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Performance of entomopathogenic nematodes on the mealybug, Dysmicoccus brevipes (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and the compatibility of control agents with nematodes

Marcelo Zart
Marcelo Zart
, 
Mariana Ferracim de Macedo
Mariana Ferracim de Macedo
, 
Jael Simões Santos Rando
Jael Simões Santos Rando
, 
Gabriela Souza Doneze
Gabriela Souza Doneze
, 
Cassia Pereira Brito
Cassia Pereira Brito
, 
Rodrigo de Souza Poletto
Rodrigo de Souza Poletto
 und 
Viviane Sandra Alves
Viviane Sandra Alves
   | 01. Jan. 2021
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Online veröffentlicht: 01. Jan. 2021
Seitenbereich: 1 - 10
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21307/jofnem-2021-020
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© 2021 Authors, published by Sciendo.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1:

Mortality (%) from Dysmicoccus brevipes adult female (mean ± SD) caused by entomopathogenic nematodes applied in different concentrations in laboratory conditions (25 ± 1°, RH 70 ± 10% and without photophase). *Regression equations: NEPET11: y = −0.006 x 2 + 1,5478x + 22,985. R 2 = 0.732; IBCB40: y = 0.0045 x 2 + 12,568x + 15.6. R 2 = 0.8257.
Mortality (%) from Dysmicoccus brevipes adult female (mean ± SD) caused by entomopathogenic nematodes applied in different concentrations in laboratory conditions (25 ± 1°, RH 70 ± 10% and without photophase). *Regression equations: NEPET11: y = −0.006 x 2 + 1,5478x + 22,985. R 2 = 0.732; IBCB40: y = 0.0045 x 2 + 12,568x + 15.6. R 2 = 0.8257.

Figure 2:

Mortality (%) from Dysmicoccus brevipes adult female (mean ± SD) caused by Heterorhabditis amazonensis (NEPET11) at different depths of sand column, under laboratory conditions.
Mortality (%) from Dysmicoccus brevipes adult female (mean ± SD) caused by Heterorhabditis amazonensis (NEPET11) at different depths of sand column, under laboratory conditions.

Figure 3:

Mortality (%) of Dysmicoccus brevipes adult females (mean ± SD) caused by Heterorhabditis amazonensis (NEPET11) in a circular arena for observation of horizontal displacement.
Mortality (%) of Dysmicoccus brevipes adult females (mean ± SD) caused by Heterorhabditis amazonensis (NEPET11) in a circular arena for observation of horizontal displacement.

Compatibility of the entomopathogenic nematode Heterohabditis amazonensis (NEPET11) exposed for 48 hours to phytosanitary products registered or in the process of registration for cassava culture (IOBC/WPRS Protocol) (Vainio, 1992).

Data Treatment Viability (%)a Infectivity (%) MC% Rinf% E% Classificationb
28/05/2015 Control 92.2 ± 0.6 aa 92 ± 3.7 a – – – –
Curyom 550 EC 90.8 ± 1.2 a 8 ± 3.7 b 1.52 91.30 92.82 Moderately toxic
Poquer 79.8 ± 3.1 b 90 ± 6.3 a 13.45 2.17 15.62 Innocuous
20/06/2015 Control 99.4 ± 0.2 a 86 ± 5.1 a – – – –
Fusilade 250 EW 99.2 ± 0.4 a 62 ± 8.6 a 0.20 27.91 28.11 Innocuous
Cipermetrina 250 EC 97.4 ± 0.6 b 80 ± 8.9 a 2.01 6.98 8.99 Innocuous
Gamit 360 CS 99.0 ± 0.3ab 74 ± 9.3 a 0.40 13.95 14.36 Innocuous
Nomolt® 150 99.2 ± 0.2 a 66 ± 6.8 a 0.20 23.26 23.46 Innocuous
Callisto 98.0 ± 0.5 ab 90 ± 5.5 a 1.4 0.00 1.41 Innocuous
24/07/2015 Control 92.8 ± 0.9 a 86 ± 2.4 a – – – –
Tiger 100 EC 76.6 ± 2.5 b 76 ± 2.4 a 17.46 11.63 29.08 Innocuous
Standak top® 87.2 ± 1.7 a 72 ± 4.9 a 6.03 16.28 22.31 Innocuous
Actara 250 WG 70.8 ± 1.9 b 86 ± 5.1 a 23.71 0.00 23.71 Innocuous
Gaucho FS 71.2 ± 2.5 b 86 ± 2.4 a 23.28 0.00 23.28 Innocuous

Isolates, species, and collection sites of Heterorhabditis amazonensis and Heterorhabditis indica used in the selection test for adult females of Dysmicoccus brevipes in laboratory conditions.

