Dominant species drive seasonal dynamics of the fish community in the Min estuary, China
y | 06 mar 2020
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Article Category: Research Article
Publicado en línea: 06 mar 2020
Páginas: 34 - 48
Recibido: 05 may 2019
Aceptado: 21 ago 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ohs-2020-0004
© 2020 Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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Figure 4
Species diversity components and descriptors. xi (i = 1, 2, ..., S ) denotes the abundance of the ith species, N is the total number of individuals in the sample, Pi is the proportion of all individuals belonging to species i, ωij is the “distinctness weight” given to the path length linking species i to the first common node with species j in the hierarchical classification
| Component | Descriptor name | Formula | Expected properties | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Richness | Species density | Standardize species richness per unit area | ||
| Margelef | Adjusted species richness by |
Margelef (1958) | ||
| Evenness | Pielou index | Evenness based on the Shannon-Wiener index |
||
| Heip | Sensitive to rare species | |||
| Heterogeneity | Shannon-Wiener | Sensitive to rare species | ||
| Simpson diversity | Sensitive to dominant species | |||
| Taxonomy | Average taxonomic distinctness | natural extensions taxonomic of Simpson relatedness diversity including | ||
| Variation in taxonomic distinctness | Evenness of the taxonomic level distribution in the taxonomic tree |
Geological and environmental information on sampling locations in different seasons in the Min estuary
| Location | Latitude | Longitude | Water temperature | Salinity | Water depth | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | |||
| 1 | 26.189 | 119.652 | 20.8 | 26.2 | 21.9 | 14.9 | 28.0 | 29.5 | 29.1 | 27.5 | 11.2 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.9 |
| 2 | 26.240 | 119.741 | 21.0 | 27.1 | 21.9 | 14.7 | 30.3 | 32.5 | 29.4 | 31.3 | 10.2 | 13.6 | 13.2 | 11.7 |
| 3 | 26.288 | 119.842 | 20.4 | 26.2 | 21.5 | 15.3 | 32.2 | 33.0 | 28.2 | 33.1 | 20.8 | 18.2 | 19.9 | 19.6 |
| 4 | 26.111 | 119.669 | 21.7 | 26.5 | 22.6 | 15.5 | 25.8 | 29.6 | 25.6 | 27.0 | 10.6 | 11.6 | 8.2 | 9.1 |
| 5 | 26.121 | 119.770 | 20.9 | 27.4 | 21.8 | 16.2 | 30.3 | 31.6 | 28.9 | 32.2 | 12.7 | 11.5 | 10.0 | 13.1 |
| 6 | 26.131 | 119.867 | 20.9 | 25.6 | 22.7 | 15.6 | 23.8 | 32.5 | 29.0 | 34.0 | 19.7 | 23.4 | 22.3 | 22.6 |
| 7 | 26.040 | 119.697 | 21.1 | 27.0 | 22.6 | 14.8 | 23.7 | 25.9 | 19.8 | 27.1 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 8.2 | 9.1 |
| 8 | 26.018 | 119.780 | 21.2 | 27.0 | 22.7 | 14.7 | 28.5 | 31.1 | 16.1 | 32.3 | 13.1 | 12.7 | 14.8 | 15.1 |
| 9 | 25.987 | 119.863 | 22.2 | 26.6 | 22.5 | 13.3 | 20.7 | 31.5 | 30.0 | 36.2 | 18.3 | 22.0 | 19.0 | 17.8 |
| 10 | 25.931 | 119.770 | 22.1 | 27.7 | 22.5 | 13.3 | 25.5 | 31.3 | 23.7 | 31.0 | 15.7 | 16.6 | 13.7 | 14.3 |
| 11 | 25.850 | 119.833 | 21.1 | 26.8 | 22.6 | 13.0 | 30.8 | 34.3 | 25.3 | 33.0 | 25.6 | 24.7 | 24.3 | 24.7 |
List of fish with their taxonomic status, seasonal abundance and biomass in the Min estuary (-- denotes no samples)
| Order | Family | Genus | Species | Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| abundance (ind.) | biomass (g) | abundance (ind.) | biomass (g) | abundance (ind.) | biomass (g) | abundance (ind.) | biomass (g) | ||||
