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Preliminary study on antimicrobial activities of skin mucus from by-catch of Elasmobranch species

Elif Özlem Arslan Aydoğdu
Elif Özlem Arslan Aydoğdu
, 
Mert Kesiktaş
Mert Kesiktaş
, 
Nazmiye Ozlem Sanli
Nazmiye Ozlem Sanli
, 
Nihal Doğruöz Güngör
Nihal Doğruöz Güngör
, 
Serap Sancar
Serap Sancar
, 
Taner Yildiz
Taner Yildiz
 und 
Emre Yemişken
Emre Yemişken
   | 28. Juni 2023
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Article Category: Original research paper
Online veröffentlicht: 28. Juni 2023
Seitenbereich: 137 - 146
Eingereicht: 13. Juni 2022
Akzeptiert: 08. März 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26881/oahs-2023.2.01
© 2023 Elif Özlem Arslan Aydoğdu et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

The effects of D. pastinaca mucus on cell viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. The *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus control cells.
The effects of D. pastinaca mucus on cell viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. The *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus control cells.

Figure 2

The effects of M. aquila mucus on cell viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. The *p < 0.05 versus control cells.
The effects of M. aquila mucus on cell viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. The *p < 0.05 versus control cells.

Figure 3

The effects of R. clavata mucus on cell viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. The *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus control cells.
The effects of R. clavata mucus on cell viability of 3T3 fibroblast cells. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. The *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus control cells.

Figure 4

SDS-PAGE of mucus and skin extracts of R. clavata, D. pastinaca, and M. aquila. 40 μg mucoproteins of each sample were denaturated, loaded and separated on the 12% SDS-PAGE gels under 120 volts. The gels were fixed and then stained in 0.1% (v/v) Coomassie blue R-250. The weight of each protein band was calculated according to the weight of known proteins in the standard (S) loaded into the first well.
SDS-PAGE of mucus and skin extracts of R. clavata, D. pastinaca, and M. aquila. 40 μg mucoproteins of each sample were denaturated, loaded and separated on the 12% SDS-PAGE gels under 120 volts. The gels were fixed and then stained in 0.1% (v/v) Coomassie blue R-250. The weight of each protein band was calculated according to the weight of known proteins in the standard (S) loaded into the first well.

Growth inhibition rates (%) of tested strains by the acidic mucus extract of R. clavata

Test microorganisms The concentration of mucus extracts (μg μl-1) Negative Control (cfu ml-1)
50 25 12.5 6.25
E. coli ATCC 25922 > 99.999 > 99.699 > 99.999 > 99.999 2.23 × 1012
S. aureus ATCC 6538 2.57 × 1011
P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 95.100 94.869 2.98 × 1013
MRSA ATCC 33591 41.539 29.039 1.24 × 1011
VRE ATCC 51299 99.469 98.799 63.179 32.279 1.89 × 1012
C. albicans ATCC 10231 > 99.999 > 99.999 > 99.999 > 99.999 6.90 × 1011

Isolates from epidermal mucus of fish species and their rates of antimicrobial activity

Species Number of colony (cfu ml-1) Number of isolates Antimicrobial activity rates of isolates (%)
Dasyatis pastinaca 2442.5 ± 67.4 64 0
Myliobatis aquila 3665 ± 123.2 78 2
Raja clavata 37.5 ± 1.8 22 5

Growth inhibition rates (%) of tested strains by the acidic mucus extract of D. pastinaca

Test Microorganisms The concentration of mucus extracts (μg μl-1) Negative Control (cfu ml-1)
50 25 12.5 6.25
E. coli ATCC 25922 73.729 60.169 43.019 7.609 7.23 × 1013
S. aureus ATCC 6538 99.149 85.409 60.579 52.159 2.09 × 1013
P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 > 99.859 > 92.479 43.699 37.399 2.38 × 1014
MRSA ATCC 33591 > 99.939 > 99.609 99.229 98.089 3.87 × 1014
VRE ATCC 51299 91.249 75.469 24.499 NR 2.49 × 1010
C. albicans ATCC 10231 > 99.999 > 99.999 > 99.999 > 99.969 8.35 × 1011

Growth inhibition rates (%) of tested strains by the acidic mucus extract of M. Aquila

Test Microorganisms The concentration of mucus extracts (μg μl-1) Negative Control (cfu ml-1)
50 25 12.5 6.25
E. coli ATCC 25922 99.939 99.909 99.859 78.569 7.23 × 1013
S. aureus ATCC 6538 99.779 97.629 84.499 78.809 2.09 × 1013
P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 > 97.599 > 94.669 90.889 89.079 2.38 × 1014
MRSA ATCC 33591 > 96.539 > 92.799 89.769 87.189 3.87 × 1014
VRE ATCC 51299 99.959 98.579 NR NR 2.49 × 1010
C. albicans ATCC 10231 > 99.999 > 99.999 > 99.999 > 99.989 8.35 × 1011
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