Volumen 43 (2016): Heft 1 (September 2016)

This paper provides a list of intracellular isozyme systems of Trichaptum abietinum (J. Dicks.) Ryvarden (Basidiomycetes) that can be used for population studies. Population structure of the fungus within the Carpathian National Nature Park (CNNP) was established. Percent of polymorphic loci in general was 83.3%. Groups of rare alleles were assigned Sod⁸⁸, Sod¹³⁸, Sdh1⁹¹, and Est¹¹¹. Calculated Wright's fixation index allowed establishing privilege of the heterozygotes on locus Acp and homozygotes on locus Sod. The population of T. abietinum in the CNNP was in equilibrium state.

The work presents the results of herbarium survey that resulted in finding Botrychium simplex E. Hitchc. – a new for the native Ukrainian flora species of the family Ophioglossaceae. A specimen of this taxon was found in the National Herbarium of Ukraine in the M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Kyiv (KW) among the specimens of Botrychium lunaria (L.) Sw. originating from the surroundings of Kharkiv. Thus, this finding indicates the most south-eastern locality of B. simplex in Europe found so far.

The subject of this study is to analyse changes in the taxonomic structure and development intensity of phytoplankton and, thus, to determine the diversity of cyanobacteria and algae along with the trophy state of two oxbow lakes in the Wrocław area (south-western Poland). The analysis of samples and data from previous years showed a total of 244 cyanobacteria and algae species within these two lakes. The species composition changed significantly in both of them – there were found 90 species new to the studied flora (37% of current flora) and 74 species which were previously recorded. The diversity of cyanobacteria and algae reflects the conditions in these water bodies and each change in ecological conditions (e.g., anthropological dangers) is reflected by a change in the phytoplankton assemblage structure. Consequently, knowledge of taxonomic diversity is useful in monitoring water bodies to preserve them in good conditions. Both studied oxbow lakes belong to eutrophic ecosystems as evidenced by their phycoflora, which is rich in species characteristic of high-trophy water, and recorded water blooms. The analysis of changes in cyanobacterial and algal assemblages in these lakes was also a basis for determining their trophy and finding it to be progressively eutrophic. Regular phycological studies of Wrocław numerous water bodies are essential and, in the future, will allow us to protect them and to react quickly in case of danger to these ecosystems. It will also allow us to study eutrophication processes in the water bodies that are crucial to the city.

The paper presents a study on the distribution of wild roses and hawthorns in the town of Piła (NW Poland). The main purpose of the study was to provide a full list of wild Crataegus and Rosa taxa growing in the researched area. Field studies (2014-2015) and formerly published data made it possible to recognize 19 taxa, among them 14 native taxa (including two rose nothospecies), 4 anthropophytes and 1 hybrid. Eleven new taxa were found in the explored area during the studies. These were: Crataegus rhipidophylla, C. × macrocarpa, C. × subsphaericea, C. × media ‘Rubra Plena’, Rosa majalis, R. villosa, R. rubiginosa, R. × subcollina, R. glauca, R. rugosa, R. multiflora and interspecific hybrid Rosa canina × R. rubiginosa.

The paper presents results of a study on the population structure of the orchid Liparis loeselii growing in the Warta River valley peat bog in Myszków (Woźnicko-Wieluńska Upland, S. Poland). Individuals of L. loeselii occurred in patches of Menyantho trifoliatae-Sphagnetum teretis and Eleocharitetum pauciflorae – associations. The demographic structure of L. loeselii populations was described by variations in plant height, the length and width of leaves and the number of flowers of the constituting individuals. It was observed that habitat conditions such as conductivity, pH and the percentage cover of tall perennials had the strongest effect on the structure of L. loeselii populations.

The study areas, located in northern and western Poland, comprised 30 villages of the Lubuskie Lakeland region and 18 in central Pomerania. A total number of recorded associations and local communities of similar rank was counted as 243. In the list prevailed natural and seminatural communities. The endangered associations composed about 47.3% of the whole list of communities. Altogether, 8 communities, assessed as directly endangered, occurred in the villages or their vicinity. Comparison of plant communities of both regions revealed that the structure of vegetation shows many affinities, while the differences are more of qualitative than quantitative character. The diversity of vegetation of rural landscapes was slightly higher in the central Pomerania. The rural landscape of Lubuskie Lakeland was more transformed, richer in ruderal communities, whereas in Pomerania more represented were natural and seminatural communities. The rural landscape of both studied areas is still rich and diversified but recently undergoes transformations leading to its impoverishment and unification as a result of either abandonment of land use or its intensification and new forms of human impact.