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Changes in the Conditions of Renting an Apartment Expected by Students after the COVID-19 Pandemic in Relation to their Activity in the Labour Market

Małgorzata Grzywińska-Rąpca
Małgorzata Grzywińska-Rąpca
, 
Mariola Grzybowska-Brzezińska
Mariola Grzybowska-Brzezińska
 und 
Marcin Janusz
Marcin Janusz
   | 19. Dez. 2023
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Article Category: research article
Online veröffentlicht: 19. Dez. 2023
Seitenbereich: 1 - 20
Eingereicht: 04. Aug. 2023
Akzeptiert: 20. Nov. 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/minib-2023-0020
© 2023 Małgorzata Grzywińska-Rąpca et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Presentation of changes in place of residence caused by the pandemic, taking into account employment and gender of the respondent (UM – unemployed male; UF – no employment Female; EM – Employment Male; EF – Employment Female; HS – change of residence/higher standard; LS – change of residence/lower standard; RH – Return to family home; NC – unchanged) Source: own elaboration.
Presentation of changes in place of residence caused by the pandemic, taking into account employment and gender of the respondent (UM – unemployed male; UF – no employment Female; EM – Employment Male; EF – Employment Female; HS – change of residence/higher standard; LS – change of residence/lower standard; RH – Return to family home; NC – unchanged) Source: own elaboration.

Figure 2.

Presentation of expected changes in provisions in lease agreements due to the occurrence of the pandemic, taking into account employment and gender of the respondent (UM – unemployed male; UF – no employment Female; EM – Employment Male; EF – Employment Female; WD – Deposit Refund; NF – no booking fee; RH – shorter notice period) Source: own elaboration.
Presentation of expected changes in provisions in lease agreements due to the occurrence of the pandemic, taking into account employment and gender of the respondent (UM – unemployed male; UF – no employment Female; EM – Employment Male; EF – Employment Female; WD – Deposit Refund; NF – no booking fee; RH – shorter notice period) Source: own elaboration.

Figure 3.

Presentation of expected changes in the level of housing fees due to the occurrence of the pandemic, taking into account employment and gender of the respondent (UM – unemployed male; UF – no employment Female; EM – Employment Male; EF – Employment Female; HP – higher than those before the pandemic; LP – lower than those before the pandemic; NC – the same as before the pandemic) Source: own elaboration.
Presentation of expected changes in the level of housing fees due to the occurrence of the pandemic, taking into account employment and gender of the respondent (UM – unemployed male; UF – no employment Female; EM – Employment Male; EF – Employment Female; HP – higher than those before the pandemic; LP – lower than those before the pandemic; NC – the same as before the pandemic) Source: own elaboration.

Results of correspondence analysis (peculiar and eigen) for the coexistence of employment, gender and observed changes in housing charges

Number of dimensions Peculiar values Eigenvalues Percentage of inertia Cumulative Percentage Chi2
1 0.220561 0.048647 86.94532 86.9453 19.02112
2 0.085465 0.007304 13.05468 100.0000 2.85599
Total Responsibility =.05595 Chi2=21.877 df=6 p=.00128

Row and column coordinates for coexistence of employment, gender and change of residence and contribution to inertia

Name Coordinates Quality
Dimension1 Dimension2
Row coordinates
Employment; Female −0.200700 0.121603 0.998278
Employment; Male −0.447056 −0.169599 0.999434
Unemployed; Female 0.147899 −0.076086 0.999731
Unemployed; Male 0.117584 0.156145 0.995081
Column coordinates
I returned to my family home (leaving the student residence/rented apartment/room) 0.210705 −0.002228 0.999962
I had to change my place of residence and I now live in a higher standard and/or location −0.152975 −0.29932 0.997432
It did not affect in any way (I still live in the same place/with my parents, etc.) −0.223487 0.026992 0.999503
I had to change my place of residence and I currently live in a lower standard and/or location −0.077058 0.391597 0.993907

Presentation of the structure of the sample by gender and employment

Specification Employment during the pandemic
Yes No
Female Male Female Male
Change of residence I returned to my family home (leaving the student residence/rented apartment/room) 76.09% 23.91% 74.48% 25.52%
I had to change my place of residence and I now live in a higher standard and/or location 50.00% 50.00% 85.00% 15.00%
It did not affect in any way (I still live in the same place/ with my parents, etc.) 65.67% 34.33% 72.09% 27.91%
I had to change my place of residence and I currently live in a lower standard and/or location 83.33% 16.67% 55.56% 44.44%
Changes to Agreements No booking fee 76.19% 23.81% 79.12% 20.88%
Deposit Refund 60.87% 39.13% 75.00% 25.00%
Shorter notice period 71.88% 28.13% 68.81% 31.19%
changes in housing charges Lower than those before the pandemic 67.90% 32.10% 76.92% 23.08%
Higher than those before the pandemic 64.00% 36.00% 67.27% 32.73%
Same as before the pandemic 76.00% 24.00% 69.44% 30.56%

Row and column coordinates for employment coexistence, gender and observed changes in housing charges and contribution to inertia

Name Coordinates Quality
Dimension1 Dimension2
Row coordinates
Employment; Female −0.231947 −0.063117 1.0000
Employment; Male −0.416588 0.157985 1.0000
Unemployed; Female 0.191530 0.041709 1.0000
Unemployed; Male 0.017376 −0.129485 1.0000
Column coordinates
Lower than those before the pandemic 0.337054 0.033733 1.0000
Higher than those before the pandemic −0.218722 0.111606 1.0000
Same as before the pandemic −0.084194 −0.090222 1.0000

Row and column coordinates for coexistence of employment, gender and expected changes in contract entries and contribution to inertia

Name Coordinates Quality
Dimension1 Dimension2
Row coordinates
Employment; Female −0.135251 −0.077044 1.00000
Employment; Male 0.016169 0.038302 1.00000
Unemployed; Female 0.081466 −0.023338 1.00000
Unemployed; Male −0.060763 0.144770 1.00000
Column coordinates
No booking fee 0.053314 −0.034158 1.00000
Deposit Refund −0.013575 0.144899 1.00000
Shorter notice period −0.200698 −0.050041 1.00000

Results of correspondence analysis (peculiar and own values) for the coexistence of employment, gender and change of residence

Number of dimensions Peculiar values Eigenvalues Percentage of inertia Cumulative Percentage Chi2
1 0.208266 0.043375  76.16345  76.1634 16.95947
2 0.116202 0.013503  23.71023  99.8737  5.27961
3 0.008482 0.000072   0.12632 100.0000  0.02813
Total Responsibility =.05695 Chi2 = 22.267 df = 9 p=.00808

Results of correspondence analysis (peculiar and own values) for the co-occurrence of employment, gender and observed changes in contract provisions

Number of dimensions Peculiar values Eigenvalues Percentage of inertia Cumulative Percentage Chi2
1 0.090217 0.008139 59.97162 59.9716 3.182394
2 0.073705 0.005432 40.02838 100.0000 2.124105
Total Responsibility. = .01357 Chi2 = 5.3065 df = 6 p = .50516
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