| Carcharhiniformes | Carcharhinidae | -- | -- | 7 | 409.6 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| Rajiformes | Rhinobatidae | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 886.2 | ||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 693.3 | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | 300.0 | 3 | 455.8 | -- | -- | 1 | 351.7 | ||||
| Myliobatiformes | Dasyatidae | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 210.5 | ||
| 1 | 293.0 | 1 | 1468.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | 641.0 | 4 | 1478.5 | 7 | 1987.5 | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | 10018.0 | -- | -- | 2 | 4339.3 | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | 299.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Anguilliformes | Muraenesocidae | 26 | 1120.4 | 52 | 2951.4 | 2 | 245.7 | 7 | 226.5 | ||
| Muraenidae | -- | -- | 2 | 124.6 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Congridae | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 30.0 | |||
| Ophichthidae | 9 | 211.8 | 4 | 151.2 | 11 | 214.3 | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | 6 | 131.4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| -- | -- | 31 | 707.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| -- | -- | 2 | 61.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Lophiiformes | Antennariidae | -- | -- | 2 | 51.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| Gonorynchiformes | Gonorynchidae | -- | -- | 5 | 140.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| Siluriformes | Bagridae | 2 | 238.8 | -- | -- | 5 | 109.3 | 3 | 59.01 | ||
| Clupeiformes | Clupeidae | 49 | 1050.6 | -- | -- | 1 | 88.3 | 6 | 158.9 | ||
| 20 | 312.8 | 1 | 4.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Pristigasteridae | 7 | 160.5 | 1 | 13.4 | 77 | 1913.2 | 4 | 150.7 | |||
| Engraulidae | 110 | 1944.8 | 182 | 2829.6 | 90 | 866.2 | 1 | 3.3 | |||
| 211 | 2422.7 | 19 | 231.5 | 546 | 5261.7 | 1250 | 9977.8 | ||||
| 330 | 1020.0 | 13 | 30.5 | 255 | 2002.1 | 20 | 44.3 | ||||
| 7 | 72.7 | 5 | 13.5 | 15 | 147.2 | -- | -- | ||||
| 2 | 20.1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 24 | 170.7 | ||||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 22.2 | -- | -- | ||||
| 99 | 102.4 | 8 | 21.1 | 8 | 7.3 | -- | -- | ||||
| 30 | 52.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Aulopiformes | Synodontidae | 1 | 3.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| -- | -- | 5 | 6.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 63 | 1505.8 | 1144 | 34623.2 | 2284 | 29280.9 | 279 | 9622.1 | ||||
| 5 | 38.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 4 | 258.2 | 56 | 2738.0 | 1 | 32.4 | 28 | 1612.3 | ||||
| Scorpaeniformes | Scorpaenidae | -- | -- | 1 | 1.7 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 10 | 157.2 | ||||
| Sebastidae | 2 | 1.8 | 4 | 30.2 | 2 | 152 | -- | -- | |||
| Synanceiidae | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1.0 | -- | -- | |||
| Platycephalidae | -- | -- | 7 | 61.4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| 5 | 208.4 | 2 | 108.2 | 4 | 42.8 | 1 | 13.1 | ||||
| 2 | 169.9 | 4 | 52.1 | 1 | 85.2 | -- | -- | ||||
| Triglidae | 328 | 2254.7 | 3 | 82.25 | -- | -- | 3 | 258.7 | |||
| Mugiliformes | Mugilidae | 1 | 28.3 | -- | -- | 2 | 67.4 | -- | -- | ||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 35.0 | ||||
| 1 | 26.9 | 3 | 80.1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Syngnathiformes | Syngnathidae | -- | -- | 1 | 0.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| Fistulariidae | -- | -- | 5 | 13.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Perciformes | Lateolabracidae | -- | -- | -- | -- | 8 | 4273.0 | 5 | 1063.0 | ||
