Morphometric variation of Spicara flexuosum Rafinesque, 1810 (Teleostei: Sparidae) inhabiting the Sea of Marmara, the Aegean and the Mediterranean Coast of Türkiye
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Avşar, D. (2016). Balıkçılık Biyolojisi ve Populasyon Dinamiği [Fisheries Biology and Population Dynamics]. Nobel Press. (In Turkish) https://doi.org/10.37609/akya.561AvşarD. (2016). . Nobel Press. (In Turkish) https://doi.org/10.37609/akya.561Search in Google Scholar
Aydın, M., & Bodur, B. (2021). Morphologic Characteristics and Length-Weight Relationships of Sciaena umbra (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Black Sea Coast. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(1), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.738661AydınM.BodurB. (2021). Morphologic Characteristics and Length-Weight Relationships of Sciaena umbra (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Black Sea Coast. , 10(1), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.738661Search in Google Scholar
Aydın, M., & Öztürk, R. Ç. (2021). Biometrics Characters, Length-Weight Relationships and Genetic Properties of Damselfish, Chromis chromis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Osteichthyes: Pomacentridae) from the Black Sea. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 17(2), 186–194. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.788314AydınM.ÖztürkR. Ç.(2021). Biometrics Characters, Length-Weight Relationships and Genetic Properties of Damselfish, Chromis chromis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Osteichthyes: Pomacentridae) from the Black Sea. , 17(2), 186–194. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.788314Search in Google Scholar
Bagenal, J. B., & Tesch, F. W. (1978). Methods for assessment of fish production in freshwaters (3rd ed.). Blackwell Science Publications.BagenalJ. B.TeschF. W. (1978). (3rd ed.). Blackwell Science Publications.Search in Google Scholar
Bal, H., Yanık, T., & Türker, D. (2021). Assessment of morphological variation between stocks of bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix (Actinopterygii, Perciformes, Pomatomidae), in the Aegean Sea, Black Sea, and Sea of Marmara. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria, 51(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.3897/aiep.51.63319BalH.YanıkT.TürkerD. (2021). Assessment of morphological variation between stocks of bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix (Actinopterygii, Perciformes, Pomatomidae), in the Aegean Sea, Black Sea, and Sea of Marmara. , 51(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.3897/aiep.51.63319Search in Google Scholar
Bauchot, M. L. (1987). Poissons osseux. In W. Fischer, M. L. Bauchot, & M. Schneider (Eds.), Fiches FAO d’identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37 (Vol. II, pp. 891–1421). Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO. (In French)BauchotM. L. (1987). Poissons osseux. In FischerW.BauchotM. L.SchneiderM.(Eds.), (Vol. II, pp. 891–1421). Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO. (In French)Search in Google Scholar
Bears, H., Drever, M. C., & Martin, K. (2008). Comparative morphology of dark eyed juncos Junco hyemalis breeding at two elevations: A common aviary experiment. Journal of Avian Biology, 39, 152–162. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2008.0908-8857.04191.xBearsH.DreverM. C.MartinK. (2008). Comparative morphology of dark eyed juncos Junco hyemalis breeding at two elevations: A common aviary experiment. , 39, 152–162. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2008.0908-8857.04191.xSearch in Google Scholar
Borges, T. C., Olim, S., & Erzini, K. (2003). Weight–length relationships for fish species discarded in commercial fisheries of the Algarve (southern Portugal). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 19(6), 394–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2003.00480.xBorgesT. C.OlimS.ErziniK. (2003). Weight–length relationships for fish species discarded in commercial fisheries of the Algarve (southern Portugal). , 19(6), 394–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2003.00480.xSearch in Google Scholar
