HPHC Testing of Tobacco and Smoke to Examine Cigarette Temporal Variability
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15. Aug. 2022
Über diesen Artikel
Online veröffentlicht: 15. Aug. 2022
Seitenbereich: 112 - 126
Eingereicht: 19. Dez. 2021
Akzeptiert: 24. Mai 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2022-0012
Schlüsselwörter
© 2022 Rana Tayyarah et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Product 2 CO yields from non-intense smoking for long-term variability testing as an illustration of interactive effects among laboratories and of the magnitude of differences that may be expected from testing multiple batches of the same product in different laboratories using standardized methodology_
| Product 2 Non-intense CO (mg/cig) |
Product range | Laboratory range | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Batch | % | % | |||
| Lab | B3 | G | H | – | – |
| 1 | 4.41 | 4.11 | 4.64 | – | – |
| 4 | 3.85 | 3.70 | 3.87 | – | – |
| 5 | 3.56 | 3.64 | 3.48 | – | – |
| 6 | 4.70 | 4.59 | 4.87 | – | – |
| 7 | 3.92 | 3.75 | 4.44 | – | – |
| 8 | 4.00 | 3.75 | 4.43 | – | – |
| 9 | 3.62 | 3.16 | 3.92 | – | – |
| 10 | 3.53 | 3.70 | 3.50 | – | – |
| 11 | 4.14 | 4.02 | 4.66 | – | – |
| Average | 3.97 | 3.82 | 4.20 | 9.4 | 29.0 |
Relative range (%) among time point for each product sample for select parameters and constituents_
| Sample | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Timepoint | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 3R4F | |
| Physical parameters | ||||||||||
| Cigarette weight as-is (mg/cig) | Short | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.2% | 0.9% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.6% | NC |
| Medium | 1.3% |
1.7% |
1.2% |
1.4% |
NC | 1.6% |
0.9% |
2.6% |
0.2% | |
| Long | 3.4% |
0.3% | 0.4% | 1.9% |
0.7% | 3.2% |
3.8% | 1.1% | 0.4% | |
| Filter tip ventilation (%) | Short | 3.4% |
6.0% |
0.1% | 8.4% |
0.9% | 19.7% |
1.3% | 0.9% | NC |
| Medium | 1.8% |
8% |
0.4% |
8.2% |
NC | 27.1% |
5.5% |
5.0% |
2.4% | |
| Long | 10.4% |
8.6% | 0.1% | 9.0% |
2.8% | 14.0% |
0.7% | 1.2% | 6.6% | |
| Tobacco constituents | ||||||||||
| NNN (ng/g) | Short | 1.4% | 7.4% | 11.9% | 3.1% | 3.0% | 6.5% | 14.7% |
27.1% |
3.8% |
| Medium | 41.9% |
31.4% |
51% |
14.6% |
29.4% |
34.5% |
30.5% |
81.5% |
2.8% | |
| Long | 34.0% |
31.5% |
NCS |
2.3% | 13.8% |
28.1% |
NCS | 57.2% |
3.2% | |
| NNK (ng/g) | Short | 8.1% | 24.7% |
8.1% | 12.6% |
10.3% | 2.0% | 15.4% |
32.9% |
3.3% |
| Medium | 62.1% |
53.5% |
47.4% |
7.5% | 37.8% |
33.9% |
28.2% |
58.9% |
9.2% | |
| Long | 34.7% |
20.9% | NCS | 6.4% | 36.0% | 21.4% | NCS | 54.4% | 8.9% |
|
| Nicotine (μg/g) | Short | 2.2% |
1.0% | 4.8% |
3.1% |
1.0% | 4.8% |
2.1% |
3.9% |
0.4% |
