Uneingeschränkter Zugang

Knowledge of Healthcare Workers Regarding Road Traffic Child Safety in South Bačka District, Serbia

Smiljana Rajčević
Smiljana Rajčević
, 
Vladimir Vuković
Vladimir Vuković
, 
Mirjana Štrbac
Mirjana Štrbac
, 
Tatjana Pustahija
Tatjana Pustahija
, 
Sonja Šušnjević
Sonja Šušnjević
, 
Ivana Radić
Ivana Radić
, 
Radmila Petrović
Radmila Petrović
, 
Marijana Jovanović
Marijana Jovanović
 und 
Mioljub Ristić
Mioljub Ristić
   | 20. März 2024
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Article Category: Original scientific article
Online veröffentlicht: 20. März 2024
Seitenbereich: 89 - 99
Eingereicht: 22. Sept. 2023
Akzeptiert: 19. Feb. 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2024-0013
Schlüsselwörter
© 2024 Smiljana Rajčević et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

General characteristics of the participants based on the department’s activity.

Total (n=317) Paediatric activity (n=90) Total (n=317) p-value1
Sex
male 42 (13.3) 7 (7.8) 35 (15.4) 0.07
female 275 (86.7) 83 (92.2) 192 (84.6)
Age, mean (SD) 40.2 (11.7) 40.7 (11.7) 40.1 (11.7) 0.622
Age category
19–29 years 67 (21.1) 18 (20) 49 (21.6) 0.83
30–39 years 85 (26.8) 22 (24.5) 63 (27.8)
40–49 years 91 (28.7) 29 (32.2) 62 (27.3)
50–65 years 74 (23.4) 21 (23.3) 53 (23.3)
Number of underage children
none 189 (59.6) 52 (57.8) 137 (60.3) 0.905
one 56 (17.7) 17 (18.9) 39 (17.2)
two or more 72 (22.7) 21 (23.3) 51 (22.5)
Level of healthcare institution
primary 212 (66.9) 38 (42.2) 174 (76.7) <0.001
secondary 36 (11.3) 3 (3.3) 33 (14.5)
tertiary 69 (21.8) 49 (54.5) 20 (8.8)
Profession
doctor 86 (27.1) 13 (14.5) 73 (32.2) <0.001
nurse 188 (59.3) 56 (62.2) 132 (58.2)
high/higher nurse 43 (13.6) 21 (23.3) 22 (9.7)
Years of work, mean (SD) 15.9 (11.6) 17.4 (11.8) 15.2 (11.5) 0.088
Years of work category
<1 year 17 (5.4) 3 (3.3) 14 (6.2) 0.133
1–5 years 71 (22.4) 22 (24.5) 49 (21.6)
6–20 years 124 (39.1) 28 (31.1) 96 (42.3)
>20 years 105 (33.1) 37 (41.1) 68 (29.9)
Counselling about RTI prevention during work time
yes 29 (9.2) 10 (11.1) 19 (8.4) 0.445
no 288 (90.8) 80 (88.9) 208 (91.6)
Participation in road safety education in the past 3 years
yes 41 (12.9) 18 (20.0) 23 (10.1) 0.018
no 276 (87.1) 72 (80.0) 204 (89.9)

Number of correct answers based on general characteristics of the study participants.

