The yeasts: a taxonomic study3rd edn.ElsevierAmsterdam8458721984Search in Google Scholar
Rodrigues M.L., Travassos L.R., Miranda K.R., Franzen A.J., Rozental S., de Souza W., Alviano C.S., Barreto-Bergter E.: Human Antibodies against a Purified Glucosylceramide from Cryptococcus neoformans Inhibit Cell Budding and Fungal Growth. Infect. Immun.68, 7049–7060 (2000)RodriguesM.L.TravassosL.R.MirandaK.R.FranzenA.J.RozentalS.de SouzaW.AlvianoC.S.Barreto-BergterE.Human Antibodies against a Purified Glucosylceramide from Cryptococcus neoformans Inhibit Cell Budding and Fungal GrowthInfect. Immun.6870497060200010.1128/IAI.68.12.7049-7060.20009781511083830Search in Google Scholar
Saidykhan L., Correia J., Romanyuk A., Peacock A.F.A., Desanti G.E., Taylor-Smith L., Makarova M., Ballou E.R., May R.C.: An in Vitro Method for Inducing Titan Cells Reveals Novel Features of Yeast-to-Titan Switching in the Human Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus gattii. PLOS Pathog.18, e1010321 (2022)SaidykhanL.CorreiaJ.RomanyukA.PeacockA.F.A.DesantiG.E.Taylor-SmithL.MakarovaM.BallouE.R.MayR.C.An in Vitro Method for Inducing Titan Cells Reveals Novel Features of Yeast-to-Titan Switching in the Human Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus gattiiPLOS Pathog.18e1010321202210.1371/journal.ppat.1010321942692035969643Search in Google Scholar
Sanfelice F.: Contributo Alla Morfologia e Biologia Dei Blastomiceti Che Si Sviluppano Nei Succhi Di Alcuni Frutti. Ann Ig.4, 463–495 (1894)SanfeliceF.Contributo Alla Morfologia e Biologia Dei Blastomiceti Che Si Sviluppano Nei Succhi Di Alcuni FruttiAnn Ig.44634951894Search in Google Scholar
Sanfelice F.: Ueber Die Pathogene Wirkung Der Blastomyceten. Zeitschrift für Hyg. und Infekt.22, 171–200 (1896)SanfeliceF.Ueber Die Pathogene Wirkung Der BlastomycetenZeitschrift für Hyg. und Infekt.22171200189610.1007/BF02288375Search in Google Scholar
Seeliger H.P.R.: The Discovery of Achorion Schoenleinii: Facts and “Stories”: Die Entdeckung Des Achorion Schoenleinii Tatsachen Und „Geschichten”. Mycoses28, 161–182 (1985)SeeligerH.P.R.The Discovery of Achorion Schoenleinii: Facts and “Stories”: Die Entdeckung Des Achorion Schoenleinii Tatsachen Und „Geschichten”Mycoses28161182198510.1111/j.1439-0507.1985.tb02110.xSearch in Google Scholar
Seoane P.I., May R.C.: Vomocytosis: What We Know so Far. Cell. Microbiol.22, e13145 (2020)SeoaneP.I.MayR.C.Vomocytosis: What We Know so FarCell. Microbiol.22e13145202010.1111/cmi.1314531730731Search in Google Scholar
Silva S., Negri M., Henriques M., Oliveira R., Williams D.W., Azeredo J.: Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis: Biology, Epidemiology, Pathogenicity and Antifungal Resistance. FEMS Microbiol. Rev.36, 288–305 (2012)SilvaS.NegriM.HenriquesM.OliveiraR.WilliamsD.W.AzeredoJ.Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis and Candida tropicalis: Biology, Epidemiology, Pathogenicity and Antifungal ResistanceFEMS Microbiol. Rev.36288305201210.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00278.x21569057Search in Google Scholar
Slutsky B., Buffo J., Soll D.R.: High-Frequency Switching of Colony Morphology in Candida albicans. Science230, 666–669 (1985)SlutskyB.BuffoJ.SollD.R.High-Frequency Switching of Colony Morphology in Candida albicansScience230666669198510.1126/science.39012583901258Search in Google Scholar
Slutsky B., Staebell M., Anderson J., Risen L., Pfaller M., Soll D.R.: ‘White-Opaque Transition’: A Second High-Frequency Switching System in Candida albicans. J. Bacteriol.169, 189–197 (1987)SlutskyB.StaebellM.AndersonJ.RisenL.PfallerM.SollD.R.‘White-Opaque Transition’: A Second High-Frequency Switching System in Candida albicansJ. Bacteriol.169189197198710.1128/jb.169.1.189-197.19872117523539914Search in Google Scholar
