Validity of the Gait Deviation Index in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

[1] Baker R., McGinley J.L., Schwartz M.H., Beynon S., Rozumalski A., Graham H.K., Tirosh O., The gait profile score and movement analysis profile, Gait Posture, 2009, 30, 265–269, DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.05.020. Search in Google Scholar

[2] Barut K., Adrovic A., Şahin S., Kasapçopur Ö., Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Balkan. Med. J., 2017, 34, 90–101, DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2017.0111. Search in Google Scholar

[3] Bazarnik-Mucha K., Snela S., Szczepanik M., Jarmuziewicz A., Guzik A., Wolińska O., Drużbicki M., Three-dimensional analysis of gait in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Acta Bioeng. Biomech., 2020, 22, 35–45, DOI: 10.37190/ABB-01511-2019-02. Search in Google Scholar

[4] Beukelman T., Patkar N.M., Sag K.G, Tolleson-Rinehart S., Cron R.Q., Dewitt E.M., Ilowite N.T., Kimura Y., Laxer R.M., Lovell D.J., Martini A., Rabinovich C.E., Ruperto N., American College of Rheumatology recommendations for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: initiation and safety monitoring of therapeutic agents for the treatment of arthritis and systemic features, Arthritis Care Res., 2011, 4, 465–482, DOI: 10.1002/acr.20460. Search in Google Scholar

[5] Broström E., Haglund-Åkerlind Y., Hagelberg S., Cresswell A.G., Gait in children with juvenile chronic arthritis. Timing and force parameters, Scand. J. Rheumatol. 2002, 31, 317–323, DOI: 10.1080/030097402320817022. Search in Google Scholar

[6] Broström E., Örtqvist M., Haglund-Åkerlind Y., Hagelberg S., Gutierrez-Farewik E., Trunk and center of mass movements during gait in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Hum. Mov. Sci., 2007, 26, 296–305, DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2007.01.007. Search in Google Scholar

[7] Butland R.J., Pang J., Gross E.R., Woodcock A.A., Geddes D.M., Two, six and twelve minute walking tests in respiratory disease, Br. Med. J., 1982, 29, 1604–1608, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.284.6329.1607. Search in Google Scholar

[8] Cimolin V., Galli M., Vimercati S.L., Albertini G., Use of the Gait Deviation Index for the assessment of gastrocnemius fascia lengthening in children with cerebral palsy, Res. Dev. Disabil., 2011, 32, 377–381, DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.10.017. Search in Google Scholar

[9] Collen F.M., Wade D.T., Bradshaw C.M., Mobility after stroke: reliability of measures of impairment and disability, Int. Disabil. Stud., 1990, 12, 6–9, DOI: 10.3109/03790799009166594. Search in Google Scholar

[10] Davis R.B., Õunpuu S., Tyburski D., Gage J.R., A gait analysis data collection and reduction technique, Hum. Mov. Sci., 1991, 10, 575–87, DOI: 10.1016/0167-9457(91)90046-Z. K. Search in Google Scholar

[11] Esbjörnsson A.C., Rozumalski A., Iversen M.D., Schwartz M.H., Wretenberg P., Broström E.W., Quantifying gait deviations in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis using the Gait Deviation Index, Scand. J. Rheumatol., 2014, 43, 124–131, DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2013.822095. Search in Google Scholar

[12] Fairburn P.S., Panagamuwa B., Falkonakis A., Osborne S., Palmer R., Johnson B., Southwood T.R., The use of multidisciplinary assessment and scientific measurement in advanced juvenile idiopathic arthritis can categorise gait deviations to guide treatment, Arch. Dis. Child., 2002, 87, 160–161, DOI: 10.1136/adc.87.2.160. Search in Google Scholar

[13] Forneris E., Addreacchio A., Pollio C., Mannucci C., Franchini M., Mengoli C., Pagliarino M., Messina M., Gait analysis in children with haemophilia: first Italian experience at the Turin Haemophilia Centre, Haemophilia, 2016, 22, 184–191, DOI: 10.1111/hae.12920. Search in Google Scholar

[14] Galli M., Cimolin V., De Pandis M.F., Schwartz M.H., Albertini G., Use of the Gait Deviation Index for the evaluation of patients with Parkinson’s disease, J. Mot. Behav., 2012, 44, 161–167, DOI: 10.1080/00222895.2012.664180. Search in Google Scholar

[15] Hartmann M., Kreuzpointner F., Haefner R., Michels H., Schwirtz A., Haas J.P., Effects of juvenile idiopathic arthritis on kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremities call for consequences in physical activities recommendations, Inter. J. Pediatr. 2010, 83, 59–84, DOI: 10.1155/2010/835984. Search in Google Scholar

