Effect of gamma irradiation on microbiological and nutritional properties of the freeze-dried berries
und | 25. Nov. 2021
Über diesen Artikel
Article Category: Original Paper
Online veröffentlicht: 25. Nov. 2021
Seitenbereich: 221 - 225
Eingereicht: 02. Dez. 2020
Akzeptiert: 19. Feb. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2021-0032
Schlüsselwörter
© 2021 Slobodan Mašić et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Fig. 1
Nutritional values of freeze-dried blueberries
| Parameter/Dose | 0 kGy | 3 kGy | 5 kGy | 7 kGy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fat (%) | 0.34 | 0.43 | 0.73 | 1.30 |
| Water (%) | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.6 |
| Protein (%) | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.2 |
| Carbohydrate (%) | 86 | 86 | 85 | 84 |
| Sugars (%) | 48.2 | 48.5 | 47.7 | 48.8 |
| Dietary fiber (%) | 10.9 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 10.8 |
| Energetic value (kJ) | 1593 | 1598 | 1594 | 1599 |
Percentage of removed water during the process of lyophilization
| Berry fruit | Weight before lyophilization process (g) | Weight after lyophilization process (g) | % of removed water |
|---|---|---|---|
| Blackberries | 1000 | 121 | 87.9 |
| Raspberries | 1000 | 142 | 85.8 |
| Strawberries | 1000 | 90 | 91.0 |
| Blueberries | 1000 | 163 | 83.7 |
| Sour cherries | 1000 | 180 | 82.0 |
Nutritional values of freeze-dried raspberries
| Parameter/Dose | 0 kGy | 3 kGy | 5 kGy | 7 kGy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fat (%) | 0.65 | 0.62 | 0.84 | 0.61 |
| Water (%) | 7.0 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.3 |
| Protein (%) | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.3 |
| Carbohydrate (%) | 83 | 83 | 81 | 82 |
| Sugars (%) | 47.7 | 46.5 | 47.0 | 46.8 |
| Dietary fiber (%) | 19.8 | 20.1 | 20.1 | 20.6 |
| Energetic value (kJ) | 1572 | 1571 | 1547 | 1557 |
Nutritional values of freeze-dried blackberries
| Parameter/Dose | 0 kGy | 3 kGy | 5 kGy | 7 kGy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fat (%) | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.71 | 0.69 |
| Water (%) | 4.7 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 4.8 |
| Protein (%) | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.2 |
| Carbohydrate (%) | 86 | 87 | 86 | 86 |
| Sugars (%) | 43.0 | 42.1 | 43.2 | 43.0 |
| Dietary fiber (%) | 14.1 | 14.3 | 13.9 | 15.1 |
| Energetic value (kJ) | 1603 | 1623 | 1611 | 1616 |
Nutritional values of freeze-dried strawberries
| Parameter/Dose | 0 kGy | 3 kGy | 5 kGy | 7 kGy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fat (%) | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.58 | 0.59 |
| Water (%) | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 |
| Protein (%) | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.0 |
| Carbohydrate (%) | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 |
| Sugars (%) | 57.6 | 57.0 | 58.0 | 57.8 |
| Dietary fiber (%) | 9.7 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.9 |
| Energetic value (kJ) | 1587 | 1587 | 1587 | 1586 |
Nutritional values of freeze-dried sour cherries
| Parameter/Dose | 0 kGy | 3 kGy | 5 kGy | 7 kGy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fat (%) | 0.22 | 0.33 | 0.21 | 0.48 |
| Water (%) | 7.8 | 7.9 | 8.3 | 8.1 |
| Protein (%) | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.2 |
| Carbohydrate (%) | 82 | 81 | 81 | 81 |
| Sugars (%) | 52.4 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 51.0 |
| Dietary fiber (%) | 8.7 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.0 |
| Energetic value (kJ) | 1666 | 1643 | 1640 | 1660 |
The total number of molds before and after the influence of different doses of gamma irradiation
| Total mold (cfu·g−1) | Dose (kGy) | Permissible value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 3 | 5 | 7 | ||
| Blueberries | 810 | 130 | <100 | <100 | <100 |
| Blackberries | 740 | 110 | <100 | <100 | <100 |
| Raspberries | 530 | <100 | <100 | <100 | <100 |
| Strawberries | 640 | <100 | <100 | <100 | <100 |
| Sour cherries | 550 | 110 | <100 | <100 | <100 |