Innovation and adaptation in public–private partnerships in the military domain under broad-spectrum influencing: Towards a competence-based strategic approach

The undefined role of a private

Commitment to certification

Centralised administration

Fragmentation of R&D&I activities

Not defined in project steering, lack of steering for development outside project work

Requirement for existing quality certification recorded in Document PAK 06-03, HD 314

A Finnish Defence Forces development programme led by Defence Command Finland

Activities divided into seven different organisations

Total share is <2% of defence expenditure

Non-utilisation of international financial instruments

Weakness: risk of failure to notice innovations

Strength: allocation of limited resources

Weakness: the cost of certification for a start-up company

Weakness: time required for certification

Strength: opportunity for audits

Strength: continuous systematic evaluation of processes

Weakness: binds the activities to funding periods

Strength: helps to systematically consolidate limited resources

Weakness: complicates communication between different actors

Weakness: fragments financial resources

Increases the number of impact points for broadspectrum influencing

Strength: units focus on their own area of expertise

Weakness: limits research and development work

Weakness: forces consolidation of resources and prioritisation of projects

Strength: forces consolidation of resources and prioritisation of projects