A simplified maturity index to quantify the development stage of perennial ryegrass ( L.) and its relationship with yield and nutritive value

Heba Salama; Marc Loesche; Antje Herrmann; Friedhelm Taube; Martin Gierus

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A simplified maturity index to quantify the development stage of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and its relationship with yield and nutritive value

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| 30. Juni 2017

Die Bodenkultur: Journal of Land Management, Food and Environment

Band 68 (2017): Heft 2 (June 2017)

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Article Category: Research Article

Online veröffentlicht: 30. Juni 2017

Seitenbereich: 89 - 101

Eingereicht: 19. März 2017

Akzeptiert: 24. Juli 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/boku-2017-0009

Schlüsselwörter
perennial ryegrass, development stage, nutritive value, covariable, genotype

© 2017 Heba Salama, Marc Loesche, Antje Herrmann, Friedhelm Taube, Martin Gierus, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Classification of Lolium perenne L. developmental stages according to Park (1980)Tabelle 3. Klassifizierung des Entwicklungsstadiums von Lolium perenne L. nach Park (1980)

Code	Abbreviation	Description
1	S0	No elongated leaf sheath
2	S1	1 elongated leaf sheath (1 fully developed leaf)
3	S2	2 elongated leaf sheaths (2 fully developed leafs)
4	S3	3 or more elongated leaf sheaths (3 fully developed leafs)
5	K1	1 tactile node
6	K2	2 tactile nodes
7	K3	3 or more tactile nodes
8	B	Swelling of the upper leaf sheath indicating presence of the inflorescence inside it (boot stage)
9	G1.1	Beginning of heading, the upper 1-2 cm of the inflorescence is visible
10	G1.5	50 % of the inflorescence emerged
11	G1.9	The inflorescence fully emerged and the inflorescence peduncle is visible
12	OH	Inflorescence peduncle fully emerged
13	G2.1	Beginning of flowering (anthesis), some anthers are visible
14	G2.5	Full flowering, maximum number of anthers are visible
15	G2.9	End of flowering, only few anthers are still visible
16	G3	Milk ripe
17	G4	Dough ripe

Means of ADL and DOM contents (g kg-1) of the 20 tested genotypes for the two cuts as analyzed with and without the covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 9. Mittlere Gehalte für ADL und VOM (g kg-1) der 20 untersuchten Sorten aus 2 Aufwüchsen mit und ohne Berücksichtigung der Kovariable (SMI8)

	ADL				DOM
Genotype	Without SMI8		With SMI8		Without SMI8		With SMI8
	Cut 1	Cut 2	Cut 1	Cut 2	Cut 1	Cut 2	Cut 1	Cut 2
1	16.7 B a	21.0 A ab	16.2 B ab	20.9 A ab	803.0 A abc Within parameters and within each set of means comparison, different capital letter points out significant difference between the two cuts for the same genotype, while, different small letter(s) point out significant difference(s) among the twenty genotypes within each cut according to the LSD test at 0.05 level of probability. Data were averaged over years and sampling dates. SMI8 represents the percentage of tillers above the boot stage.	752.1 B abcde	807.2 A ab	752.3 B abcde
2	16.9 B a	20.1 A ab	16.7 B a	20.5 A ab	803.2 A abc	762.6 B ab	805.0 A ab	759.2 B abc
3	15.1 B abc	22.8 A ab	15.2 B ab	22.5 A ab	813.2 A abc	732.3 B cde	812.3 A ab	735.2 B cde
4	12.0 B c	20.8 A ab	12.5 B b	20.6 A ab	832.6 A a	745.5 B bcde	828.3 A a	747.5 B bcde
5	17.9 B a	21.3 A ab	17.2 B a	21.3 A ab	793.5 A bc	746.8 B bcde	799.8 A ab	746.8 B bcde
6	18.0 B a	20.9 A ab	17.2 B a	21.0 A ab	785.6 A c	755.1 B abcde	792.4 A b	754.6 B abcde
7	14.6 B abc	22.1 A ab	15.2 B ab	22.1 A ab	830.2 A a	748.3 B bcde	825.2 A ab	748.4 B bcde
8	13.9 B abc	21.1 A ab	14.3 B ab	21.3 A ab	830.0 A a	745.4 B bcde	826.0 A a	743.8 B bcde
9	12.4 B bc	18.1 A b	12.7 B b	18.6 A b	833.7 A a	780.6 B a	831.3 A a	776.4 B a
10	15.0 B abc	18.5 A b	14.8 B ab	18.6 A b	809.7 A abc	778.6 B a	811.6 A ab	777.7 B a
11	15.7 B abc	20.3 A ab	15.9 B ab	20.7 A ab	813.9 A abc	764.8 B ab	812.6 A ab	761.6 B abc
12	14.6 B abc	20.9 A ab	14.9 B ab	20.8 A ab	824.8 A ab	751.7 B abcde	822.0 A ab	752.1 B abcde
13	14.7 B abc	19.1 A b	14.9 B ab	19.2 A b	816.8 A abc	765.8 B ab	814.4 A ab	764.6 B ab
14	16.6 B ab	21.1 A ab	16.2 B ab	21.2 A ab	807.9 A abc	759.3 B abc	811.2 A ab	759.1 B abc
15	15.2 B abc	24.8 A a	15.3 B ab	24.2 A a	817.1 A abc	726.0 B e	816.8 A ab	731.4 B de
16	14.8 B abc	21.5 A ab	15.0 B ab	21.2 A ab	820.8 A ab	753.0 B abcde	819.3 A ab	755.4 B abcd
17	16.7 B a	20.4 A ab	16.3 B ab	20.7 A ab	804.9 A abc	767.9 B ab	808.2 A ab	765.0 B ab
18	15.0 B abc	24.2 A a	15.2 B ab	24.1 A a	827.4 A ab	727.7 B de	825.6 A a	728.9 B e
19	16.0 A abc	18.5 A b	15.9 B ab	18.9 A b	807.6 A abc	772.1 B ab	808.3 A ab	768.6 B ab
20	17.5 B a	20.7 A ab	17.0 B a	20.6 A ab	802.0 A abc	757.1 B abcd	806.9 A ab	757.7 B abcd