Cadrin, S. X., Karr, L. A., & Mariani, S. (2014). Stock identification methods: an overview. In S. X. Cadrin, L. A. Kerr, & S. Mariani (Eds.), Stock Identification Methods. Elsevier, 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK, 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA, 525 B Street, Suite 1800, San Diego, CA 92101-4495 (pp. 1–5)., https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-397003-9.00001-1CadrinS. X.KarrL. A.MarianiS. (2014). Stock identification methods: an overview. In CadrinS. X.KerrL. A.MarianiS.(Eds.), . Elsevier, 32 Jamestown Road, London NW1 7BY, UK, 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA, 525 B Street, Suite 1800, San Diego, CA 92101-4495(pp. 1–5)., https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-397003-9.00001-1Search in Google Scholar
Chapman, B. B., Hulthén, K., Brönmark, C., Nilsson, P. A., Skov, C., Hansson, L. A., & Brodersen, J. (2015). Shape up or ship out: Migratory behaviour predicts morphology across spatial scale in a freshwater fish. Journal of Animal Ecology, 84(5), 1187–1193. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12374 PMID:25823702ChapmanB. B.HulthénK.BrönmarkC.NilssonP. A.SkovC.HanssonL. A.BrodersenJ. (2015). Shape up or ship out: Migratory behaviour predicts morphology across spatial scale in a freshwater fish. , 84(5), 1187–1193. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12374 PMID:25823702Search in Google Scholar
Chiba, S. N., Iwatsuki, Y., Yoshino, T., & Hanzawa, N. (2009). Comprehensive phylogeny of the family Sparidae (Perciformes: Teleostei) inferred from mitochondrial gene analyses. Genes & Genetic Systems, 84(2), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.84.153 PMID:19556709ChibaS. N.IwatsukiY.YoshinoT.HanzawaN. (2009). Comprehensive phylogeny of the family Sparidae (Perciformes: Teleostei) inferred from mitochondrial gene analyses. , 84(2), 153–170. https://doi.org/10.1266/ggs.84.153 PMID:19556709Search in Google Scholar
Crow, K. D., Munehara, H., Kanamoto, Z., Balanov, A., Antonenko, D., & Bernardi, G. (2007). Maintenance of species boundaries despite rampant hybridization between three species of reef fishes (Hexagrammidae): Implications for the role of selection. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London, 91(1), 135–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00786.xCrowK. D.MuneharaH.KanamotoZ.BalanovA.AntonenkoD.BernardiG. (2007). Maintenance of species boundaries despite rampant hybridization between three species of reef fishes (Hexagrammidae): Implications for the role of selection. , 91(1), 135–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2007.00786.xSearch in Google Scholar
Dalgıç, G., Ergün, I. O., Onay, H., & Ceylan, Y. (2021). Determination of some biological characteristics and population parameters of the blotched picarel (Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) distributed in the Eastern Black Sea (Rize – Hopa). Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 10(2), 142–153. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.814299DalgıçG.ErgünI. O.OnayH.CeylanY. (2021). Determination of some biological characteristics and population parameters of the blotched picarel (Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810) distributed in the Eastern Black Sea (Rize – Hopa). , 10(2), 142–153. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.814299Search in Google Scholar
Danancher, D., & Garcia-Vazquez, E. (2011). Genetic population structure in flatfishes and potential impact of aquaculture and stock enhancement on wild populations in Europe. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 21(3), 441–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-011-9198-6DanancherD.Garcia-VazquezE. (2011). Genetic population structure in flatfishes and potential impact of aquaculture and stock enhancement on wild populations in Europe. , 21(3), 441–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-011-9198-6Search in Google Scholar
Delariva, R. L., & Agostinho, A. A. (2001). Relationship between morphology and diets of six neotropical loricariids. Journal of Fish Biology, 58(3), 832–847. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00534.xDelarivaR. L.AgostinhoA. A. (2001). Relationship between morphology and diets of six neotropical loricariids. , 58(3), 832–847. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00534.xSearch in Google Scholar