| Medium | 9.8% |
13.8% |
4.1% |
3.7% |
5.2% |
5.2% |
3.9% |
8.6% |
1.7% |
|
| Long | 8.3% |
5.6% |
14.0% |
2.5% |
2.8% |
4.4% |
0.3% | 7.6% |
0.1% | |
| Ammonia (μg/g) | Short | 6.7% |
7.5% |
9.4% |
6.7% |
1.5% | 0.9% | 34.4% |
12.8% |
3.1% |
| Medium | 11.6% |
15.0% |
63.7% |
8.6% |
21.1% |
11.0% |
66.5% |
10.3% |
4.8% |
|
| Long | 12.5% |
2.1% | NCS | 24.6% |
10.6% |
10.4% |
NCS | 17.2% |
1.0% | |
| Smoke constituent – Non-intense regime | ||||||||||
| Ammonia (μg/cig) | Short | 0.9% | < LOQ | 2.3% | 8.3% | 2.6% | < LOQ | 8.7% | 2.1% | 5.3% |
| Medium | 18.8% |
< LOQ | 5.5% | 5.0% | 28.3% |
< LOQ | 17.7% | 19.2% | 6.0% | |
| Long | 14.7% | 8.8% | NCS | 7.4% | 21.5% | < LOQ | NCS | 7.5% | 9.2% | |
| Acetaldehyde (μg/cig) | Short | 5.0% | 9.5% | 2.4% | 6.5% | 6.9% |
51.1% |
5.1% | 7.4% | 6.8% |
| Medium | 11.3% | 11.4% | 6.5% | 9.3% |
3.2% | 67.3% |
3.9% | 13.2% |
11.6% |
|
| Long | 12.4% |
7.0% | 0.5% | 5.7% | 3.6% | 21.6% | 0.7% | 2.5% | 3.3% | |
| Total HCN (μg/cig) | Short | 5.8% | 8.5% | 2.9% | 15.9% |
17.9% |
< LOQ | 15.7% |
16.5% | 4.5% |
| Medium | 15.9% |
22.9% | 8.0% | 8.1% | 9.4% |
< LOQ | 30.1% |
16.4% |
7.7% | |
| Long | 20.5% |
31.0% | NCS | 13.3% | 15.3% | < LOQ | NCS | 6.0% | 12.1% | |
| 4-Aminobiphenyl (ng/cig) | Short | 3.2% | 5.5% |
3.6% | 2.8% | 2.0% | 17.6% |
4.9% | 1.1% | 4.5% |
| Medium | 4.5% | 2.4% | 4.5% | 6.5% | 6.4% |
51.3% |
20.1% |
5.3% | 5.4% | |
| Long | 7.4% | 6.4% | NCS | 11.4% |
2.6% | 16.9% |
NCS | 5.2% | 3.9% | |
| BaP (ng/cig) | Short | 2.2% | 3.0% | 1.7% | 0.3% | 1.9% | 4.2% | 2.2% | 2.6% | 1.1% |
| Medium | 4.1% | 3.6% | 2.3% | 4.0% | 6.1% |
10.4% | 2.2% | 4.3% | 1.6% | |
| Long | 8.1% | 6.9% | 3.9% | NC | 6.3% | 29.9% |
7.5% | 3.5% | 1.7% | |
| NNN (ng/cig) | Short | 13.4% | 14.3% |
9.7% | 4.0% | 11.3% | 27.1% |
15.6% | 13.1% | 2.9% |
| Medium | 36.9% |
11.9% | 21.9% | 5.7% | 8.4% | 54.9% |
51.3% |
44.7% |
16.5% | |
| Long | 33.1% |
51.7% |
NCS | 0.7% | 12.4% | 25% |
NCS | 45.9% |
10.8% | |
| NNK (ng/cig) | Short | 18.0% | 14.1% |
8.2% | 8.0% | 9.9% | 40.2% |
12.0% | 26.8% | 4.0% |
| Medium | 44.6% |
31.7% | 25.1% | 11.6% |
17.6% | 62.9% |
34.4% | 36% |
12.6% | |
| Long | 28.1% |
47.7% |
NCS | 3.4% | 12.2% | 34.0% | NCS | 32.9% |
12.7% |
|
| Benzene (μg/cig) | Short | 6.4% | 16.2% |
2.8% | 3.9% | 2.9% | 23% |
3.7% | 4.4% | 1.3% |
| Medium | 13% |
19% |
6.2% | 6.2% | 7.7% | 81.8% |
11.5% |
9.0% | 10.6% |
|
| Long | 14.5% |
8.7% |
NCS | 0.3% | 1.7% | 28.1% |
NCS | 6.5% | 4.1% | |
| Smoke constituent - Intense regime | ||||||||||
| Ammonia (μg/cig) | Short | 10.6% | 9.9% | 0.8% | 1.1% | 7.2% | 3.7% | 13.4% |
5.9% | 7.2% |
| Medium | 19.0% | 47.6% | 22.8% | 12.8% | 30.5% |
7.3% | 45.2% |
15.2% | 14.1% | |
| Long | 1.6% | 9% |
NCS | 1.9% | 22.9% |
11.0% | NCS | 3.0% | 7.7% | |
