[
1. Noden, O. M., de Lahunta, A., 1985: Umbilical venous system. In: The Embryology of Domestic Animals. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, 220–225.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
2. Donovan, G. A., Dohoo, I. R., Montgomery, D. M., 1998: Calf and disease factors affecting growth in female Holstein calves in Florida. Prev. Vet. Med., 33, 1–4, 1–10. DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(97)00059-7
]Search in Google Scholar
[
3. Lopez, M. J., Merkel, M. D., 1996: Umbilical artery marsupialization in a calf. Can. Vet. J., 37, 3, 170–171.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
4. Fubini, S. L., Ducharme, N. G., 2004: Calf surgery. In: Farm Animal Surgery, 1st ed. Saunders, St. Louis, MO, 477–484.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
5. Hathaway, S. C., Bullians, J. A., Johnstone, A. C., Biss, M. E., Thompson, A., 1993: A pathological and microbio-logical evaluation of omphalophlebitis in very young calves slaughtered in New Zealand. N. Z. Vet. J., 41, 4, 166–170. DOI: 10.1080/00480169.1993.35763
]Search in Google Scholar
[
6. Svensson, C., Lundborg, K., Emanuelson, U., Olsson, S. O., 2003: Morbidity in Swedish dairy calves from birth to 90 days of age and individual calf-level risk factors for infectious diseases. Prev. Vet. Med., 15, 58, 3–4, 179–197. DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(03)00046-1
]Search in Google Scholar
[
7. Donovan, G. A., Dohoo, I. R., Montgomery, M., Bennett, L., 1998: Calf and disease factors affecting growth in female Holstein calves in Florida. Prev. Vet. Med., 33, 1–4, 1–10. DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(97)00059-7
]Search in Google Scholar
[
8. Virtala, A. M., Mechor, D. G., Grohn, Y. T., Erb, H. N., 1996: The effect of calfhood diseases on growth of female dairy calves during the first 3 months of life in New York State. J. Dairy Sci., 79, 6, 1040–1049. DOI: 10.3168/jds. S0022-0302(96)76457-3
]Search in Google Scholar
[
9. Rings, M. D., 1995: Umbilical hernias, umbilical abscesses, and urachal fistulas. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract., 11, 1, 137–148. DOI: 10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30512-0
]Search in Google Scholar
[
10. Stober, M., 1979: Procedure for clinical examination. In: Rosenberger, G. (Ed.), Clinical Examination of Cattle. Saunders, Pennsylvania State University, 453.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
11. Trent, A. M., Smith, D. F., 1984: Surgical management of umbilical masses with associated umbilical cord remnant infections in calves. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 185, 12, 1531–1534.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
12. Geishauser, T., Gründer, H. D., 1992: Nabelentzündung beim Kalb – Ein Rückblick auf 104 Fälle. Tierärztl. Umschau, 47, 304–320.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
13. Baxter, G. M., 1989: Umbilical masses in calves: Diagnosis, treatment and complications. Compend. Contin. Educ. Pract. Vet., 4, 11, 503–515.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
14. Anderson, D. E., 2004: Surgical diseases of the neonate. In: Proceedings of the WBC Congress, Québec, Canada, 34, 12–12.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
15. Anderson, D. E., Rings, M., 2008: Current Veterinary Therapy: Food Animal Practice. Elsevier Health Science, 736.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
16. Bohy, A., Moissonnier, P., 1990: Umbilical disease in Charolais calves: A retrospective study of 115 surgically treated cases. Point Vét., 22, 131, 542–551.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
17. Luet, P., 1991: Umbilical disease in calves. Point Vét., 22, 133.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
18. Kilic, O., Derincegoz, Ö., Yaygingul, R., 2005: Surgical correction of umbilical disease in calves: A retrospective study of 95 cases. YYÜ Vet. Fak. Derg., 16, 2, 35–38.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
19. Kharb, S., Yadav, A., Kumar, T., Sindhu, N., 2021: Umbilical infections in calves reared under traditional system and their management. Indian J. Vet. Med., 41, 1, 61–64.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
20. Reiichiro, S., Shinozaka, Y., Ken, O., Ochiai, H., Kazatok, Y., 2019: Evaluation of marsupialization combined with long-term administration of antibacterial agents in calves with omphalophlebitis and secondary liver abscess. Large Anim. Rev., 25,107–110.
]Search in Google Scholar
[
21. Madigan, J. E., 1990: Omphalitis/omphalophlebitis. In: Smith, B. P. (Ed.), Large Animal Internal Medicine. Mosby, St. Louis, MO, 1372.
]Search in Google Scholar