Erdoğan, Z., Turan, C., & Koç, H. T. (2009). Morphologic and Allozyme Analyses of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus (L. 1758)) in the Black, Marmara and Aegean Seas. Acta Adriatica, 50(1), 77–90.ErdoğanZ.TuranC.KoçH. T. (2009). Morphologic and Allozyme Analyses of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus (L. 1758)) in the Black, Marmara and Aegean Seas. , 50(1), 77–90.Search in Google Scholar
Firmat, C., Schliewen, U. K., Losseau, M., & Alibert, P. (2012). Body shape differentiation at global and local geographic scales in the invasive cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London, 105(2), 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01802.xFirmatC.SchliewenU. K.LosseauM.AlibertP. (2012). Body shape differentiation at global and local geographic scales in the invasive cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus. , 105(2), 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01802.xSearch in Google Scholar
Froese, R., & Pauly, D. (Eds.). (2022). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. Retrieved on February 17, 2022, from http://www.fishbase.orgFroeseR.PaulyD. (Eds.). (2022). . World Wide Web electronic publication. Retrieved on February 17, 2022, from http://www.fishbase.orgSearch in Google Scholar
Golani, D., Öztűrk, B., & Başusta, N. (2006). Centracanthidae. In D. Golani, B. Öztürk, & N. Başusta (Eds.), Fishes of the eastern Mediterranean (pp. 168–169). Turkish Marine Research Foundation.GolaniD.ÖztűrkB.BaşustaN. (2006). Centracanthidae. In GolaniD.ÖztürkB.BaşustaN.(Eds.), (pp. 168–169). Turkish Marine Research Foundation.Search in Google Scholar
Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. T., & Ryan, P. D. (2001). Past: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4(1), 4–9. http://palaeo-electronica.org/2001_1/past/issue1_01.htmHammerØ.HarperD. A. T.RyanP. D. (2001). Past: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis. , 4(1), 4–9. http://palaeo-electronica.org/2001_1/past/issue1_01.htmSearch in Google Scholar
Hyndes, G., Platell, M., & Potter, I. (1997). Relationships between diet and body size, mouth morphology, habitat and movements of six Sillaginid species in coastal waters: Implications for resource partitioning. Marine Biology, 128(4), 585–598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270050125HyndesG.PlatellM.PotterI. (1997). Relationships between diet and body size, mouth morphology, habitat and movements of six Sillaginid species in coastal waters: Implications for resource partitioning. , 128(4), 585–598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270050125Search in Google Scholar
Iglésias, S. P. (2014). Handbook of the marine fishes of Europe and adjacent waters (A natural classification based on collection specimens, with DNA barcodes and standardized photographs) (Vol. II). Actinopterygians., http://iccanam.mnhn.fr, Retrieved February 20, 2018, from.IglésiasS. P. (2014). Handbook of the marine fishes of Europe and adjacent waters (A natural classification based on collection specimens, with DNA barcodes and standardized photographs) (Vol. II). , http://iccanam.mnhn.fr, Retrieved February 20, 2018, from.Search in Google Scholar
İşmen, A., Özen, Ö., Altınağaç, U., Özekinci, U., & Ayaz, A. (2007). Weight-length relationships of 63 fish species in Saros Bay, Turkey. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 23(6), 707–708. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00872.xİşmenA.ÖzenÖ.AltınağaçU.ÖzekinciU.AyazA. (2007). Weight-length relationships of 63 fish species in Saros Bay, Turkey. , 23(6), 707–708. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2007.00872.xSearch in Google Scholar
Karadurmuş, U., Ustaoğlu, D., & Aydın, M. (2022). Sex Inversion, Sexual Dimorphism, and Morphological Differences of Spicara flexuosa (Sparidae). Journal of Ichthyology, 62(5), 777–785. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945222050058KaradurmuşU.UstaoğluD.AydınM. (2022). Sex Inversion, Sexual Dimorphism, and Morphological Differences of Spicara flexuosa (Sparidae). , 62(5), 777–785. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945222050058Search in Google Scholar
