Selected Economic and Social Aspects Resulting from Online Education at the Higher Level
and | May 02, 2023
About this article
Published Online: May 02, 2023
Page range: 54 - 76
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/wrlae-2022-0004
Keywords
© 2022 Anna Bartkowiaka et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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The distribution of responses regarding the relationship of contacts with lecturers in relation to communications with fellow students
| Relationship with fellow students | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Relationship with lecturers | worse | the same | better |
| worse | 35.3% | 1.5% | 0.3% |
| the same | 1.5% | 11.4% | 1.2% |
| better | 7.6% | 5.6% | 2.8% |
The descriptive statistics of IT skill assessment before and during pandemic
| Parameters | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | mean | median | mode | number of mode | lower quartile | upper quartile | standard deviation | coefficient of variance [%] | skewness |
| Pre-pandemic skill assessment | 3.417 | 3 | 4 | 196 | 3 | 4 | 1.063 | 31.096 | -0.252 |
| Skill assessment during the pandemic | 3.944 | 4 | 4 | 274 | 3 | 5 | 0.819 | 20.757 | -0.405 |
The results from the generalized multinomial linear models
| Dependent variable (MODEL) | Independent variable | Wald’s chi-square | df | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Lecture forms preferences | IT skills | 9.633 | 2 | 0.008 |
| Fatigue stationary vs. online | 11.579 | 4 | 0.021 | |
| Effectiveness stationary vs. online | 47.233 | 4 | 0.000 | |
| 2. Classes forms preferences | Fatigue stationary vs. online | 30.396 | 4 | 0.000 |
| Effectiveness stationary vs. online | 73.598 | 4 | 0.000 | |
| Concentration stationary vs. online | 17.386 | 4 | 0.002 | |
| Work effort stationary vs. online | 12.113 | 1 | 0.001 | |
| 3. Labs forms preferences | Fatigue stationary vs. online | 19.187 | 4 | 0.001 |
| Effectiveness stationary vs. online | 36.386 | 4 | 0.000 | |
| Concentration stationary vs. online | 9.672 | 4 | 0.046 | |
| Work effort stationary vs. online | 13.476 | 1 | 0.000 | |
| 4. Consultations forms preferences | Fatigue stationary vs. online | 18.433 | 4 | 0.001 |
| Effectiveness stationary vs. online | 33.258 | 4 | 0.000 | |
| 5. Seminars forms preferences | Fatigue stationary vs. online | 9.531 | 4 | 0.049 |
| Effectiveness stationary vs. online | 37.483 | 4 | 0.000 |
The distribution of IT skill assessment before and during pandemic
| skill assessment during the pandemic | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | Sum | ||
| pre-pandemic skill assessment | 1 | 0.17% | 1.66% | 1.16% | 0.33% | 0.50% | 3.81% |
| 2 | 0.17% | 1.49% | 10.76% | 3.48% | 0.33% | 16.23% | |
| 3 | 0.00% | 0.17% | 12.42% | 17.55% | 0.83% | 30.96% | |
| 4 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.17% | 23.84% | 8.44% | 32.45% | |
| 5 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.17% | 16.39% | 16.56% | |
| Sum | 0.33% | 3.31% | 24.50% | 45.36% | 26.49% | 100.00% | |