Total, mean (SD) Paediatric activity, mean (SD) Other medical activity, mean (SD) p-value1
Sex
male 21.6 (4.9) 20.9 (5.9) 21.8 (4.7) 0.72
female 22.4 (3.8) 23.5 (3.1) 22.0 (4.0) <0.001
Age category
19–29 years 21.5 (4.1) 21.3 (4.3) 21.6 (4.1) 0.992
30–39 years 22.7 (4.0) 24.5 (2.8) 22.1 (4.2) 0.023
40–49 years 22.6 (3.9) 23.8 (2.1) 22.1 (4.4) 0.054
50–65 years 22.2 (3.9) 23.1 (4.1) 21.8 (3.8) 0.092
Number of underage children
none 21.7 (4.2) 22.8 (3.8) 21.3 (4.2) 0.002
one 23.6 (3.3) 24.1 (2.4) 23.5 (3.6) 0.863
two or more 22.9 (3.7) 23.9 (3.0) 22.6 (3.9) 0.167
Level of healthcare institution
primary 21.6 (4.2) 22.6 (3.6) 21.3 (4.3) 0.042
secondary 23.4 (2.4) 24.0 (1.0) 23.4 (2.5) 0.641
tertiary 24.1 (3.1) 23.8 (3.3) 24.8 (2.6) 0.343
Profession
doctor 22.8 (3.6) 23.9 (2.5) 22.6 (3.8) 0.288
nurse 21.9 (4.2) 23.1 (3.7) 21.5 (4.4) 0.007
high/higher nurse 23.0 (3.2) 23.5 (3.2) 22.5 (3.3) 0.135
Years of work category
<1 year 22.3 (4.5) 22.7 (0.6) 22.2 (4.9) 0.941
1–5 years 21.7 (4.3) 22.1 (4.5) 21.6 (4.2) 0.545
6–20 years 22.9 (3.7) 24.3 (2.2) 22.5 (4.0) 0.024
>20 years 22.1 (3.9) 23.3 (3.4) 21.4 (4.0) 0.006
Counselling about RTI prevention during work time
yes 22.4 (4.7) 24.3 (3.8) 21.4 (4.9) 0.07
no 22.3 (3.9) 23.2 (3.4) 22.0 (4.0) 0.008
Participation in road safety education in the past 3 years
yes 22.2 (4.9) 24.6 (2.3) 20.3 (5.6) 0.013
no 22.3 (3.8) 23.0 (3.6) 22.1 (3.9) 0.035

Univariate and multivariate analyses of association between personal characteristics of HCW and performance in the knowledge test.

Coef. 95% CI p-value Model 1 Model 2
Coef. 95% CI p-value Coef. 95% CI p-value
Sex
male ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
female 0.81 −0.49–2.11 0.219 0.63 −0.66–1.92 0.336 0.8 −0.43–2.04 0.203
Age, mean (SD) 0.01 −0.03–0.05 0.581 0.01 −0.03–0.05 0.628 0.04 0.01–0.08 0.02
Age category
19–29 years ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
30–39 years 1.21 −0.06–2.49 0.063 1.22 −0.04–2.49 0.057 1.19 −0.15–2.53 0.081
40–49 years 1.14 −0.12–2.40 0.075 1.07 −0.17–2.32 0.091 1.49 0.15–2.83 0.03
50–65 years 0.7 −0.62–2.01 0.3 0.67 −0.63–1.98 0.309 1.63 0.33–2.93 0.014
Number of underage children
none ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. - - -
one 1.95 0.78–3.12 0.001 1.91 0.75–3.07 0.001 - - -
two or more 1.25 0.19–2.32 0.021 1.23 0.18–2.28 0.022 - - -
Level of healthcare institution
primary ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. - - -
secondary 1.88 0.52–3.24 0.007 1.94 0.57–3.30 0.005 - - -
tertiary 2.51 1.47–3.56 <0.001 2.21 1.01–3.40 <0.001 - - -
Profession
doctor ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
nurse −0.82 −1.84–0.19 0.112 −1.03 −2.05–(−0.02) 0.046 −1.54 −2.53–(−0.55) 0.002
high/higher nurse 0.22 −1.24–1.68 0.766 −0.27 −1.74–1.21 0.723 −0.17 −1.55–1.21 0.813
Department’s main activity
Paediatric activity 1.37 0.40–2.33 0.006 - - - 0.4 −0.64–1.43 0.449
Other medical activity ref. ref. ref. - - - ref. ref. ref.
Years of work −0.01 −0.04–0.03 0.771 −0.01 −0.05–0.03 0.592 0.02 −0.02–0.06 0.331
Years of work category
<1 year ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
1–5 years −0.55 −2.66–1.56 0.61 −0.75 −2.83–1.34 0.481 −0.32 −2.34–1.71 0.757
6–20 years 0.59 −1.43–2.61 0.564 0.52 −1.47–2.51 0.609 1.08 −0.10–3.16 0.308
>20 years −0.25 −2.29–1.79 0.812 −0.51 −2.53–1.51 0.619 0.65 −1.35–2.66 0.521
Counselling about RTI prevention during work time
yes ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
no −0.1 −1.63–1.43 0.896 −0.01 −1.52–1.50 0.99 −0.02 −1.49–1.44 0.976
Participation in road safety education in the past 3 years
yes ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref. ref.
no 0.17 −1.14–1.48 0.795 0.42 −0.88–1.73 0.524 0.52 −0.74–1.78 0.418

Number of correct answers by study participants and across the department’s main medical activity.