Keskin, Ç. (2010). A review of fish fauna in the Turkish Black Sea. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 16(2), 195–210.KeskinÇ.(2010). A review of fish fauna in the Turkish Black Sea. , 16(2), 195–210.Search in Google Scholar
Keskin, Ç., Turan, C., & Ergüden, D. (2011). Distribution of the demersal fishes on the continental shelves of the Levantine and North Aegean Seas (Eastern Mediterranean). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11(3), 413–423. https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas.2011.0311KeskinÇ.TuranC.ErgüdenD. (2011). Distribution of the demersal fishes on the continental shelves of the Levantine and North Aegean Seas (Eastern Mediterranean). , 11(3), 413–423. https://doi.org/10.4194/trjfas.2011.0311Search in Google Scholar
Khaefi, R., Teimori, A., & Esmaeili, H. R. (2017). Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomy of Luciobarbus barbulus (Heckel, 1847) (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Journal of Ichthyology, 57(6), 835–845. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945217060078KhaefiR.TeimoriA.EsmaeiliH. R. (2017). Phylogenetic relationships and taxonomy of Luciobarbus barbulus (Heckel, 1847) (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). , 57(6), 835–845. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945217060078Search in Google Scholar
Khaefi, R., Esmaeili, H. R., & Chermahini, M. A. (2018). Natural hybridization of Luciobarbus barbulus x Luciobarbus kersin and Luciobarbus barbulus x Luciobarbus xanthopterus in the Persian Gulf Basin. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 18(12), 1399–1407. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v18_12_08KhaefiR.EsmaeiliH. R.ChermahiniM. A. (2018). Natural hybridization of Luciobarbus barbulus x Luciobarbus kersin and Luciobarbus barbulus x Luciobarbus xanthopterus in the Persian Gulf Basin. , 18(12), 1399–1407. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v18_12_08Search in Google Scholar
Khan, U., Bal, H., Battal, Z. S., & Seyhan, K. (2022). Using otolith and body shape to discriminate between stocks of European anchovy (Engraulidae: Engraulis encrasicolus) from the Aegean, Marmara and Black Seas. Journal of Fish Biology, 101(6), 1452–1465. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15216 PMID:36097416KhanU.BalH.BattalZ. S.SeyhanK. (2022). Using otolith and body shape to discriminate between stocks of European anchovy (Engraulidae: Engraulis encrasicolus) from the Aegean, Marmara and Black Seas. , 101(6), 1452–1465. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15216 PMID:36097416Search in Google Scholar
Kuzminova, N., & Martemyanova, K. (2020). Distinctive features of species of Spicara genus in Sevastopol coastal area. Eurasian Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 3(1), 189–194.KuzminovaN.MartemyanovaK. (2020). Distinctive features of species of Spicara genus in Sevastopol coastal area. , 3(1), 189–194.Search in Google Scholar
Mater, S., Malkav, S., & Şahinoğlu-Bayhan, B. (2001). A study on some biological peculiarities of the picarel Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810 distributed in the bay of Izmir Aegean Sea. Su Urünleri Dergisi, 18(1-2), 25–32.MaterS.MalkavS.Şahinoğlu-BayhanB. (2001). A study on some biological peculiarities of the picarel Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810 distributed in the bay of Izmir Aegean Sea. , 18(1-2), 25–32.Search in Google Scholar
Mejri, R., Lo Brutto, S., Hassine, N., Arculeo, M., & Ben Hassine, O. K. (2012). Overlapping patterns of morphometric and genetic differentiation in the Mediterranean goby Pomatoschistus tortonesei Miller, 1968 (Perciformes, Gobiidae) in Tunisian lagoons. Zoology (Jena, Germany), 115(4), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2012.02.002 PMID:22749615MejriR.Lo BruttoS.HassineN.ArculeoM.Ben HassineO. K. (2012). Overlapping patterns of morphometric and genetic differentiation in the Mediterranean goby Pomatoschistus tortonesei Miller, 1968 (Perciformes, Gobiidae) in Tunisian lagoons. , 115(4), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zool.2012.02.002 PMID:22749615Search in Google Scholar
