<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The contemporary models of city shaping introduce the principles of sustainable design. The possibilities for a resilient urban ecosystem, improving the parameters defining the urban environment as well as improving social integration are related to the modern way of designing a functional and spatial structure that forms an inseparable whole with the natural system as part of concepts, such as green and blue infrastructure. In urban planning, regenerativity provides a development of the eco cities and smart cities concept. For both of these types of cities, their functions need to be defined, as well modern, pro-environmental parameters must be specified relating to building developments and infrastructure of urban areas in connection with the natural system of the city. Problem areas concerning the transformation of urbanized areas are being indicated. These concerns refer to the problem of the revitalization of degraded areas in the city, “field reserves” in extensive development and in areas related to technical infrastructure and public transport. The characteristics of the resilient and regenerative design model lead to the definition of planning guidelines for the needs of new standards for shaping the functional and spatial structure associated with the city’s natural system. The issues of transformations of urbanized areas, with reference to defining the connection of buildings with biologically active areas and infrastructure in the city, are indicated.</abstract>

Re-Urbanization in a Model of Sustainable Development of an Eco-City

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The article aims to present the research results on the possibility of using alternative energy sources and pro-ecological solutions as a tool supporting the protection of the cultural and natural landscape of the suburbs of Warsaw. Near Warsaw, there are individual objects or complexes that constitute this area’s cultural identity. The difficulty is to adapt them to current energy standards without interfering with their original material, especially concerning wooden buildings. Instead of subjecting them to thermal modernization, it is worth considering alternative solutions, such as photovoltaics. A wooden manor house in Warsaw-Białołęka was selected for detailed research. The study has shown that the optimal use of 26 photovoltaic modules that were adopted with a total installation capacity of 7.54 kWp will be optimal for this type of edifice. The simple payback time of the investment will be about ten years. To eliminate the negative aesthetic effect of the installation, panels in the appropriate color should be used, or the use of photovoltaic tiles should be considered, although the investment costs will increase. The study has shown indisputable benefits, including economic ones, resulting from the solutions used.</abstract>

Use of Renewable Energy Sources as a Tool Supporting the Protection of Cultural Values of Warsaw’s Suburbs: Case Study of Manor in Warsaw-Białołęka

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">This article is devoted to experimental researches of the reinforced concrete beams strengthened by a RC jacketing under load. The program of experimental researches of reinforced concrete beams was envisaged to test four series with a total number of 16 beams 2,100 mm long, of which 14 reinforced beams were additionally pre-loaded. In all experimental samples the longitudinal working reinforcement were steel bars of 2 ∅14 mm А500С. The beams were reinforced by jacketing with the use of two unstressed reinforcement rods of 2 ∅10 A500C mm. To simulate the real life conditions, the loading levels of 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of the non-strengthened beam bearing capacity were maintained during jacketing. The strengthening effect decreased from 92 to 76% depending on the actual load level (30–90% of the load-bearing capacity of non-strengthened beams). The results of the study could be taken into account in designing reinforced concrete beams strengthened by a RC jacketing under previous loading.</abstract>

RC Beams Strengthened By RC Jacketing Under Load

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The paper describes changes of strength of steel anchors depending on the diameter of the drill hole, the crack width and presence of plastic and steel fibres. Tests were carried out on C20/25 concrete bases with two specific fibre admixtures. Two types of anchors were selected for the tests: stud and sleeve anchors with M12 diameter, for their frequent application in construction. Steelbet 50/0.8 fibres affect the strength of the connections which use stud anchors, reducing the pullout resistance by ca. 10% in non-cracked C20/25 concrete. For cracked concrete with crack width of 0.30 mm and connections using stud anchors, no effect of using steel fibres was found, a 30% increase in strength was found for connections using stud anchors and the minimum drill hole diameter and a 20% reduction in strength for the maximum drill hole diameter, as compared to the minimum diameter. For sleeve anchors, reductions and an increase of 10% in strength were observed. The obtained results indicate a need to develop assessment criteria for effects of external factors in the form of steel fibre admixtures.</abstract>

Impact of Plastic and Steel Fibre Reinforcement on the Strength of Steel Anchors

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">This paper discusses the design, execution and economic aspect of building investments such as roads located in mining impact areas. The main identified variables include material items, road investment structure safety and economic analysis of the proposed solutions. Details of design guidelines, including geo-synthetic materials, are presented which meet the initial assumptions for a road structure, such as relevant interaction with adverse mining impact of the subsoil. The presented structure protection and reinforcement solutions are analysed for mining areas of Categories II, III and IV. The expected knowledge of the road structure use and the forecasted mining impact based on material guidelines concerning technical use of each group of geo-synthetics provides a computational model of the whole investment cost, discussed in the paper. The nature of the issue is interdisciplinary, and includes the aspects of geo-synthetic materials technology, road structure design, geotechnical analysis, stochastic processes, econometrics and reliable source data to forecast the operating impact of mines on the analysed urbanised transport areas.</abstract>

Faculty of Materials, Civil and Environmental Engineering

Economic Analysis for Technical and Executive Projects with Geosynthetic Materials for the Protection of Linear Structures in the Mining Areas