Isolate Species Reference Collection location
RSC05 H. amazonensis Andaló et al. (2006) Benjamin Constant – AM – Brazil
GL (Alho) H. amazonensis Andaló et al. (2009) Lavras – MG – Brazil
JPM4 H. amazonensis Molina et al. (2005), Andaló et al. (2014) Lavras – MG – Brazil
RSC 03 H. amazonensis Andaló et al. (2006) Benjamin Constant – AM – Brazil
JPM3 H. amazonensis Molina et al. (2005), Andaló et al. (2014) Lavras – MG – Brazil
IBCB-n40 H. amazonensis Dell’Acqua et al. (2013) Taboporã – SP – Brazil
IBCB-n46 H. amazonensis Dell’Acqua et al. (2013) Santo Antônio de Posse – SP– Brazil
IBCB-n44 H. amazonensis Dell’Acqua et al. (2013) Santa Adélia – SP – Brazil
NEPET11 H. amazonensis Ribeiro (2018) Palmeira das Missões – RS– Brazil
IBCB-n05 H. indica Dell’Acqua et al. (2013) Itapetininga – SP – Brazil

Trade name, biological activity, active ingredient, and dose of commercial product of phytosanitary products registered or in the process of registration for cassava culture, evaluated for compatibility with Heterohabditis amazonensis (isolated NEPET11) (AGROFIT, 2020).

Commercial name Biological activity Active ingredient Situation Dose/Haa Dose/Lb
Curyom 550 EC Insecticide Lufenuron 50 g/L + profenofos 500 g/L Registered 300 mL 2.08 mL
Gaucho FS Insecticide Imidacloprid 600 g/L Not registered 360 mL 2.50 mL
Actara 250 WG Insecticide Thiamethoxam 250 g/kg Not registered 150 g 1.04 g
Tiger 100 EC Insecticide Pyriproxyfen 100 g/L Not registered 220 g 2.50 g
Nomolt 150 Insecticide Teflubenzuron 150 g/L Registered 300 mL 1.50 mL
Cipermetrina 250EC Insecticide Cypermethrin 250.0 g/L Registered 50 mL 2.08 mL
Standak Top Insecticide Fungicide Pyraclostrobin 25 g/L + Thiophanate-methyl 225 g/L + Fipronil 250 g/L Not registered 360 mL 0.69 mL
Poquer Herbicide Clethodim 240g/L Registered 400 mL 2.77 mL
Fusilade 250 EW Herbicide fluazifop-butyl 250 g/L Registered 700 mL 4.84 mL
Gamit 360 CS Herbicide Clomazone 360.0 g/L Registered 2,000 mL 13.83 mL
Callisto Herbicide Mesotrione 480.0 g/L Not registered 400 mL 2.77 mL

Mortality (%) of Dysmicoccus brevipes female (mean ± SD) caused by isolates of Heterorhabditis in laboratory conditions (25 ± 1°, UR 70 ± 10% and without photophase).

Isolate Species % Mortality
Control – 0.0 ± 0.0 aa
RSC05 H. amazonensis 46.0 ± 6.0 bc
IBCB-n46 H. amazonensis 48.5 ± 10.3 bc
IBCB-n44 H. amazonensis 48.9 ± 20.1 bc
IBCB-n05 H. indica 52.5 ± 6.5 bc
JPM4 H. amazonensis 54.0 ± 8.7 bc
JPM3 H. amazonensis 54.7 ± 6.3 bc
RSC 03 H. amazonensis 59.4 ± 7.4 cd
GL (Alho) H. amazonensis 61.0 ± 14.8 cd
IBCB-n40 H. amazonensis 84.0 ± 8.1 de
NEPET11 H. amazonensis 93.8 ± 4.1 e
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