Min.	12.0	18.1	12.5	18.6	785.6	726.0	792.4	728.9
Max.	18.0	24.8	17.2	24.2	833.7	780.6	831.3	777.7
Range	6.0	6.7	4.7	5.6	48.1	54.6	38.9	48.8

S.E.	0.85		0.82		5.7		5.5

Harvesting schedule for the two experimental seasonsTabelle 2. Erntetermine für die zwei Versuchsjahre

Cut	Sampling number	Year 1	Year 2
	1	15 May	08 May
1	2	29 May	13 May
	3	09 June	23 May

	1	28 June	18 June
2	2	03 July	22 June
	3	11 July	03 July

3	1	23 Aug.	17 Aug.

4	1	10 Oct.	10 Oct.

Genotypes included in the studyTabelle 1. Liste der in der Studie verwendeten Sorten

Genotype	Heading date the heading date is provided as number of days after April 1^st	Registration year
1	54	1993
2	56	1997
3	58	1987
4	63	1995
5	53	not registered
6	53	not registered
7	62	not registered
8	63	not registered
9	61	2005
10	55	1999
11	60	2003
12	62	2004
13	63	2009
14	55	2008
15	61	not registered
16	64	not registered
17	54	2007
18	55	not registered
19	55	2007
20	56	2007

Statistical data of the calibration of NIRS for NDF, ADF, ADL and DOM of the investigated genotypesTabelle 4. NIRS Kalibrationsstatistik für NDF, ADF, ADL und VOM der untersuchten Sorten

Parameter (g kg^-1)	n n: number of samples; SEC: Standard error of calibration; SEV: Standard error of validation	Mean	Range	R²	SEC	SEV
NDF	96	566.5	413.9-692.6	0.93	16.00	20.79
ADF	92	280.0	173.5-362.7	0.97	7.03	10.28
ADL	63	20.0	3.7-41.1	0.54	5.60	5.32
DOM	99	768.7	610.0-897.1	0.98	9.90	15.50

Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between the tested maturity indices, i.e., Mean stage by count (MSC) and Simple maturity indices SMIi (i = 3-12), and forage quality parametersTabelle 5. Spearman Korrelationskoeffizienten zwischen den getesteten Indices, d.h. “mean stage by count” (MSC) und “simply maturity indices” SMIi (i = 3-12), und Futterqualitätsparameter

									SMI_i

Cur	Sampling date	Parameter	MSC	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12

