The Competition for Gifts: The Social Mechanism of the Revival of Popular Religion – An Ethnographic Study of Fu Village in Eastern Zhejiang

Name	Production process	Chanter payment
Four-Person, Eight-Surname Buddha	Four people who have different surnames and whose spouses have different surnames (for a total of eight) chant scriptures for four days	Two Buddhas (bundles of consecrated Buddha paper), each worth 120 yuan
Ten-Person, Five-Hundred-Year-Old Buddha	Ten people whose ages total between 500 and 505 years old chant for ten days	Two Buddhas, each worth 240 yuan
Thirty-Three-Day Buddha	Thirty-three people chant for thirty-three days	Three Buddhas, each worth 800 yuan
Twelve-Zodiac Buddha	The owner of a new house invites twelve people with different Zodiac signs over to chant scriptures together for one day	108 yuan
Golden Dragon Buddha	One hundred people chant together for a month	One Buddha worth 1,000 yuan

阶层	职业	户数比例	家庭年纯收入（万元）	信仰消费年平均开支（万元）
上层	私营企业主	8.7%	>30	>1
中上层	作坊主、个体户	22.6%	15~30	0.2~1
中层	兼业（打工、务农）	56.8%	4~15	0.05~0.2
下层	无固定收入来源	11.9%	<4	–1~–0.3*

Class	Occupation	Percentage of the population	Family annual net income (tens of thousands of yuan)	Per-family average annual Buddha paper expenditure (tens of thousands of yuan)
Upper	Private business owners	8.7	>30	>1
Uppemiddle	Workshop owners, self-employed individuals	22.6	15~30	0.2~1
Middle	Part-time (odd-jobbing; farming)	56.8	4~15	0.05~0.2
Lower	No fixed source of income	11.9	<4	−1~−0.3*

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