Soll D.R.: High-Frequency Switching in Candida albicans. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.5, 183–203 (1992)SollD.R.High-Frequency Switching in Candida albicansClin. Microbiol. Rev.5183203199210.1128/CMR.5.2.1833582341576587Search in Google Scholar
Stempinski P.R., Zielinski J.M., Dbouk N.H., Huey E.S., McCormack E.C., Rubin A.M., Chandrasekaran S., Kozubowski L.: Genetic Contribution to High Temperature Tolerance in Cryptococcus neoformans. Genetics217, 1–15 (2021)StempinskiP.R.ZielinskiJ.M.DboukN.H.HueyE.S.McCormackE.C.RubinA.M.ChandrasekaranS.KozubowskiL.Genetic Contribution to High Temperature Tolerance in Cryptococcus neoformansGenetics217115202110.1093/genetics/iyaa009804569533683363Search in Google Scholar
Trevijano-Contador N., de Oliveira H.C., García-Rodas R., Rossi S.A., Llorente I., Zaballos Á., Janbon G., Ariño J., Zaragoza Ó.: Cryptococcus neoformans Can Form Titan-like Cells in Vitro in Response to Multiple Signals. PLOS Pathog.14, e1007007 (2018)Trevijano-ContadorN.de OliveiraH.C.García-RodasR.RossiS.A.LlorenteI.ZaballosÁ.JanbonG.AriñoJ.ZaragozaÓ.Cryptococcus neoformans Can Form Titan-like Cells in Vitro in Response to Multiple SignalsPLOS Pathog.14e1007007201810.1371/journal.ppat.1007007595907329775477Search in Google Scholar
Van Dyke M.C.C., Teixeira M.M., Barker B.M.: Fantastic Yeasts and Where to Find Them: The Hidden Diversity of Dimorphic Fungal Pathogens. Curr. Opin. Microbiol.52, 55–63 (2019)Van DykeM.C.C.TeixeiraM.M.BarkerB.M.Fantastic Yeasts and Where to Find Them: The Hidden Diversity of Dimorphic Fungal PathogensCurr. Opin. Microbiol.525563201910.1016/j.mib.2019.05.00231181385Search in Google Scholar
Van Dyke M.C., Wormley J.F.L.: A Call to Arms: Quest for a Cryptococcal Vaccine. Trends Microbiol.26, 436–446 (2018)Van DykeM.C.WormleyJ.F.L.A Call to Arms: Quest for a Cryptococcal VaccineTrends Microbiol.26436446201810.1016/j.tim.2017.10.002591024629103990Search in Google Scholar
Varma A., Wu S., Guo N., Liao W., Lu G., Li A., Hu Y., Bulmer G., Kwon-Chung K.J.: Identification of a Novel Gene, URE2, That Functionally Complements a Urease-Negative Clinical Strain of Cryptococcus neoformans. Microbiology152, 3723–3731 (2006)VarmaA.WuS.GuoN.LiaoW.LuG.LiA.HuY.BulmerG.Kwon-ChungK.J.Identification of a Novel Gene, URE2, That Functionally Complements a Urease-Negative Clinical Strain of Cryptococcus neoformansMicrobiology15237233731200610.1099/mic.0.2006/000133-017159224Search in Google Scholar
Vecchiarelli A., Pericolini E., Gabrielli E., Chow S.K., Bistoni F., Cenci E., Casadevall A.: Cryptococcus neoformans Galactoxylomannan Is a Potent Negative Immunomodulator, Inspiring New Approaches in Anti-Inflammatory Immunotherapy. Immunotherapy3, 997–1005 (2011)VecchiarelliA.PericoliniE.GabrielliE.ChowS.K.BistoniF.CenciE.CasadevallA.Cryptococcus neoformans Galactoxylomannan Is a Potent Negative Immunomodulator, Inspiring New Approaches in Anti-Inflammatory ImmunotherapyImmunotherapy39971005201110.2217/imt.11.8621843086Search in Google Scholar
Verse M.: Über Einen Full von General Isofierter Blastomycose Beim Menschen. Dtsch. Pathol. Ges.17, 275–278 (1914)VerseM.Über Einen Full von General Isofierter Blastomycose Beim MenschenDtsch. Pathol. Ges.172752781914Search in Google Scholar
