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The Taxation of Industrial Foundations in Sweden (1862–2018)

Dan Johansson
Dan Johansson
, 
Mikael Stenkula
Mikael Stenkula
 y 
Niklas Wykman
Niklas Wykman
   | 11 mar 2021
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Article Category: Article
Publicado en línea: 11 mar 2021
Páginas: 1 - 14
Recibido: 10 may 2019
Aceptado: 06 oct 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ntaxj-2019-0006
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© 2019 Dan Johansson et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

The highest and lowest statutory marginal corporate income tax rate, 1862–2018.Note: The statutory marginal corporate income tax rate refers to the total effect of local and state corporate income taxes. The progressive state corporate income tax was replaced by a proportional tax in 1939.Source: Johansson et al. [27] and updated by the authors.
The highest and lowest statutory marginal corporate income tax rate, 1862–2018.Note: The statutory marginal corporate income tax rate refers to the total effect of local and state corporate income taxes. The progressive state corporate income tax was replaced by a proportional tax in 1939.Source: Johansson et al. [27] and updated by the authors.

Figure 2

The inflation rate, 1862–2018.Note: The inflation rates for 1917 (26%) and 1918 (47%) are excluded to increase clarity.Source: http://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/priseroch-konsumtion/konsumentprisindex/konsumentprisindex-kpi/pong/tabell-och-diagram/konsumentprisindex-kpi/inflation-i-sverige/
The inflation rate, 1862–2018.Note: The inflation rates for 1917 (26%) and 1918 (47%) are excluded to increase clarity.Source: http://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/priseroch-konsumtion/konsumentprisindex/konsumentprisindex-kpi/pong/tabell-och-diagram/konsumentprisindex-kpi/inflation-i-sverige/

Figure 3

The marginal effective tax rate (METR), new share issues, and retained earnings, 1862–2018.Source: Own calculation.
The marginal effective tax rate (METR), new share issues, and retained earnings, 1862–2018.Source: Own calculation.

Figure 4

The marginal effective tax rate (METR), new share issues, and retained earnings, 1862–2018, including the cash flow effect.Note: The METR is calculated under the assumption that the foundation has to pay 80% of its net income for charitable purposes. The figure is truncated, and extreme spikes because of inflation (26% in 1917 and 47% in 1918) during World War I are excluded to increase clarity.Source: Own calculation.
The marginal effective tax rate (METR), new share issues, and retained earnings, 1862–2018, including the cash flow effect.Note: The METR is calculated under the assumption that the foundation has to pay 80% of its net income for charitable purposes. The figure is truncated, and extreme spikes because of inflation (26% in 1917 and 47% in 1918) during World War I are excluded to increase clarity.Source: Own calculation.

Figure 5

The marginal effective tax rate (METR), mixed case, 1862–2018.Note: The METR is calculated under the assumption that the foundation has to pay 80% of its net income for charitable purposes. The calculations are made under the assumption that the stock return follows the average pattern in the stock market, that is, that dividend yields account for 40% of the return and price changes (capital gains) for 60%. The figure is truncated, and extreme spikes because of inflation (26% in 1917 and 47% in 1918) during World War I are excluded to increase clarity.Source: Own calculations.
The marginal effective tax rate (METR), mixed case, 1862–2018.Note: The METR is calculated under the assumption that the foundation has to pay 80% of its net income for charitable purposes. The calculations are made under the assumption that the stock return follows the average pattern in the stock market, that is, that dividend yields account for 40% of the return and price changes (capital gains) for 60%. The figure is truncated, and extreme spikes because of inflation (26% in 1917 and 47% in 1918) during World War I are excluded to increase clarity.Source: Own calculations.
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Business and Economics, Business Management, Business Law, Political Economics, Public Finance and Fiscal Theory, Law, History, Philosophy and Sociology of Law, Public Law, Tax and Accounting Law
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