Melnikova, E. B., & Kuzminova, N. (2022). Comparative characteristics of individual growth of Spicara flexuosa and Spicara maena (Pisces: Centracanthidae) inhabiting the south-western shelf of Crimea, Black Sea. Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 8(3), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.18331/SFS2022.8.3.2MelnikovaE. B.KuzminovaN. (2022). Comparative characteristics of individual growth of Spicara flexuosa and Spicara maena (Pisces: Centracanthidae) inhabiting the south-western shelf of Crimea, Black Sea. , 8(3), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.18331/SFS2022.8.3.2Search in Google Scholar
Minos, G., Imsiridou, A., & Katselis, G. (2013). Use of morphological differences for the identification of two picarel species Spicara flexuosa and Spicara maena (Pisces: Centracanthidae). Mediterranean Marine Science, 14(3), 26–31. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.423MinosG.ImsiridouA.KatselisG. (2013). Use of morphological differences for the identification of two picarel species Spicara flexuosa and Spicara maena (Pisces: Centracanthidae). , 14(3), 26–31. https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.423Search in Google Scholar
Palma, J., & Andrade, J. P. (2002). Morphological study of Diplodus sargus, Diplodus puntazzo and Lithognathus mormyrus (Sparidae) in the Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Fisheries Research, 57(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(01)00335-6PalmaJ.AndradeJ. P. (2002). Morphological study of Diplodus sargus, Diplodus puntazzo and Lithognathus mormyrus (Sparidae) in the Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. , 57(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(01)00335-6Search in Google Scholar
Perdana, A. W., Batubara, A. S., Nur, F. M., Syahril, A., & Muchlisin, A. (2021). Morphometric analysis of three species gourami group (Osphronemidae) from Aceh waters, Indonesia. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 674, 012087. IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/674/1/012087PerdanaA. W.BatubaraA. S.NurF. M.SyahrilA.MuchlisinA. (2021). Morphometric analysis of three species gourami group (Osphronemidae) from Aceh waters, Indonesia. , 674, 012087. IOP Publishing https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/674/1/012087Search in Google Scholar
Pigliucci, M. (2005). Evolution of phenotypic plasticity: Where are we going now? Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 20(9), 481–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2005.06.001 PMID:16701424PigliucciM. (2005). Evolution of phenotypic plasticity: Where are we going now?, 20(9), 481–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2005.06.001 PMID:16701424Search in Google Scholar
Rawat, S., Benakappa, S., Kumar, J., Naik, K., Pandey, G., & Pema, C. (2017). Identification of fish stocks based on truss morphometric: A review. Journal of Fisheries and Life Sciences, 2(1), 9–14.RawatS.BenakappaS.KumarJ.NaikK.PandeyG.PemaC. (2017). Identification of fish stocks based on truss morphometric: A review. , 2(1), 9–14.Search in Google Scholar
Reist, J. D. (1986). An empirical evaluation of coefficients used in residual and allometric adjustment of size covariation. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64(6), 1363–1368. https://doi.org/10.1139/z86-203ReistJ. D. (1986). An empirical evaluation of coefficients used in residual and allometric adjustment of size covariation. , 64(6), 1363–1368. https://doi.org/10.1139/z86-203Search in Google Scholar
Rizkalla, S. I. (1996). A comparative study on the morphometric characters of fishes belonging to family: Centracanthidae in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters. Journal of the Faculty of Marine Science (Jeddah), 7(1), 255–261. https://doi.org/10.4197/mar.7-1.22RizkallaS. I. (1996). A comparative study on the morphometric characters of fishes belonging to family: Centracanthidae in the Egyptian Mediterranean waters. , 7(1), 255–261. https://doi.org/10.4197/mar.7-1.22Search in Google Scholar
Salekhova, L. P. (1979). Centracanthidae fishes of the genus Spicara from the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Haykova-Dumka. Kiev Academy of the Science.SalekhovaL. P.(1979). Kiev Academy of the Science.Search in Google Scholar