				S2	S3	K1	K2	K3	B	Gl.l	G1.5	G1.9	OH
1	1	NDF	0.32**	0.04	0.10	0.36**	0.31*	0.21*	0.22*	0.17
1	1	ADF	0.34**	0.06	0.14	0.37**	0.32*	0.20*	0.24*	0.22*
1	1	ADL	0.54**	0.03	0.18	0.48**	0.55**	0.48**	0.44**	0.40**
1	1	DOM	-0.84**	-0.03	-0.49**	-0.85**	-0.82**	-0.69**	-0.74**	-0.59**
1	1	Yield	0.04	0.07	0.03	0.01	0.09	0.07	0.02	0.1
1	2	NDF	0.57**	0.06	0.54**	0.48**	0.59**	0.52**	0.62**	0.58**	0.57**
1	2	ADF	0.67**	0.11	0.62**	0.56**	0.68**	0.62**	0.68**	0.59**	0.61**
1	2	ADL	0.51**	0.05	0.44**	0.42**	0.52**	0.47**	0.63**	0.55**	0.58**
1	2	DOM	-0.69**	-0.08	-0.59**	-0.53**	-0.72**	-0.65**	-0.68**	-0.64**	-0.69**
1	2	Yield	0.34	0.07	0.16	0.39	0.40*	0.39	0.23	0.22	0.08

1	3	NDF	0.78**	0.22*	0.25*	0.48**	0.70**	0.76**	0.81**	0.67**	0.64**	0.39**
1	3	ADF	0.72**	0.31*	0.32**	0.53**	0.72**	0.74**	0.74**	0.55**	0.56**	0.59**
1	3	ADL	0.83**	0.21*	0.19	0.37**	0.59**	0.70**	0.83**	0.79**	0.77**	0.55**
1	3	DOM	-0.81**	-0.23*	-0.21*	-0.39**	-0.63**	-0.75**	-0.81**	-0.73**	-0.73**	-0.54**
1	3	Yield	0.26	0.71**	0.37	0.37	0.49*	0.40*	0.21	0.04	0.04	0.0002

2	1	NDF	0.47**	0.14	0.21*	0.43**	0.39**	0.33**	0.39**	0.49**	0.55**	0.56**	0.40**
2	1	ADF	0.39**	0.17	0.21*	0.32**	0.27*	0.23*	0.32**	0.43**	0.50**	0.49**	0.32**
2	1	ADL	0.48**	0.17	0.31*	0.54**	0.49**	0.40**	0.38**	0.41**	0.46**	0.46**	0.31*
2	1	DOM	-0.51**	-0.12	-0.26*	-0.44**	-0.41**	-0.37**	-0.41**	-0.56**	-0.66**	-0.65**	-0.51**
2	1	Yield	0.12	0.02	0.02	0.06	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.19	0.33**	0.28*	0.28*

2	2	NDF	0.31*	0.04	0.037	0.20*	0.22*	0.26*	0.28*	0.36**	0.40**	0.21*	0.19
2	2	ADF	0.33**	0.18	0.08	0.17	0.18	0.25*	0.34**	0.37**	0.38**	0.20*	0.21*
2	2	ADL	0.47**	0.12	0.11	0.34**	0.36**	0.37**	0.31*	0.39**	0.49**	0.36**	0.31*
2	2	DOM	-0.35**	-0.10	-0.05	-0.28*	-0.28*	-0.30*	-0.26*	-0.33**	-0.42**	-0.24*	-0.23*
2	2	Yield	0.003	0.006	0.005	0.002	0.002	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.004	0.007	0.004

2	3	NDF	0.18	0.03	0.20*	0.09	0.13	0.17	0.18	0.26*	0.29*	0.16	0.09
2	3	ADF	0.18	0.001	0.20*	0.09	0.16	0.18	0.20*	0.27*	0.30*	0.17	0.09
2	3	ADL	0.21*	0.0006	0.24*	0.16	0.20*	0.23*	0.23*	0.28*	0.33**	0.22*	0.15
2	3	DOM	-0.40**	-0.01	-0.39**	-0.28*	-0.37**	-0.41**	-0.43**	-0.50**	-0.54**	-0.41**	-0.24*
2	3	Yield	0.14	0.0004	0.15	0.21*	0.21*	0.18	0.16	0.13	0.14	0.17	0.35**

Means of NDF and ADF contents (g kg-1) of the 20 tested genotypes for the two cuts as analyzed with and without the covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 8. Mittlere Gehalte für NDF und ADF (g kg-1) der 20 untersuchten Sorten aus 2 Aufwüchsen mit und ohne Berücksichtigung der Kovariable (SMI8)

	NDF				ADF
Genotype	Without SMI8		With SMI8		Without SMI8		With SMI8

	Cut 1	Cut 2	Cut 1	Cut 2	Cut 1	Cut 2	Cut 1	Cut 2
1	517.2 B abc Within parameters and within each set of means comparison, a different capital letter points out significant difference between the two cuts for the same genotype, while, different small letter(s) point out significant difference(s) among the twenty genotypes within each cut according to the LSD test at 0.05 level of probability. Data were averaged over years and sampling dates. SMI8 represents the percentage of tillers above the boot stage.	587.0 A abcd	513.8 B a	586.8 A abcd	247.3 B ab	290.3 A abc	244.4 B a	290.2 A abc
2	536.5 B ab	576.7 A bcde	535.1 B a	579.4 A bcde	263.4 B a	285.2 A bc	262.2 B a	287.5 A abc
3	511.9 B abc	596.5 A ab	512.7 B a	594.3 A abc	241.8 B ab	293.5 A abc	242.4 B a	291.6 A abc
4	484.0 B bc	587.2 A abcd	487.4 B a	585.6 A abcd	223.3 B b	291.3 A abc	226.3 B a	290.0 A abc
5	538.7 B a	593.5 A abc	533.7 B a	593.6 A abc	259.4 B ab	295.5 A abc	255.1 B a	295.6 A ab
6	540.7 B a	588.3 A abc	535.3 B a	588.7 A abcd	264.2 B a	293.6 A abc	259.6 B a	294.0 A abc
7	515.0 B abc	594.6 A abc	519.0 B a	594.5 A abc	241.1 B ab	291.5 A abc	244.5 B a	291.4 A abc
8	500.8 B abc	593.1 A abc	503.9 B a	594.3 A abc	230.3 B ab	293.8 A abc	233.0 B a	294.9 A abc
9	482.2 B c	558.8 A de	484.1 B a	562.1 A de	220.3 B b	265.3 A d	222.0 B a	268.1 A d
10	504.7 B abc	552.8 A e	503.2 B a	553.5 A e	242.2 B ab	265.8 A d	240.9 B a	266.4 A d
11	513.6 B abc	571.9 A bcde	514.7 B a	574.5 A cde	245.8 B ab	278.1 A cd	246.7 B a	280.3 A bcd
12	503.0 B abc	586.7 A abcd	505.2 B a	586.4 A abcd	237.3 B ab	292.2 A abc	239.2 B a	292.0 A abc
13	505.8 B abc	568.0 A bcde	507.7 B a	568.9 A cde	242.1 B ab	277.4 A cd	243.8 B a	278.2 A cd
14	520.3 B abc	582.4 A abcd	517.8 B a	582.5 A abcd	246.2 B ab	283.5 A bcd	244.0 B a	283.6 A bcd
15	513.0 B abc	610.0 A a	513.3 B a	605.7 A ab	246.6 B ab	306.5 A a	246.8 B a	302.8 A a
16	502.0 B abc	579.2 A bcde	503.2 B a	577.3 A cde	234.5 B ab	281.2 A cd	235.5 B a	279.6 A bcd
17	521.0 B abc	576.6 A bcde	518.4 B a	578.9 A bcde	245.9 B ab	281.1 A cd	243.7 B a	283.1 A bcd
18	501.3 B abc	609.6 A a	502.7 B a	608.7 A a	229.8 B ab	302.1 A ab	231.0 B a	301.3 A a
19	512.8 B abc	565.9 A cde	512.2 B a	568.7 A cde	245.4 B ab	277.3 A cd	244.9 B a	279.7 A bcd
20	536.3 B ab	582.5 A abcd	532.4 B a	582.0 A bcd	261.5 B ab	289.5 A abc	258.1 B a	289.1 A abc

Min.	482.2	552.8	484.1	553.5	220.3	265.3	222.0	266.4
Max.	540.7	610.0	535.3	608.7	264.2	306.5	262.2	302.8
Range	58.5	57.2	51.2	55.2	43.9	41.2	40.2	36.4

