Drought | 0.232 | 0.422 | 0 | 1 |
Rain and landslide | 0.211 | 0.408 | 0 | 1 |
Winter and frost | 0.379 | 0.485 | 0 | 1 |
Earthquake | 0.162 | 0.368 | 0 | 1 |
Pest | 0.193 | 0.394 | 0 | 1 |
Drought |
0.038 |
0.040 |
||||
Rain and landslide |
−0.002 (0.021) | 0.009 (0.022) | ||||
Winter and frost |
−0.041 |
−0.045 |
||||
Earthquake |
−0.009 (0.028) | −0.012 (0.027) | ||||
Pest |
0.015 (0.017) | 0.012 (0.019) | ||||
Constant | 0.164 |
0.164 |
0.194 |
0.136 |
0.160 |
0.168 |
Observations | 5,209 | 5,209 | 5,209 | 5,209 | 5,209 | 5,209 |
Households | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 |
Household FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year × oblast | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Clustered SE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Drought |
0.041 |
||||
City × drought |
−0.014 (0.035) | ||||
Rain and landslide | 0.001 (0.022) | ||||
City × rain and landslide |
0.003 (0.045) | ||||
Winter and frost |
−0.026 (0.020) | ||||
City × winter and frost |
0.028 (0.029) | ||||
Earthquake |
−0.018 (0.028) | ||||
City × earthquake |
0.027 (0.041) | ||||
Pest |
0.015 (0.018) | ||||
City × pest |
−0.022 (0.052) | ||||
City significance test | |||||
Ho: shock + city × shock=0 | Accept | Accept | Accept | Accept | Accept |
Observations | 8,347 | 8,347 | 8,347 | 8,347 | 8,347 |
Households | 2,976 | 2,976 | 2,976 | 2,976 | 2,976 |
Household FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year × oblast | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Clustered SE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
2010 | 1,513 | 271 | 0.152 |
2011 | 1,446 | 320 | 0.181 |
2012 | 1,438 | 341 | 0.192 |
2013 | 1,329 | 357 | 0.212 |
Drought |
0.042 |
0.044 |
||||
Rain and landslide |
−0.002 (0.021) | 0.008 (0.022) | ||||
Winter and frost |
−0.039 |
−0.042 |
||||
Earthquake |
−0.006 (0.030) | −0.008 (0.029) | ||||
Pest |
0.014 (0.019) | 0.010 (0.020) | ||||
Constant | −0.371 |
−0.399 |
−0.337 |
−0.399 |
−0.388 |
−0.365 |
Household size | 0.045 |
0.045 |
0.045 |
0.045 |
0.045 |
0.045 |
Male fraction | 0.085 (0.082) | 0.084 (0.083) | 0.088 (0.083) | 0.083 (0.083) | 0.082 (0.083) | 0.087 (0.082) |
Adult fraction | 0.448 |
0.448 |
0.440 |
0.448 |
0.447 |
0.439 |
Elderly fraction | −0.146 (0.105) | −0.148 (0.105) | −0.139 (0.105) | −0.148 (0.105) | −0.147 (0.105) | −0.136 (0.105) |
Education years | −0.001 (0.002) | −0.001 (0.002) | −0.001 (0.002) | −0.001 (0.002) | −0.001 (0.002) | −0.001 (0.002) |
Wealth2 | −0.037 |
−0.036 |
−0.035 |
−0.035 |
−0.035 |
−0.035 |
Wealth3 | −0.021 (0.023) | −0.020 (0.023) | −0.019 (0.023) | −0.020 (0.023) | −0.019 (0.023) | −0.019 (0.023) |
Wealth4 | −0.029 (0.028) | −0.027 (0.028) | −0.024 (0.028) | −0.027 (0.028) | −0.027 (0.028) | −0.025 (0.027) |
Wealth5 | −0.003 (0.037) | −0.001 (0.037) | 0.001 (0.036) | −0.001 (0.037) | 0.000 (0.037) | −0.001 (0.036) |
Observations | 5,051 | 5,051 | 5,051 | 5,051 | 5,051 | 5,051 |
Households | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 |
Household FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year × oblast | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Clustered SE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
2011 | 0.761 | 0.088 | 0.058 | 0.093 |
2012 | 0.736 | 0.083 | 0.071 | 0.110 |
2013 | 0.699 | 0.107 | 0.090 | 0.105 |
Household size | 5.07 | 6.45 |
Male fraction | 0.50 | 0.53 |
Adult fraction | 0.65 | 0.72 |
Elderly fraction | 0.07 | 0.03 |
Education years | 13.35 | 14.50 |
Wealth 1 | 0.29 | 0.26 |
Wealth 2 | 0.24 | 0.31 |
Wealth 3 | 0.20 | 0.25 |
Wealth 4 | 0.16 | 0.12 |
Wealth 5 | 0.11 | 0.06 |
Drought | 1.00 | ||||
Rain and landslide | 0.00 | 1.00 | |||
Winter and frost | 0.14 | 0.23 | 1.00 | ||
Earthquake | 0.02 | 0.26 | 0.17 | 1.00 | |
Pest | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.24 | 1.00 |
Housing/repair | Non-winter | 1.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 3.5 |
Winter | 2.8 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 5.5 | |
Eat/sleep/laundry | Non-winter | 5.2 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 9.5 |
Winter | 5.2 | 3.4 | 1.5 | 9.5 |
Drought |
−0.066 (0.072) | 0.053 |
Rain and landslide |
−0.101 (0.064) | 0.025 (0.019) |
Winter and frost |
0.146 (0.103) | −0.004 (0.017) |
Earthquake |
0.016 (0.087) | −0.008 (0.022) |
Pest |
−0.023 (0.083) | −0.006 (0.019) |
Constant | 1.318 |
−0.164 |
Observations | 891 | 4,160 |
Households | 523 | 1,668 |
Household FE | Yes | Yes |
Year × oblast | Yes | Yes |
Clustered SE | Yes | Yes |
Easyfin | 0.126 (0.121) | 0.082 (0.126) | 0.012 (0.144) | 0.117 (0.116) | 0.019 (0.134) |
Drought |
0.183 |
||||
Easyfin × drought |
−0.346 |
||||
Rain and landslide |
0.091 (0.093) | ||||
Easyfin × rain and landslide |
−0.215 (0.199) | ||||
Winter and frost |
−0.051 (0.067) | ||||
Easyfin × winter and frost |
0.028 (0.143) | ||||
Earthquake |
0.176 |
||||
Easyfin × earthquake |
−0.431 |
||||
Pest |
−0.009 (0.057) | ||||
Easyfin × pest |
0.060 (0.143) | ||||
Observations | 5,051 | 5,051 | 5,051 | 5,051 | 5,051 |
Households | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 | 1,781 |
Household FE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Year × oblast | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Clustered SE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |