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Ameliorative effects of Helianthus annuus against nephrotoxic, cardiac, and haematological disorders in alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia in albino rats

Samuel Okwudili Onoja
Samuel Okwudili Onoja
, 
Samuel Chukwuneke Udem
Samuel Chukwuneke Udem
 und 
Aruh Ottah Anaga
Aruh Ottah Anaga
   | 23. Okt. 2018
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Online veröffentlicht: 23. Okt. 2018
Seitenbereich: 371 - 377
Eingereicht: 27. Apr. 2018
Akzeptiert: 17. Sept. 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0053
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© 2018 S.O. Onoja et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Effects of HLEHA on body weight (mean ±SEM)P < 0.05 when compared with 5% tween-20–treated group, SEM – standard error of mean, GLB – glibenclamide, HLEHA – hydromethanol leaf extract of H. annuus
Effects of HLEHA on body weight (mean ±SEM)P < 0.05 when compared with 5% tween-20–treated group, SEM – standard error of mean, GLB – glibenclamide, HLEHA – hydromethanol leaf extract of H. annuus

Fig. 2

Photomicrograph of the kidney, H & E, 400×The V shows congested blood vessel, D shows renal tubular degeneration, G shows the glomerulus and line arrow is pointing at fibroblastic cells. A – 5% tween-20–treated group, B – glibenclamide treated group, C – HLEHA 150 mg/kg treated group, D – HLEHA 300 mg/kg treated group, and E – HLEHA 600 mg/kg treated group
Photomicrograph of the kidney, H & E, 400×The V shows congested blood vessel, D shows renal tubular degeneration, G shows the glomerulus and line arrow is pointing at fibroblastic cells. A – 5% tween-20–treated group, B – glibenclamide treated group, C – HLEHA 150 mg/kg treated group, D – HLEHA 300 mg/kg treated group, and E – HLEHA 600 mg/kg treated group

Fig. 3

Photomicrograph of the heart muscle, H & E, 400×The FN shows focal necrosis and H shows hypertrophic muscle fibre in 5% tween-20–treated group. A – 5% tween-20–treated group, B – glibenclamide-treated group, C – HLEHA 150 mg/kg treated group, D – HLEHA 300 mg/kg treated group, and E – HLEHA 600 mg/kg treated group
Photomicrograph of the heart muscle, H & E, 400×The FN shows focal necrosis and H shows hypertrophic muscle fibre in 5% tween-20–treated group. A – 5% tween-20–treated group, B – glibenclamide-treated group, C – HLEHA 150 mg/kg treated group, D – HLEHA 300 mg/kg treated group, and E – HLEHA 600 mg/kg treated group

Effect of HLEHA treatment on erythrocytic profile (mean ±SEM)

TreatmentPCV (%)HB (g/dL)RBC (×106/μL)MCV (fL)MCH (pg)MCHC (g/dL)
5% tween-20, 5 mL/kg43.8 ± 1.1715.52 ± 0.567.81 ± 0.5458.56 ± 3.120.69 ± 0.9735.4 ± 0.59
GLB, 2 mg/kg42.6 ± 0.8714.18 ± 0.637.5 ± 0.2557.31 ± 1.9919.16 ± 1.0333.18 ± 0.74
HLEHA, 150 mg/kg45.0 ± 0.9114.26 ± 0.578.21 ± 0.6255.49 ± 3.1217.51 ± 0.69*31.48 ± 0.71*
HLEHA, 300 mg/kg44.2 ± 1.1114.88 ± 0.318.21 ± 0.3554.22 ± 2.5418.29 ± 1.0633.75 ± 1.09
HLEHA, 600 mg/kg44.13 ± 0.5214.67 ± 0.487.8 ± 0.6257.45 ± 3.6819.03 ± 0.9833.24 ± 0.84

Effect of HLEHA treatment on serum markers of kidney function (mean ± SEM)

TreatmentUrea (mg/dL)Creatinine (mg/dL)Urea/creatinine ratio
5% tween-20, 5 mL/kg85.43 ± 1.601.15 ± 0.0375.26 ± 4.94
GLB, 2 mg/kg45.19 ± 4.42*1.05 ± 0.0143.09 ± 6.15*
HLEHA, 150 mg/kg48.94 ± 4.26*1.22 ± 0.0340.91 ± 7.10*
HLEHA, 300 mg/kg53.84 ± 4.01*1.08 ± 0.0449.37 ± 3.16*
HLEHA, 600 mg/kg49.69 ± 2.73*1.10 ± 0.0647.89 ± 8.42*

Effect of HLEHA treatment on leukocytic profile (mean ±SEM)

Treatment5% tween-20, 5 mL/kgGLB 2 mg/kgHLEHA 150 mg/kgHLEHA 300 mg/kgHLEHA 600 mg/kg
WBC (x103/mL)11.68 ± 0.589.73 ± 0.4310.89 ± 0.3610.9 ± 0.689.85 ± 1.26
Re neutrophil (%)37.0 ± 2.6621.4 ± 1.57*28.0 ± 0.53*18.0 ± 2.28*14.67 ± 1.65*
Re lymphocyte (%)60.0 ± 3.1275.8 ± 1.6*68.0 ± 1.31*77.67 ± 2.74*78.0 ± 2.22*
Re eosinophil (%)0.5 ± 0.192.4 ± 0.54*1.5 ± 0.422.0 ± 0.37*2.67 ± 0.56*
Re monocytes (%)1.75 ±0.490.2 ± 0.13*2.5 ± 0.781.67 ± 0.425.67 ± 1.05*
Re basophils (%)0.75 ± 0.310.2 ± 0.13*0.0 ± 0.0*0.0 ± 0.0*0.0 ± 0.0*
Ab neutrophil (×103/mL)4.43 ± 0.732.1 ± 0.3*3.04 ± 0.12*1.87 ± 0.42*1.55 ± 0.53*
Ab lymphocyte (×103/mL)6.88 ± 0.137.37 ± 0.54*7.41 ± 0.49*7.97 ± 0.91*7.55 ± 0.27*
Ab eosinophil (per mL)53.5 ± 20.7219.0 ± 41.92*154.75 ± 42.70220.33 ± 53.84*244.0 ± 50.21*
Ab monocytes (per mL)220.13 ± 61.9820.2 ± 13.47*278.00 ± 84.67170.17 ± 42.23573.17 ± 133.96*
Ab basophils (per mL)92.88 ± 38.7320.2 ± 13.47*0.0 ± 0.0*0.0 ± 0.0*0.0 ± 0.0*
NLR0.64 ± 0.060.29 ± 0.02*0.41 ± 0.01*0.24 ± 0.03*0.19 ± 0.02*
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