S.E.	8.9		8.8		7.2		7.2

Means of DOM (g kg-1) of the 20 tested genotypes for the 2nd sampling date within 1st and 2nd cuts as analysed with and without the covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 11. Mittlere VOM (g kg-1) der 20 untersuchten Sorten für den 2. Erntetermin des 1. und 2. Aufwuchses mit oder ohne Berücksichtigung der Kovariable (SMI8)

Genotype	1st Cut		2nd Cut

	Without SMI8	With SMI8	Without SMI8	With SMI8
1	813.2 abc Means followed by the same letter(s) within the same column are not significantly different according to the LSD test at 0.05 level of probability. SMI8 represents the percentage of tillers above the boot stage.	820.9 a	757.0 bcd	757.5 bcde
2	809.5 abc	810.4 a	771.9 abc	771.6 abcd
3	818.9 abc	815.3 a	752.6 cd	752.1 bcde
4	844.4 a	838.1 a	750.2 cd	750.2 cde
5	801.0 bc	812.5 a	757.3 abcd	758.1 bcde
6	788.3 c	804.5 a	765.8 abcd	766.2 abcde
7	839.6 ab	829.5 a	755.5 bcd	757.6 bcde
8	838.4 ab	827.4 a	748.7 cd	747.0 de
9	842.2 ab	835.8 a	786.0 ab	783.2 ab
10	813.6 abc	818.4 a	789.5 a	791.1 a
11	816.1 abc	812.5 a	776.3 abc	775.1 abcd
12	828.1 abc	821.2 a	768.6 abc	768.5 abcde
13	831.6 ab	827.4 a	774.6 abc	772.6 abcd
14	810.6 abc	818.5 a	770.2 abc	769.4 abcde
15	829.1 abc	823.0 a	735.1 d	737.8 e
16	830.4 abc	823.7 a	760.0 abcd	760.3 abcde
17	809.3 abc	815.6 a	780.3 abc	779.3 abc
18	831.8 ab	826.5 a	734.3 d	736.9 e
19	814.8 abc	815.6 a	780.9 abc	779.2 abc
20	818.9 abc	833.0 a	759.9 abcd	760.9 abcde

Min. DOM content	788.3	804.5	734.3	736.9
Max. DOM content	844.4	838.1	789.5	791.1
Range	56.1	33.6	55.2	54.2

S.E.	8.0	9.1	6.0	6.2

Genotypic influence on DOM (g kg-1) in absence and presence of the covariable (SMI8) for the 2nd sampling date within 1st and 2nd cutsTabelle 10. Einfluss der Sorte auf die VOM (g kg-1) mit oder ohne Berücksichtigung der Kovariable (SMI8) für den 2. Erntetermin des 1. und 2. Aufwuchses

Effect	1st Cut		2nd Cut

	Without SMI8	With SMI8	Without SMI8	With SMI8
Genotype	3.39***	1.21	6.57***	5.45***
Block	0.91	0.69	1.84	1.80
Covariable (B)		8.60**		2.25

Slope		-0.70		-0.28

F-values of genotype, sampling date, cut and their interactions on yield and feed quality parameters without using covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 6. F-Werte für Sorte, Erntetermin, Aufwuchs und Wechselwirkungen für Ertrag und Futterqualität ohne Kovariable (SMI8)

Factor	Dry matter yield (t ha^-1)	NDF	ADF	ADL	DOM
Factor	Dry matter yield (t ha^-1)		--------------g kg^-1--------------
Genotype (G)	1.70	8.95 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	7.23 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	6.67 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	16.21 Significant at 0.001 level of probability
Cut (C)	0.00	688.95 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	460.61 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	391.26 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	759.43 Significant at 0.001 level of probability
Sampling date (SD)	367.78 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	179.69 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	366.78 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	105.18 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	1144.59 Significant at 0.001 level of probability
Block	0.07	14.95 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	13.79 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	2.70	0.84
G × C	2.07 Non-significant after applying Bonferroni-Holm test.	2.89 Significant at 0.01 level of probability	2.68 Significant at 0.01 level of probability	3.44 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	5.17 Significant at 0.001 level of probability
G × SD	1.48	0.77	0.91	1.13	1.39
C × SD	109.45 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	18.14 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	47.64 Significant at 0.001 level of probability	1.58	46.50 Significant at 0.001 level of probability
G × C × SD	0.89	0.98	1.07	1.16	1.59