| Acetaldehyde (μg/cig) | Short | 1.7% | 2.6% | 3.5% | 3.3% | 1.8% | 2.7% | 4.9% | 3.0% | 1.4% |
| Medium | 2.7% | 5.5% | 6.0% | 4.9% | 8.9% |
6.7% | 6.9% | 4.7% | 3.5% | |
| Long | 2.4% | 3.8% | 1.0% | 2.9% | 9.4% |
3.9% | 10.8% |
0.5% | 0.4% | |
| Total HCN (μg/cig) | Short | 5.8% | 5.2% | 7.4% | 1.4% | 9.6% | 4.2% | 1.2% | 13.6% | 4.7% |
| Medium | 6.1% | 15.6% |
9.2% | 2.9% | 9.5% | 8.9% | 19.2% |
15.8% |
7.5% | |
| Long | 13.4% |
10.5% |
NCS | 10.8% | 9.4% | 4.7% | NCS | 13.0% | 2.8% | |
| 4-Aminobiphenyl (ng/cig) | Short | 3.9% | 3.2% | 2.0% | 4.8% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 1.7% | 4.7% | 2.4% |
| Medium | 10.9% | 14.3% |
4.7% | 4.1% | 8.8% |
5.2% | 17.3% |
5.1% | 4.6% | |
| Long | 10.5% | 9.2% | NCS | 6.8% |
13.7% | 9.6% |
NCS | 4.9% | 7.2% | |
| BaP (ng/cig) | Short | 2.2% | 2.9% | 2.8% | 2.1% | 1.8% | 0.4% | 3.8% | 3.1% | 2.3% |
| Medium | 3.7% | 3.6% | 7.2% |
2.1% | 5.6% | 2.5% | 4.4% | 7.3% | 6.1% |
|
| Long | 5.4% | 5.4% | 2.5% | NC | 7.9% | 2.5% | 8.5% | 5.5% | 1.4% | |
| NNN (ng/cig) | Short | 1.2% | 17.3% |
19.2% |
18.9% |
5.3% | 3.5% | 10.5% | 10.1% | 4.3% |
| Medium | 37.2% |
26.6% |
62.6% |
4.6% | 20.9% | 23.7% |
13.9% | 52.9% |
10.3% | |
| Long | 22.9% | 52.9% |
NCS | 5.5% | 10.6% | 30.5% |
NCS | 40.6% |
12.5% | |
| NNK (ng/cig) | Short | 6.6% | 2.3% | 14.8% | 9.2% | 11.1% | 15.8% | 21.3% |
21.6% |
5.7% |
| Medium | 34.5% |
41.8% |
18.7% |
8.5% | 16.3% | 25.8% |
33.6% | 26.2% |
12.5% | |
| Long | 26.9% | 49.5% |
NCS | 6.6% | 25.4% |
11.8% | NCS | 26.6% |
12.0% | |
| Benzene (μg/cig) | Short | 5.0% | 2.3% | 8.5% | 3.4% | 6.2% | 4.7% | 10.5% |
5.0% | 2.3% |
| Medium | 4.2% | 5.0% | 5.1% | 3.9% | 4.3% | 4.7% | 9.5% |
7.0% | 2.4% | |
| Long | 3.7% | 5.1% | NCS | 2.3% | 1.5% | 1.3% | NCS | 3.2% | 4.9% | |
Study design and batch designations_
| Batch designation Study phase | A | B1, B2, B3 |
C | D | E | F | G | H |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phase 1 | Week 1 | Week 1 | Week 1 | |||||
| Short-term | shift 1 | shift 2 | shift 3 | |||||
| Phase 2 | Year 1 | Year 1 | Year 1 | Year 1 | ||||
| Medium-term | quarter 1 | quarter 2 | quarter 3 | quarter 4 | ||||
| Phase 3 | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | |||||
| Long-term |
Sample descriptions_
| Sample code | Blend | ~Non-intense “tar” | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | American | 10 mg | – |
| 2 | American | 3 mg | Charcoal filter |
| 3 | Virginia | 10 mg | – |
| 4 | American | 10 mg | – |
| 5 |
NA | NA | Withdrawn |
| 6 | American | 14 mg | – |
| 7 | American | 1 mg | – |
| 8 | Virginia | 8 mg | – |
| 9 | American | 7 mg | |
| 10 (3R4F) | American | 8 mg | Single batch study reference |
| 11 (1R6F) | American | 8 mg | Informational |