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Electron beam technology for biogas and biofertilizer generation at municipal resource recovery facilities

Andrzej G. Chmielewski
Andrzej G. Chmielewski
, 
Marcin Sudlitz
Marcin Sudlitz
, 
Bumsoo Han
Bumsoo Han
 und 
Suresh D. Pillai
Suresh D. Pillai
   | 25. Nov. 2021
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Article Category: Original Paper
Online veröffentlicht: 25. Nov. 2021
Seitenbereich: 213 - 219
Eingereicht: 17. Dez. 2020
Akzeptiert: 07. Jan. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2021-0031
Schlüsselwörter
© 2021 Andrzej G. Chmielewski et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Schematic of the SEP WWTP and the sampling location (marked in red).
Schematic of the SEP WWTP and the sampling location (marked in red).

Fig. 2

DIN 38414/8 eudiometers used for small-scale (400 ml) experiments including water bath, Testo 622 instrument for temperature and atmospheric pressure measurements table specially designed for this purpose.
DIN 38414/8 eudiometers used for small-scale (400 ml) experiments including water bath, Testo 622 instrument for temperature and atmospheric pressure measurements table specially designed for this purpose.

Fig. 3

Methane generation over 21 days mesophilic digestion of wastewater treatment plant sludge pretreated at 1 kGy (A), 2 kGy (B) and 3 kGy (C) e-beam doses and data for references samples not irradiated (0 kGy). H1–H3 represent independent experiments performed on separate days using different sludge samples.
Methane generation over 21 days mesophilic digestion of wastewater treatment plant sludge pretreated at 1 kGy (A), 2 kGy (B) and 3 kGy (C) e-beam doses and data for references samples not irradiated (0 kGy). H1–H3 represent independent experiments performed on separate days using different sludge samples.

Bioreactor conditions to monitor methane generation

Source of sludge SEP WWTP
Source of inoculum Digestate from SEP WWTP biogas digester
Inoculum: Substrate ratio 20%:80%
Bioreactor pH pH 7.1–7.3
Bioreactor volume 400 ml
Residence time 21 days
Study temperature 38°C
Mixing conditions Manually, once every 24 h

Preliminary economic analysis of incorporating e-beam technology for sludge hygenization solely compared with incorporating e-beam technology for sludge hygenization and biogas cogeneration

Wastewater treatment plant(Throughput: ~250 000 m3 annually. Sludge output ~1500 tons dry mass annually)
I. E-beam technology for sludge hygenization II. E-beam technology for sludge hygenization and biogas cogeneration
Accelerator specification
100 kW, 2 MeV 100 kW, 2 MeV + biogas generation
Cost savings
Savings from avoiding sludge disposal costs
1500 tons @ 100 euros = 150 000 euros 1500 tons @ 100 euros = 150 000 euros
Potential revenue from biosolid-based fertilizer sales
1500 tons @ 94.5 euros = 141 750 euros 1277.5 tons @ 94.5 euros = 120 723.75 euros
Biogas production (1 022 000 m3 annually)Converted in co-generator in electricity and heatGenerator power 350 kWEquivalent of electricity production:350 kW × 8000 h × 0.13 euros/kWh = 354 000 euros
E-beam technology-associated operating costs
Electricity consumption
130 kW e-beam accelerator 130 kW e-beam accelerator
 70 kW wastewater plant equipment  70 kW wastewater plant equipment
 10 kW heat generation
Total cost
210 kW × 8000 h × 0.13 euros/kwh = 218 400 euros 200 kW × 8000 h × 0.13 euros/kwh = 208 000 euros1055 tons grass silage (annually) = 1 055 tons × 10 euros/ton = 10 055 euros
Net income and savings
73 350 euros annually 271 668.75 euros annually

Cumulative SCOD (mg/L) and methane volumes generated (ml/kg TS) as a function of e-beam dose

Experiment Dose (kGy) Volume of biogas produced after 21 days (ml/kg TS) t-testα = 0.05 SCOD (mgO2/L) before the fermentation t-testα = 0.05
H1 0 118.842 ± 721 t = −27.0145 –
1 138.602 ± 1630 p = 0.0014 –
H2 0 145.822 ± 1003 t = 0.4654 4993 ± 24 t = −18.0121
2 144.447 ± 6074 p = 0.6874 5754 ± 59 p = 0.0031
H3 0 64.374 ± 910 t = −7.2157 318 ± 0 t = −664.0
3 76.844 ± 3647 p = 0.0187 1425 ± 3 p = 0.000002
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Englisch
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