F-values of genotype, sampling date, cut and their interactions on yield and forage quality parameters with covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 7. F-Werte für Sorte, Erntetermin, Aufwuchs und Wechselwirkungen für Ertrag und Futterqualität mit Kovariable (SMI8)

Factor	Dry matter yield (t ha^-1)	NDF	ADF	ADL	DOM
Factor	Dry matter yield (t ha^-1)	------------------------g kg^-1------------------------
Genotype (G)	1.47	6.78 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	5.35 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	4.42 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	8.78 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.
Cut (C)	0.06	775.99 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	526.60 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	493.86 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	980.28 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.
Sampling date (SD)	122.78 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	87.94 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	167.79 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	44.71 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	278.84 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.
Block	0.15	15.94 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	14.97 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	2.53	1.26
Covariable (SMI8)	8.64 Significant at 0.01 level of probability.	8.95 Significant at 0.01 level of probability.	15.41 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	12.27 Significant at 0.01 level of probability.	20.65 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.
G × C	1.54	2.09 Significant at 0.05 level of probability.	2.00 Significant at 0.05 level of probability.	2.19 Significant at 0.05 level of probability.	3.80 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.
G × SD	1.35	0.74	0.90	0.97	1.21
C × SD	65.34 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	7.62 Significant at 0.01 level of probability.	23.69 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.	3.51 Significant at 0.05 level of probability.	12.58 Significant at 0.001 level of probability.
G × C × SD	1.03	1.04	1.11	1.15	1.60

Slope	0.90	0.30	0.30	0.05	-0.43

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A simplified maturity index to quantify the development stage of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and its relationship with yield and nutritive value

Article Category: Research Article

Online veröffentlicht: 30. Juni 2017

Seitenbereich: 89 - 101

Eingereicht: 19. März 2017

Akzeptiert: 24. Juli 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/boku-2017-0009

Schlüsselwörterperennial ryegrass, development stage, nutritive value, covariable, genotype

© 2017 Heba Salama, Marc Loesche, Antje Herrmann, Friedhelm Taube, Martin Gierus, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Classification of Lolium perenne L. developmental stages according to Park (1980)Tabelle 3. Klassifizierung des Entwicklungsstadiums von Lolium perenne L. nach Park (1980)

Means of ADL and DOM contents (g kg-1) of the 20 tested genotypes for the two cuts as analyzed with and without the covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 9. Mittlere Gehalte für ADL und VOM (g kg-1) der 20 untersuchten Sorten aus 2 Aufwüchsen mit und ohne Berücksichtigung der Kovariable (SMI8)

Harvesting schedule for the two experimental seasonsTabelle 2. Erntetermine für die zwei Versuchsjahre

Genotypes included in the studyTabelle 1. Liste der in der Studie verwendeten Sorten

Statistical data of the calibration of NIRS for NDF, ADF, ADL and DOM of the investigated genotypesTabelle 4. NIRS Kalibrationsstatistik für NDF, ADF, ADL und VOM der untersuchten Sorten

Means of NDF and ADF contents (g kg-1) of the 20 tested genotypes for the two cuts as analyzed with and without the covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 8. Mittlere Gehalte für NDF und ADF (g kg-1) der 20 untersuchten Sorten aus 2 Aufwüchsen mit und ohne Berücksichtigung der Kovariable (SMI8)

Genotypic influence on DOM (g kg-1) in absence and presence of the covariable (SMI8) for the 2nd sampling date within 1st and 2nd cutsTabelle 10. Einfluss der Sorte auf die VOM (g kg-1) mit oder ohne Berücksichtigung der Kovariable (SMI8) für den 2. Erntetermin des 1. und 2. Aufwuchses

F-values of genotype, sampling date, cut and their interactions on yield and feed quality parameters without using covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 6. F-Werte für Sorte, Erntetermin, Aufwuchs und Wechselwirkungen für Ertrag und Futterqualität ohne Kovariable (SMI8)

F-values of genotype, sampling date, cut and their interactions on yield and forage quality parameters with covariable (SMI8)Tabelle 7. F-Werte für Sorte, Erntetermin, Aufwuchs und Wechselwirkungen für Ertrag und Futterqualität mit Kovariable (SMI8)

Schlüsselwörter
perennial ryegrass, development stage, nutritive value, covariable, genotype