| Leiognathidae | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 7.04 | |||
| -- | -- | 3 | 1.3 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 9.9 | -- | -- | ||||
| 6 | 79.37 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 22.15 | ||||
| 982 | 5120.7 | 1654 | 10399.9 | 299 | 1545.3 | 107 | 282.69 | ||||
| Terapontidae | -- | -- | 1 | 11.1 | 2 | 30.4 | -- | -- | |||
| Siganidae | -- | -- | 4 | 35.35 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | 168 | 1824.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Carangidae | -- | -- | 10 | 340.8 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | 141 | 2661.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 2647 | 6918.6 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Sciaenidae | 1 | 32.1 | 6182 | 20174.7 | 52 | 1345.5 | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 7 | 31.34 | ||||
| -- | -- | 3 | 71.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 6 | 465.3 | -- | -- | 21 | 643.9 | 5 | 405.2 | ||||
| 17 | 1168.3 | 353 | 8112.0 | 3 | 250.8 | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | 100.7 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | 51.9 | 2 | 199.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 6 | 149.3 | 81 | 4839.3 | 54 | 1116.6 | -- | -- | ||||
| 130 | 3563.6 | 38 | 334.0 | 228 | 4161.3 | 544 | 12549.7 | ||||
| 1 | 71.6 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Sparidae | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 428.5 | |||
| 357 | 1268.6 | 122 | 1601.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | 218.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| -- | -- | 6 | 401.8 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Priacanthidae | -- | -- | 156 | 2488.4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Apogonidae | -- | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 7.3 | -- | -- | |||
| 1 | 15.0 | -- | -- | 4 | 8.2 | -- | -- | ||||
| Hapalogenyidae | -- | -- | 1 | 3.8 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| 1 | 11.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Callionymidae | -- | -- | 17 | 148.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | 3 | 21.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Uranoscopidae | -- | -- | 3 | 105.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 47.9 | -- | -- | ||||
| Mullidae | -- | -- | 1524 | 15023.7 | -- | -- | 1 | 17.3 | |||
| Sphyraenidae | -- | -- | 6 | 203.4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Sillaginidae | 2 | 116.1 | 31 | 175.7 | 4 | 149.2 | 26 | 854.8 | |||
| Stromateidae | -- | -- | 4 | 190.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | 10 | 500.6 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 303 | 2227.8 | 24 | 2412.7 | 15 | 2391.2 | 3 | 45.5 | ||||
| -- | -- | 25 | 1108.1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Centrolophidae | 59 | 405.1 | 124 | 4162.3 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Trichiuridae | -- | -- | 8 | 468.5 | 2 | 21.5 | -- | -- | |||
| 1 | 31.6 | 151 | 7776.8 | 20 | 488.2 | 9 | 356.3 | ||||
| Polynemidae | -- | -- | 13485 | 30886.6 | 1929 | 13965.1 | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 234.5 | -- | -- | ||||
| Scombridae | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 2056.1 | 6 | 3987.0 | |||
| 16 | 106.3 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Gobiidae | 3 | 33.6 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| 448 | 2452.1 | 70 | 149.7 | 436 | 1899.4 | 160 | 1169.6 | ||||