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Distribution of internal forces in bar structures in relation to rotational flexibility of their nodes is widely discussed in the literature. However, the investigations concerning such structures with nodes flexible in terms of shift are less frequent. This paper presents examples of structures, in which the shift flexibility of lap joints determined their load-bearing capacity and stability, as well as the serviceability limit states. A low-rise dome, a covering of the exhibition hall in Chorzów, which collapsed in 2006, and a mobile telephony tower were depicted. Mechanical models describing rotational stiffness and shift flexibility of various lap joints by means of component method were used. Mathematical model by Kishi and Chen was applied to model the susceptibility of lap joints under alternating loads. In case of the low-rise dome, the results indicated that the failure was determined by joint clearances. In case of covering of the exhibition hall in Chorzów, flexibility of joints resulted in excessive utilization of resistance in certain lattice purlins, which could have initiated the disaster. In turn, flexibility of connections rarely considered in the design of mobile phone towers may result in an excessive sway of the tower legs on which the antennas of the radio link are suspended and thus interfere transmitted signals. The study showed that there is a need to take into account the influence of flexible nodes, not only in the structures sensible to deformations like low-rise domes, but also in the other structures, like mobile phone towers, in which their serviceability limit state is decisive.</abstract>

Strength and Stability of Structures with Nodes Flexible in Terms of Shift

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The internal forces and stresses were analyzed and utilization of the design resistance in selected members of the roof structure with local and global geometrical imperfections was evaluated. Values of these imperfections were based on the information given in the standards EN 1090-2 and EN 1993-1-1. Besides the basic reference model with imperfections, models without imperfections, with different equivalent load arrangements by the authors’ own concept and comparatively according to the standard EN 1993-1-1 were analyzed. The calculations were made using the 1st and the 2nd order analysis. Conclusion concerning accuracy of the internal forces estimation and limit states check by use the equivalent load system proposed in the standard EN 1993-1-1 are presented. Deficiencies in the provisions of this standard in terms of adopting equivalent loads in roof structures with imperfections, resulting in underestimation of the stresses in the bottom chords of the roof trusses, has been demonstrated.</abstract>

Analysis of Load Capacity of Roof Trusses with Imperfections and the Issue of Equivalent Load Adoption

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">The paper indicates the possible range of applications of investigation of measures of vibration energy propagation, used in modeling of vibration processes and methods of modal analysis in the area of research methodology and detailed methodologies of technical sciences. Theoretical analyzes and practical verification of results of testing of many different materials and structures indicate a wide range of applications of the described achievements. Recognizing the need to improve methods of testing of building structures in order to assess their degradation state, this work presents generalized, significant results of a research procedure within the scope of verification of the effectiveness of the developed methodologies for detailed application of vibration measures in simulation, bench and operation tests.</abstract>

Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW

Main Elements of Investigation of Measures of Vibration Energy Propagation in Structures

<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Visualization models have accompanied the designing of buildings and structures since ancient times. Their purpose has been to give the investor an idea of what a building and different solutions applied in it would look like. To this end, models of different materials were built. But as technology progresses, it became possible to create new visualization tools and methods. Initially, drawing boards were replaced by computer programs referred to as computer-aided design (CAD), which supported the design process. They facilitated the creation of sets of lines and simple planes. With time, the designers increasingly felt the need to shape not just rectilinear but also curvilinear objects by means of computers. This is when parametrization came in handy. Parameters constitute a set of variables which can be shaped while keeping the interdependencies between them. Parametric modelling gave rise to the building information modelling (BIM). Now, a virtual model can not only be shaped in a digital environment but also enriched with different information. This way it not only has a geometry but also a structure. It was also assigned other data allowing identification of the material or technology used to erect a building or a structure. Parametrized elements of a building provide information about their number, purchase cost or physical properties. Parameters allow making quick and seamless corrections. Thanks to the application of advanced technologies, designers from different areas can keep track of these changes. Following accepting them, one can easily generate a complete set of technical documents and use them in a digital or paper format at a construction site. Parametrization makes it possible to erect buildings and structures that would have been impossible to design in the past. Today, every designer either already uses parametric modelling or will start using it sooner or later.</abstract>

Developing Software for Parametric Modelling of Buildings and Structures for the Purposes of BIM

AHEAD OF PRINT

Volume 21 (2022): Issue 2 (June 2022)

Volume 21 (2022): Issue 1 (March 2022)

Volume 20 (2021): Issue 4 (December 2021)

Volume 20 (2021): Issue 3 (September 2021)

Volume 20 (2021): Issue 2 (June 2021)

Volume 20 (2021): Issue 1 (March 2021)

Volume 19 (2020): Issue 4 (December 2020)

Volume 19 (2020): Issue 3 (September 2020)

Volume 19 (2020): Issue 2 (June 2020)

Volume 19 (2020): Issue 1 (March 2020)

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Architectura

 Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Architectura aims to provide a multidisciplinary forum for researchers, designers, engineers and administration staff, involved in different fields of architecture and civil engineering. The topics include but are not limited to:    sustainable architecture  construction materials and products  mathematical modelling  soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering  environmental aspects of civil engineering  technology &amp; management of construction processes  spatial development and land use planning   Archiving  Sciendo archives the contents of this journal in Portico - digital long-term preservation service of scholarly books, journals and collections.  Plagiarism Policy  The editorial board is participating in a growing community of Similarity Check System's users in order to ensure that the content published is original and trustworthy. Similarity Check is a medium that allows for comprehensive manuscripts screening, aimed to eliminate plagiarism and provide a high standard and quality peer-review process. 