[16] Hartmann M., Schwirtz A., Haefner R., Michels H., Gait patterns of JIA polyarthritis – first kinematic results of a 3D motion analysis, Aktuel. Rheumatol., 2008, 33, 363–366. Search in Google Scholar

[17] Houghton K.M., Guzman J., Evaluation of static and dynamic postural balance in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Pediatr. Phys. Ther., 2013, 25, 150–157, DOI 10.1097/PEP.0b013e31828a2978. Search in Google Scholar

[18] Ito T., Ito Y., Nakai A., Sugiura H., Noritake K., Kidokoro H., Natsume J., Ochi N., Bilateral asymmetry in the gait deviation index in school-aged children with the trait of developmental coordination disorder, Gait Posture, 2021, 81, 174–179, DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.05.027. Search in Google Scholar

[19] Kuntze G., Nesbitt C., Nettel-Aguirre A., Esau S., Scholz R., Brooks J., Twilt M., Toomey C., Mosher D., Ronsky J.L., Benseler S., Emery C.A., Gait adaptations in youth with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Arthritis Care Res. (Hoboken), 2020, 72 (7), 917–924, DOI: 10.1002/acr.23919. Search in Google Scholar

[20] Maanum G., Jahnsen R., Stanghelle J.K., Sandvik L., Larsen K.L., Keller A., Face and construct validity of the Gait Deviation Index in adults with spastic cerebral palsy, J. Rehabil. Med. 2012, 44, 272–275, DOI: 10.2340/16501977-0930. Search in Google Scholar

[21] Massad A., Assi A., Skalli W., Ghanem I., Repeatability and validation of Gait Deviation Index in children: Typically developing and cerebral palsy, Gait Posture, 2014, 39, 354–358, DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.08.001. Search in Google Scholar

[22] Meldrum D., Shouldice C., Conroy R., Jones K., Forward M., Test-retest reliability of three dimensional gait analysis: including a novel approach to visualising agreement of gait cycle waveforms with Bland and Altman plots, Gait Posture, 2014, 39, 265–271, DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.07.130. Search in Google Scholar

[23] Merker J., Hartman M., Haas J.P., Schwirtz A., Combined three-dimensional gait and plantar pressure analyses detecting significant functional deficits in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Gait Posture, 2018, 66, 247–254, DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.08.041. Search in Google Scholar

[24] Molloy M., McDowell B.C., Kerr C., Cosgrove A.P., Further evidence of validity of the Gait Deviation Index, Gait Posture, 2010, 31, 479–482, DOI: 10.2340/16501977-0930. Search in Google Scholar

[25] Mukaka M.M., A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research, Malawi Med. J., 2012, 24, 69–71. Search in Google Scholar

[26] Ringold S.T., Angeles-Han S., Beukelman T., American College of Rheumatology/Arthritis Foundation Guideline for the Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Therapeutic Approaches for Non-Systemic Polyarthritis, Sacroiliitis, and Enthesitis, Arthritis Care Res., 2019, 71 (6), 717–734, DOI: 10.1002/acr.23870. Search in Google Scholar

[27] Schwartz M.H., Rozumalski A., The Gait Deviation Index: a new comprehensive index of gait pathology, Gait Posture, 2008, 8, 351–357, DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2008.05.001. Search in Google Scholar

[28] Sienko T.S., Buckon C.E., Nicorici A., Bagley A., McDonald C.M., Sussman M.D., Classification of the gait patterns of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and their relationship to function, J. Child. Neurol., 2010, 25, 1103–1109, DOI: 10.1177/0883073810371002. Search in Google Scholar

[29] Speciali D.S., Corrêa J.C.F., Luna N.M., Brant R., Greve J.M.D.A., de Godoy W., Baker R., Lucareli P.R.G., Validation of GDI, GPS and GVS for use in Parkinson’s disease through evaluation of effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation and levodopa, Gait Posture, 2014, 39, 1142–1145, DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.01.011. Search in Google Scholar

[30] Woolnough L., Pomputius L., Vincent H.K., Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, gait characteristics and relation to function, Gait Posture, 2021, 85, 38–54, DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.12.010. Search in Google Scholar

[31] Zakaria N.K., Syaiful L., Mustafah N.M., Manaf H., Ismail M., Jamil N., Can Gait Deviation Index (GDI) be an early indicator for children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD)?, International Information Institute (Tokyo), Information, Koganei 2017, 20, 6351–6360. Search in Google Scholar