| 2 | 25.8 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 29.7 | ||||
| 9 | 108.4 | 60 | 593.9 | 8 | 80.2 | 81 | 840.3 | ||||
| 67 | 1081.7 | 12 | 40.8 | 5 | 26.8 | 1 | 4.5 | ||||
| 3 | 13.4 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 2 | 13.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 29.7 | ||||
| Pleuronectiformes | Paralichthyidae | -- | -- | 15 | 661.3 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||
| 1 | 144.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | 15.7 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Pleuronectidae | 1 | 4.2 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Cynoglossidae | -- | -- | 7 | 71.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| 233 | 8567.4 | 352 | 4290.4 | 145 | 2820.1 | 276 | 6396.6 | ||||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 23.3 | ||||
| 2 | 29.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 10 | 227.7 | ||||
| 1 | 9.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 4.3 | ||||
| 8 | 450.3 | 35 | 1899.2 | 6 | 500.5 | 9 | 631.03 | ||||
| Soleidae | -- | -- | 19 | 191.1 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| Monacanthidae | -- | -- | 78.6 | 328.3 | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| -- | -- | 5 | 33.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| Tetraodontidae | 4 | 118.6 | 4 | 23.9 | -- | -- | 5 | 132.6 | |||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 38.7 | -- | -- | ||||
| 7 | 195.4 | 352 | 3805.1 | 65 | 2333.0 | 11 | 252.1 | ||||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 280.7 | ||||
| -- | -- | 1 | 9.9 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | 5 | 1296.0 | -- | -- | ||||
| -- | -- | 12 | 397.5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 430.79 | ||||
| -- | -- | 616 | 13003.2 | 22 | 1714.7 | -- | -- | ||||
Pianka values (%) of the overlapping ecological niche of dominant species in different seasons
| Species | Season | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| spring | 1.11 | 0.26 | 1.46 | 99.93 | 25.54 | 47.18 | |||
| summer | 33.63 | 54.28 | 61.96 | 21.79 | 67.94 | 13.75 | 20.40 | ||
| autumn | 2.01 | 2.39 | 59.23 | 15.82 | 5.85 | 1.95 | |||
| winter | 33.46 | 34.99 | 21.90 | 24.35 | 23.56 | ||||
| spring | 87.28 | 90.83 | 0.73 | 12.24 | 19.59 | ||||
| summer | 13.26 | 41.35 | 94.70 | 17.54 | 4.63 | 5.07 | |||
| autumn | 8.39 | 53.11 | 19.31 | 19.24 | 23.54 | ||||
| winter | 37.48 | 80.08 | 3.39 | 2.12 | |||||
| summer | 29.78 | 0.91 | 51.16 | 59.84 | 19.48 | ||||
| autumn | 0.47 | 3.06 | 37.21 | 37.00 | |||||
| spring | 93.40 | 0.00 | 2.65 | 14.49 | |||||
| summer | 32.16 | 14.34 | 8.87 | 15.31 | |||||
| autumn | 11.99 | 0.00 | 1.20 | ||||||
| winter | 54.67 | 1.63 | 0.86 | ||||||
| spring | 0.92 | 16.79 | 10.90 | ||||||
| summer | 14.95 | 0.27 | 0.12 | ||||||
| autumn | 6.39 | 7.22 | |||||||
| winter | 0.88 | 0.00 | |||||||
| spring | 24.14 | 45.23 | |||||||
| summer | 19.86 | 0.12 | |||||||
| autumn | 21.41 | ||||||||
| spring | 28.13 | ||||||||
| summer | 18.21 | ||||||||
| winter | 99.99 |
Seasonal variation in multi-component diversity indices of the fish community in the Min estuary
| Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species richness | 64 | 78 | 49 | 46 | |
| 7.137 | 7.547 | 5.452 | 5.643 | ||
| Evenness | 0.556 | 0.401 | 0.515 | 0.503 | |
| 0.144 | 0.061 | 0.134 | 0.123 | ||
| Heterogeneity | 2.311 | 1.745 | 2.005 | 1.924 | |
| 1 − λ | 0.811 | 0.688 | 0.782 | 0.757 | |
| Taxonomy | Δ+ | 78.556 | 58.159 | 74.553 | 73.279 |
| ˄+ | 96.900 | 84.564 | 95.342 | 96.832 | |