About this article
Article Category: Current Development
Published Online: May 29, 2017
Page range: 7 - 12
Received: Feb 20, 2017
Accepted: Mar 06, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34763/devperiodmed.20172101.0712
© 2017 Kamil Zaręba, Iwona Sidorkiewicz, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Fig. 1
![The AR gene and its key protein transcripts. The AR is located on the X chromosome (locus: Xq11-Xq12) and includes 8 exons encoding 4 distinct domains: N-terminal domain (NTD), DNA-binding domain (DBD), hinge region, and ligand-binding domain (LBD). The above simplified scheme distinguishes: exons 1 to 8 of full-length AR (AR-FL), cryptic exons (i.e., CE1-4) of AR splice variants (AR-Vs) and AR45, and exon 9 of ArV567es. U - unique sequences not found in AR-FL. Adapted from [12].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64721c5b215d2f6c89dbc57b/j_devperiodmed.20172101.0712_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20240626T082602Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=18000&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKP25APDM2%2F20240626%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=ae38bb04941ded070db6b9d8335ab9afa992ded52d68ff97cf52736557ee8211)
The localization of ARs found in various tissues in women, and characterization of known AR-Vs [15,24-27]. NTD - N-terminal domain; DBD - DNA-binding domain; HR - hinge region; LBD - ligand-binding domain; CE - cryptic exon; ZF - zinc finger; U - unique N-terminal extension.
| Name | Aliases | Splice junction in AR-Vs and other structural changes in AR45 | Domains excluded | Confirmed tissue localization in women | Activity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR-FL | AR wild-type | Reference structure | None | Ovary, uterus, endometrium, cervix, placenta, vagina, vulva, breast, cervix, placenta, vagina, skin | Ligand-stimulated |
| AR45 | AR transcript variant 2 | NTD replaced by U which is linked to the DBD, HR, and LBD of the AR | NTD | ovary, cervix, breast, placenta | Conditional |
| AR-V1 | AR4 | 3/CE | HR to LBD | ovary, cervix, breast, placenta | Conditional |
| AR-V2 | AR1/2/2B | 3/3/CE1 | HR to LBD | Constitutive | |
| AR-V3 | - | 2/CE4 | ZF2 to LBD | ovary, cervix, breast, placenta | Constitutive |
| AR-V4 | AR5, AR1/2/3/2B | 3/CE4 | HR to LBD | Constitutive | |
| AR-V5 | - | 3/CE2 | HR to LBD | Constitutive | |
| AR-V6 | - | 3/CE2 | HR to LBD | Constitutive | |
| AR-V7 | AR3 | 3/CE3 | HR to LBD | ovary, cervix, breast, placenta | Constitutive |
| AR-V8 | - | 3/intron 3 | HR to LBD | Constitutive | |
| AR-V9 | - | 3/CE5 | HR to LBD | ovary, cervix, breast, placenta | Conditional |
| AR-V10 | - | 3/intron 3 | HR to LBD | Constitutive | |
| AR-V11 | - | 3/intron 3 | HR to LBD | Unknown | |
| AR-V12 | ARV567es | 4/8/9 | LBD (disrupted) | Constitutive | |
| AR-V13 | - | 6/9 | LBD (disrupted) | Inactive | |
| AR-V14 | - | 7/9 | Unknown | ||
| AR-V15 | - | 6/9 | LBD (disrupted) | Unknown | |
| AR-V16 | - | 8/9 | Unknown | ||
| AR-V17 | - | 8/9 | Unknown | ||
| AR-V18 | - | 6/9 | Unknown |