Total, n (%) Paediatric activity (n=90) Other medical activity (n=227) p-value1
Total correct answers on test, mean (SD) 22.3 (4.0) 23.3 (3.4) 21.9 (4.1) 0.002
How many people die every year as a result of traffic accidents in the world? 151 (47.6) 53 (58.9) 98 (43.2) 0.012
Leading cause of death for children and young adults aged 5–29 years in the world? 267 (84.2) 73 (81.1) 194 (85.5) 0.338
What is primary prevention of RTI? 245 (77.3) 76 (84.4) 169 (74.5) 0.055
Child seats and boosters reduce the risk of injury and death in a crash by what percentage? 234 (73.8) 67 (74.4) 167 (73.6) 0.873
Leading cause of death among children aged 1–14 years in Serbia 270 (85.2) 82 (91.1) 188 (82.8) 0.061
Minimum height for transition from booster seat belt to seat belt only 213 (67.2) 56 (62.2) 157 (69.2) 0.235
According to Serbian law, a child of what age can sit in the front seat 129 (40.7) 42 (46.7) 87 (38.3) 0.173
Whether the use of seat belts in both the front and back seats is mandatory by law 253 (79.8) 76 (84.4) 177 (78.0) 0.196
Is it prescribed by law in Serbia that in public transport we have to use a child car seat 153 (48.3) 46 (51.1) 107 (47.1) 0.523
For pregnant women it is prescribed by law that they must use a seat belt 286 (90.2) 85 (94.4) 201 (88.6) 0.111
The best possible protection for babies while riding in the car 286 (90.2) 84 (93.3) 202 (89.0) 0.24
Minimum age an infant can be forward-facing 98 (30.9) 32 (35.6) 66 (29.1) 0.26
A sign that you’ve outgrown the rear-facing car seat is 269 (84.9) 77 (85.6) 192 (84.6) 0.827
A properly restrained child in a car seat means 270 (85.2) 78 (86.7) 192 (84.6) 0.638
How many fingers can fit between the child’s chest and harness if they are properly tight 264 (83.3) 79 (87.8) 185 (81.5) 0.177
Child car seats are installed safely if they are in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions 256 (80.8) 83 (92.2) 173 (76.2) 0.001
A newborn’s first ride should be in a rear-facing car seat 273 (86.1) 82 (91.1) 191 (84.1) 0.106
Minimum height, weight and age to transition from car seat to booster seat 197 (62.2) 63 (70.0) 134 (59.0) 0.069
Minimum height and weight to graduate from booster seat with seat belt to seat belt only 119 (37.5) 33 (36.7) 86 (37.9) 0.84
Should we tighten the child in a car seat in a winter jacket? 248 (78.2) 67 (74.4) 181 (79.7) 0.303
Whether between the child and the car seat we can put something that is not an original part of the car seat (towel, blanket) 272 (85.8) 78 (86.7) 194 (85.5) 0.782
Each seat has a guarantee period for safe use specified by the manufacturer 229 (72.2) 71 (78.9) 158 (69.6) 0.096
Knowledge of the correct handling of the child car seat 276 (87.1) 84 (93.3) 192 (84.6) 0.036
Knowledge of the need to deactivate the airbag 303 (95.6) 89 (98.9 214 (94.3) 0.125
Regular use of seatbelts 269 (84.9) 79 (87.8) 190 (83.70) 0.361
Regular use of head restraints in the car 294 (92.7) 87 (96.7) 207 (91.2) 0.099
Responsibility for child RTI 292 (92.1) 84 (93.3) 208 (91.6) 0.612
Health providers are important partners in promoting the importance and proper use of child car seats 88 (27.8) 19 (21.1) 69 (30.4) 0.096
Advising parents on the importance of car seats 286 (90.2) 86 (95.6) 200 (88.1) 0.057
Source of information on proper use of car seats 286 (90.2) 86 (95.6) 200 (88.1) 0.057
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