Villena S.N., Pinheiro R.O., Pinheiro C.S., Nunes M.P., Takiya C.M., DosReis G.A., Previato J.O., Mendonça-Previato L., Freire-de-Lima C.G.: Capsular Polysaccharides Galactoxylomannan and Glucuronoxylomannan from Cryptococcus neoformans Induce Macrophage Apoptosis Mediated by Fas Ligand. Cell. Microbiol.10, 1274–1285 (2008)VillenaS.N.PinheiroR.O.PinheiroC.S.NunesM.P.TakiyaC.M.DosReisG.A.PreviatoJ.O.Mendonça-PreviatoL.Freire-de-LimaC.G.Capsular Polysaccharides Galactoxylomannan and Glucuronoxylomannan from Cryptococcus neoformans Induce Macrophage Apoptosis Mediated by Fas LigandCell. Microbiol.1012741285200810.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01125.x18284419Search in Google Scholar
Voelz K., Johnston S.A., Smith L.M., Hall R.A., Idnurm A., May R.C.: ‘Division of Labour’ in Response to Host Oxidative Burst Drives a Fatal Cryptococcus gattii Outbreak. Nat. Commun.5, 5194 (2014)VoelzK.JohnstonS.A.SmithL.M.HallR.A.IdnurmA.MayR.C.‘Division of Labour’ in Response to Host Oxidative Burst Drives a Fatal Cryptococcus gattii OutbreakNat. Commun.55194201410.1038/ncomms6194420809525323068Search in Google Scholar
Vogel R.A. The Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test for the Detection of Antibody in Human Cryptococcal Disease. J. Infect. Dis.116, 573–580 (1966)VogelR.A.The Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test for the Detection of Antibody in Human Cryptococcal DiseaseJ. Infect. Dis.116573580196610.1093/infdis/116.5.5735334249Search in Google Scholar
Vuillemin P.: Les Blastomycètes Pathogènes. Rev. Gen. Sci. Pures. Appl.12, 732–751, (1901)VuilleminP.Les Blastomycètes PathogènesRev. Gen. Sci. Pures. Appl.127327511901Search in Google Scholar
Wills E.P., Himmelreich U., Mylonakis E., Rude T., Toffaletti D., Cox G.M., Miller J.L., Perfect J.R.: Characterization and Regulation of the Trehalose Synthesis Pathway and Its Importance in the Pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans. Infect. Immun.74, 5877–5887 (2006)WillsE.P.HimmelreichU.MylonakisE.RudeT.ToffalettiD.CoxG.M.MillerJ.L.PerfectJ.R.Characterization and Regulation of the Trehalose Synthesis Pathway and Its Importance in the Pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformansInfect. Immun.7458775887200610.1128/IAI.00624-06159492416988267Search in Google Scholar
Wilson D.E., Bennett J.E., Bailey J.W.: Serologic Grouping of Cryptococcus neoformans. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.127, 820–823 (1968)WilsonD.E.BennettJ.E.BaileyJ.W.Serologic Grouping of Cryptococcus neoformansProc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.127820823196810.3181/00379727-127-328125651140Search in Google Scholar
Wilson D.: The Role of Zinc in the Pathogenicity of Human Fungal Pathogens, chapter two. Academic Press, 117, 35–61 (2021)WilsonD.The Role of Zinc in the Pathogenicity of Human Fungal Pathogens, chapter twoAcademic Press1173561202110.1016/bs.aambs.2021.09.001Search in Google Scholar
Xie S., Sao R., Braun A., Bottone E.J.: Difference in Cryptococcus neoformans Cellular and Capsule Size in Sequential Pulmonary and Meningeal Infection: A Postmortem Study. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.73, 49–52 (2012)XieS.SaoR.BraunA.BottoneE.J.Difference in Cryptococcus neoformans Cellular and Capsule Size in Sequential Pulmonary and Meningeal Infection: A Postmortem StudyDiagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.734952201210.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.01.00822424901Search in Google Scholar
Xu J., Vilgalys R., Mitchell T.G.: Multiple Gene Genealogies Reveal Recent Dispersion and Hybridization in the Human Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol. Ecol.9, 1471–1481 (2000)XuJ.VilgalysR.MitchellT.G.Multiple Gene Genealogies Reveal Recent Dispersion and Hybridization in the Human Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus neoformansMol. Ecol.914711481200010.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.01021.x11050543Search in Google Scholar
