<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The role of education systems is crucial in creating bilingualism and multilingualism. Based on domestic and foreign literature and structured interviews with public officials in North Macedonia and Italy, the article analyses the solutions and incentives for institutional bilingualism, which have proven insufficient thus far. It also offers a model of multilingualism as a concept of an ideal environment where speakers can communicate using multiple languages. The impact of new information and communication technologies on language learning and use in bilingual areas and their contribution to the creation of an ideal environment conducive to multilingualism will also be examined. The data obtained shows, among other things, that artificial intelligence is also revolutionising language use and learning. Nonetheless, despite rapid progress, human communication in different languages cannot be replaced by artificial algorithms.</p>
</abstract>

The role of education systems is crucial in creating bilingualism and multilingualism. Based on domestic and foreign literature and structured interviews with public officials in North Macedonia and Italy, the article analyses the solutions and incentives for institutional bilingualism, which have proven insufficient thus far. It also offers a model of multilingualism as a concept of an ideal environment where speakers can communicate using multiple languages. The impact of new information and communication technologies on language learning and use in bilingual areas and their contribution to the creation of an ideal environment conducive to multilingualism will also be examined. The data obtained shows, among other things, that artificial intelligence is also revolutionising language use and learning. Nonetheless, despite rapid progress, human communication in different languages cannot be replaced by artificial algorithms.

Dilemmas of Public and State Administration: Bilingualism Bonus or Multilingualism without Bonus

Treatises and Documents, Journal of Ethnic Studies / Razprave in Gradivo, Revija za narodnostna vprašanja

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Dileme javne in državne uprave: dodatek za dvojezičnost ali večjezičnost brez dodatka

The role of education systems is crucial in creating bilingualism and multilingualism. Based on domestic and foreign literature and structured interviews with...

Dilemmas of Public and State Administration: Bilingualism Bonus or Multilingualism without Bonus

Published Online: Dec 21, 2023

Page range: 179 - 197

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/tdjes-2023-0020

Keywords
institutional bilingualism, bilingualism bonus, public employees, public sector, state administration, public administration, minorities, immigrants

© 2023 Breda Mulec, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Dilemmas of Public and State Administration: Bilingualism Bonus or Multilingualism without Bonus

Published Online: Dec 21, 2023

Page range: 179 - 197

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/tdjes-2023-0020

Keywordsinstitutional bilingualism, bilingualism bonus, public employees, public sector, state administration, public administration, minorities, immigrants

© 2023 Breda Mulec, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
institutional bilingualism, bilingualism bonus, public employees, public sector, state administration, public administration, minorities, immigrants