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- Zeitschrift
- eISSN
- 2453-7829
- Erstveröffentlichung
- 16 Apr 2016
- Erscheinungsweise
- 2 Hefte pro Jahr
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Moral Virtues in J. A. Comenius’ Mundus Moralis
Seitenbereich: 119 - 126
Zusammenfassung
The aim of the article is to reconstruct Jan Amos Comenius’ (1592–1670) conception of moral virtues as it is presented in his major work
Schlüsselwörter
- Comenius
- moral virtues
- cardinal virtues
- prudence
- Aristotle
- Aquinas
- Open Access
Egalitarian sexism: Kant’s defense of monogamy and its implications for the future evolution of marriage II
Seitenbereich: 127 - 144
Zusammenfassung
This second part of a two-part series exploring implications of the natural differences between the sexes for the cultural evolution of marriage considers how the institution of marriage might evolve, if Kant’s reasons for defending monogamy are extended and applied to a future culture. After summarizing the philosophical framework for making cross-cultural ethical assessments that was introduced in Part I and then explaining Kant’s portrayal of marriage as an antidote to the objectifying tendencies of sex, I summarize Kant’s reasons for rejecting polygamy and for viewing monogamy as the only ethically acceptable form of marriage. Finally, I argue that if we apply Kantian principles to the real situation of marriage in many modern cultures, and if we wish to maintain a legitimate place for marriage in the future evolution of human culture, then the future evolution of marriage laws must recognize polyfidelity (i.e., plural marriages for both men and women) as being just as legitimate as monogamy.
Schlüsselwörter
- Immanuel Kant
- sexism
- marriage law
- egalitarian ethics
- cross-cultural assessments
- monogamy
- polygamy
- polyfidelity
- Open Access
Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz’s proposal of ethical norms
Seitenbereich: 145 - 154
Zusammenfassung
Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz is known primarily as a logician and methodologist. Ethics was a side discipline to his scientific research, which he lectured at Lvov University in the 1930s. Assuming that ethics is a philosophical science, he tried to systematise its contemplations according to the scientific principles developed at the Lvov–Warsaw School of thought. However, in his research he also took into account the philosophical tradition which recognised ethics as one of the chief branches of philosophy. Ajdukiewicz’s submission of ethics to the requirements of logic was related to an attempt to analyse its core concepts. Consequently, an outline of the original ethical concept was developed, but never developed into a system.
Schlüsselwörter
- Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz
- Kazimierz Twardowski
- analytic philosophy
- the Lvov–Warsaw School
- ethics
- scientific ethics
- Open Access
On the puzzling value of human life
Seitenbereich: 155 - 168
Zusammenfassung
The author examines our conflicting attitudes regarding the proper value of human life. While the main issue initially appears to deal with whether or not human life has an intrinsic (or absolute) value, it turns out that a far more important and complex issue concerns the tension between the equal value of every human life and the differences in the quality of one’s life. The author discusses the views of Kant, Schweitzer, Berlin, Scheler, and then Hartmann, in whose views the author recognizes the most important contributions to this puzzle.
Schlüsselwörter
- antinomies of values
- equal value of human lives
- intrinsic value
- quality of life
- Open Access
Anthropomorphism as a methodological problem of animal ethics (in the memory of Sir Patrick Bateson)
Seitenbereich: 169 - 176
Zusammenfassung
The paper aims to highlight the serious methodological issue of contemporary bioethics (especially topics on the subject of animal ethics). In the discourse on the issue of the pain and suffering of animals and in derived questions, a certain form of anthropomorphism is manifested. Ethical applications of empirical research results that are relevant to humans (or humans as an anatomically and physiologically analogous animal species) are preferred. Subsequently, these extrapolations serve as a criterion for judging the qualitative level of the capabilities of all animals. Serious ethical conclusions are drawn from this reduction.
Schlüsselwörter
- bioethics
- anthropomorphism
- animal behaviour
- pain
- evolution
- Open Access
Theoretical foundations of the Bratislava School of Business Ethics
Seitenbereich: 177 - 186
Zusammenfassung
The aim of this article is to explain the key theoretical foundations of business ethics as a social scientific and academic discipline that was established and further developed at the Faculty of Management at Comenius University in Bratislava. The authors of this article refer to this school of thought as the “Bratislava School of Business Ethics” with the intention of pointing out its relative autonomy in research and higher education in the Slovak academic environment.
Schlüsselwörter
- integrative business ethics
- Bratislava School of Business Ethics
- ethical rationality
- economical rationality
- ethical behavior
- unethical conduct
- managerial ethics
- Open Access
The problem of indoctrination, with a focus on moral education
Seitenbereich: 187 - 198
Zusammenfassung
Indoctrination is a large and important issue in (not only moral) education. It is considered to be one of the capital pedagogical faults. However, the question is, what does it mean to indoctrinate? Educators from the liberal camp of the educational spectrum have had the tendency to criticize the traditional approach as “indoctrinational.” On the other hand, proponents of the traditional approach object that if indoctrination were defined properly then even the liberal approach would not be immune. This raises two fundamental questions that will be the subject of this study: a) what exactly does it mean to indoctrinate? b) is education without indoctrination even possible?
Schlüsselwörter
- education
- indoctrination
- liberal approach
- traditional approach
- rationality