Shuai, F., Yu, S., Lek, S., & Li, X. (2018). Habitat effects on intra-species variation in functional morphology: Evidence from freshwater fish. Ecology and Evolution, 8(22), 10902–10913. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4555 PMID:30519416ShuaiF.YuS.LekS.LiX. (2018). Habitat effects on intra-species variation in functional morphology: Evidence from freshwater fish. , 8(22), 10902–10913. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4555 PMID:30519416Search in Google Scholar
Siddik, M., Chaklader, M., Hanif, M., Islam, M., Sharker, M., & Rahman, M. (2016). Stock identification of critically endangered olive barb, Puntius sarana (Hamilton, 1822) with emphasis on management implications. Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development, 7(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000411SiddikM.ChakladerM.HanifM.IslamM.SharkerM.RahmanM. (2016). Stock identification of critically endangered olive barb, Puntius sarana (Hamilton, 1822) with emphasis on management implications. , 7(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000411Search in Google Scholar
Snoeks, J. (2004). The Cichlid Diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: Identification, Distribution and Taxonomy (1st ed.). Cichlid Press.SnoeksJ. (2004). (1st ed.). Cichlid Press.Search in Google Scholar
Soykan, O., İlkyaz, A. T., Metin, G., & Kınacıgil, H. T. (2010). Growth and reproduction of blotched picarel (Spicara maena Linneaus. 1758) in the central Aegean Sea. Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 34(4), 453–459. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-0903-29SoykanO.İlkyazA. T.MetinG.KınacıgilH. T. (2010). Growth and reproduction of blotched picarel (Spicara maena Linneaus. 1758) in the central Aegean Sea. Turkey. , 34(4), 453–459. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-0903-29Search in Google Scholar
Şalcioğlu, A., Gubili, C., Krey, G., Sakinan, S., & Bilgin, R. (2021). Molecular characterization and phylogeography of Mediterranean picarels (Spicara flexuosa, S. maena and S. smaris) along the coasts of Turkey and the Eastern Mediterranean. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 45(6), 101836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2021.101836ŞalcioğluA.GubiliC.KreyG.SakinanS.BilginR. (2021). Molecular characterization and phylogeography of Mediterranean picarels (Spicara flexuosa, S. maena and S. smaris) along the coasts of Turkey and the Eastern Mediterranean. , 45(6), 101836. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2021.101836Search in Google Scholar
Şalcioğlu, A. Ş., & Sönmez, A. Y. (2022). Length-weight relationships and relative condition factor of Spicara flexuosum (Rafinesque, 1810) inhabiting the Black Sea and the Turkish Straits System. Marine Science and Technology Bulletin, 11(3), 271–279. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1146686ŞalcioğluA. Ş.SönmezA. Y. (2022). Length-weight relationships and relative condition factor of Spicara flexuosum (Rafinesque, 1810) inhabiting the Black Sea and the Turkish Straits System. , 11(3), 271–279. https://doi.org/10.33714/masteb.1146686Search in Google Scholar
Tortonose, E. (1986). Centracanthidae. In Fish of the North-eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean (Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. L., Hureau, J. C., Nielsen, J. and Tortonese, E., eds), Paris: UNESCO, 2, pp. 908–911.TortonoseE. (1986). Centracanthidae. In (WhiteheadP. J. P.BauchotM. L.HureauJ. C.NielsenJ.TortoneseE.eds), Paris: UNESCO, 2, pp. 908–911.Search in Google Scholar
Turan, C., Oral, M., Öztürk, B., & Düzgünes, E. (2006). Morphometric and meristic variation between stocks of bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the Black, Marmara, Aegean and Northeastern Mediterranean Seas. Fisheries Research, 79(1-2), 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2006.01.015TuranC.OralM.ÖztürkB.DüzgünesE. (2006). Morphometric and meristic variation between stocks of bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the Black, Marmara, Aegean and Northeastern Mediterranean Seas. , 79(1-2), 139–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2006.01.015Search in Google Scholar