Xudong Z., Gibbons J., Garcia-Rivera J., Casadevall A., Williamson PR.: Laccase of Cryptococcus neoformans Is a Cell Wall-Associated Virulence Factor. Infect. Immun.69, 5589–5596 (2001)XudongZ.GibbonsJ.Garcia-RiveraJ.CasadevallA.WilliamsonPR.Laccase of Cryptococcus neoformans Is a Cell Wall-Associated Virulence FactorInfect. Immun.6955895596200110.1128/IAI.69.9.5589-5596.20019867311500433Search in Google Scholar
Yong-Sun B., Scarlett G.B., Joseph H.: Ssk2 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase Governs Divergent Patterns of the Stress-Activated Hog1 Signaling Pathway in Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot. Cell6, 2278–2289 (2007)Yong-SunB.ScarlettG.B.JosephH.Ssk2 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase Governs Divergent Patterns of the Stress-Activated Hog1 Signaling Pathway in Cryptococcus neoformansEukaryot. Cell622782289200710.1128/EC.00349-07216824317951522Search in Google Scholar
Zaragoza O.: Basic Principles of the Virulence of Cryptococcus. Virulence10, 490–501 (2019)ZaragozaO.Basic Principles of the Virulence of CryptococcusVirulence10490501201910.1080/21505594.2019.1614383655055231119976Search in Google Scholar
Zaragoza O., Casadevall A.: Monoclonal Antibodies Can Affect Complement Deposition on the Capsule of the Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus Neoformans by Both Classical Pathway Activation and Steric Hindrance. Cell. Microbiol.8, 1862–1876 (2006)ZaragozaO.CasadevallA.Monoclonal Antibodies Can Affect Complement Deposition on the Capsule of the Pathogenic Fungus Cryptococcus Neoformans by Both Classical Pathway Activation and Steric HindranceCell. Microbiol.818621876200610.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00753.x16824038Search in Google Scholar
Zaragoza O., Chrisman C.J., Castelli M.V., Frases S., Cuenca-Estrella M., Rodríguez-Tudela J.L., Casadevall A.: Capsule Enlargement in Cryptococcus Neoformans Confers Resistance to Oxidative Stress Suggesting a Mechanism for Intracellular Survival. Cell. Microbiol.10, 2043–2057 (2008)ZaragozaO.ChrismanC.J.CastelliM.V.FrasesS.Cuenca-EstrellaM.Rodríguez-TudelaJ.L.CasadevallA.Capsule Enlargement in Cryptococcus Neoformans Confers Resistance to Oxidative Stress Suggesting a Mechanism for Intracellular SurvivalCell. Microbiol.1020432057200810.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01186.x440538118554313Search in Google Scholar
Zaragoza O., García-Rodas R., Nosanchuk J.D., Cuenca-Estrella M., Rodríguez-Tudela J.L., Casadevall A.: Fungal Cell Gigantism during Mammalian Infection. PLoS Pathog.6, e1000945 (2010)ZaragozaO.García-RodasR.NosanchukJ.D.Cuenca-EstrellaM.Rodríguez-TudelaJ.L.CasadevallA.Fungal Cell Gigantism during Mammalian InfectionPLoS Pathog.6e1000945201010.1371/journal.ppat.1000945288747420585557Search in Google Scholar
Zaragoza O., Nielsen K.: Titan Cells in Cryptococcus Neoformans: Cells with a Giant Impact. Curr. Opin. Microbiol.16, 409–413 (2013)ZaragozaO.NielsenK.Titan Cells in Cryptococcus Neoformans: Cells with a Giant ImpactCurr. Opin. Microbiol.16409413201310.1016/j.mib.2013.03.006372369523588027Search in Google Scholar
Zhou X., Ballou E. R.: The Cryptococcus Neoformans Titan Cell: From In Vivo Phenomenon to In Vitro Model. Curr. Clin. Microbiol. Reports5, 252–260 (2018)ZhouX.BallouE. R.The Cryptococcus Neoformans Titan Cell: From In Vivo Phenomenon to In Vitro ModelCurr. Clin. Microbiol. Reports5252260201810.1007/s40588-018-0107-9Search in Google Scholar