The Effect of Organic Amendments from Brassicaceae and Solanaceae Plants and Trichoderma harzianum on the Development of Verticillium dahliae Kleb.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of plant material from Brassicaceae and Solanaceae plants, containing biologically active compounds, and antagonistic microorganisms on survival of microsclerotia and development of Verticillium wilt of eggplant. Water extracts from tomato and rapeseed plants added to the agar media showed negative effect on the development of fungus Verticillium dahliae. The most toxic effect was observed for the fresh extract from tomato green parts. The pasteurization or sterilization of extracts in an autoclave decreased their detrimental effect. The addition of water extracts from rapeseed and tomato plants also hampered growth of mycelia and development of V. dahliae microsclerotia on Czapek-Dox medium with cellophane. The addition of rapeseed meal, water extracts from rapeseed meal or tomato plants, significantly decreased number of V. dahliae propagules in the soil. Also, the inoculation of soil with antagonistic fungus Trichoderma harzianum strain PBG decreased population of V. dahliae in soil samples. The plant material and T. harzianum strain PBG had positive effect on the growth and yield of eggplants in the soil infested with microsclerotia of V. dahliae. However, the most beneficial effect exerted fumigation of the infested soil with Nemazin 97 XX (97% dazomet), used in this experiment as a reference treatment.