Turan, C., Yalcin, S., Turan, F., Okur, E., & Akyurt, I. (2005). Morphometric comparisons of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, populations in Turkey. Folia Zoologica, 54(1-2), 165–172.TuranC.YalcinS.TuranF.OkurE.AkyurtI. (2005). Morphometric comparisons of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, populations in Turkey. , 54(1-2), 165–172.Search in Google Scholar
Turan, C. (2011). The systematic status of the Mediterranean Spicara species (Centracanthidae) inferred from mitochondrial 16s rDNA sequence and morphological data. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment, 17(1), 14–31.TuranC. (2011). The systematic status of the Mediterranean Spicara species (Centracanthidae) inferred from mitochondrial 16s rDNA sequence and morphological data. , 17(1), 14–31.Search in Google Scholar
Vasilieva, E. D., & Salekhova, L. P. (1983). The precision of diagnoses of the Spicara (Perciformes, Centracanthidae) species based on osteological features. Zoological Journal, 62(7), 1044–1056.VasilievaE. D.SalekhovaL. P. (1983). The precision of diagnoses of the Spicara (Perciformes, Centracanthidae) species based on osteological features. , 62(7), 1044–1056.Search in Google Scholar
Vidalis, K., Markakis, G., & Tsimenides, N. (1997). Discrimination between populations of picarel Spicara smaris L., 1758) in the Aegean Sea, using multivariate analysis of phenetic characters. Fisheries Research, 30(3), 191–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(96)00571-1VidalisK.MarkakisG.TsimenidesN. (1997). Discrimination between populations of picarel Spicara smaris L., 1758) in the Aegean Sea, using multivariate analysis of phenetic characters. , 30(3), 191–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-7836(96)00571-1Search in Google Scholar
Ward, J. H., Jr. (1963). Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 58(301), 236–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1963.10500845WardJ. H.Jr.(1963). Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. , 58(301), 236–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1963.10500845Search in Google Scholar
Wimberger, P. H. (1992). Plasticity of fish body shape. The effects of diet, development, family and age in two species of Geophagus (Pisces: Cichlidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London, 45(3), 197–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1992.tb00640.xWimbergerP. H. (1992). Plasticity of fish body shape. The effects of diet, development, family and age in two species of Geophagus (Pisces: Cichlidae). , 45(3), 197–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1992.tb00640.xSearch in Google Scholar
Winans, G. A. (1984). Mutivariate morphometric variability in Pasific salmon-technical demonstration. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 41(8), 1150–1159. https://doi.org/10.1139/f84-136WinansG. A. (1984). Mutivariate morphometric variability in Pasific salmon-technical demonstration. , 41(8), 1150–1159. https://doi.org/10.1139/f84-136Search in Google Scholar
Yedier, S., & Bostanci, D. (2021). Intra- and interspecific discrimination of Scorpaena species from the Aegean, Black, Mediterranean and Marmara seas. Scientia Marina, 85(3), 197–209. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05185.018YedierS.BostanciD. (2021). Intra- and interspecific discrimination of Scorpaena species from the Aegean, Black, Mediterranean and Marmara seas. , 85(3), 197–209. https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05185.018Search in Google Scholar
Zheng, X. D., Wang, R. C., Wang, X. F., Xiao, S., & Chen, B. (2001). Genetic variation in populations of the common Chinese cuttlefish Sepiella maindroni (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) using allozymes and mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis. Journal of Shellfish Research, 20(3), 1159–1165.ZhengX. D.WangR. C.WangX. F.XiaoS.ChenB. (2001). Genetic variation in populations of the common Chinese cuttlefish Sepiella maindroni (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) using allozymes and mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis. , 20(3), 1159–1165.Search in Google Scholar
Zei, M. (1941). Studies on the morphology and taxonomy of the Adriatic species of Maenidae. Acta Adriatica, 2(4), 1-189.ZeiM. (1941). Studies on the morphology and taxonomy of the Adriatic species of Maenidae. , 2(4), 1-189.Search in Google Scholar