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Fast, non-destructive measurement of roof-bolt loads

Krzysztof Skrzypkowski

Krzysztof Skrzypkowski

AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining and GeoengineeringKrakow, Poland
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Skrzypkowski, Krzysztof
, 
Waldemar Korzeniowski

Waldemar Korzeniowski

AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining and GeoengineeringKrakow, Poland
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Korzeniowski, Waldemar
, 
Krzysztof Zagórski

Krzysztof Zagórski

AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and RoboticsKrakow, Poland
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Zagórski, Krzysztof
, 
Ireneusz Dominik

Ireneusz Dominik

AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and RoboticsKrakow, Poland
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Dominik, Ireneusz
 and 
Krzysztof Lalik

Krzysztof Lalik

AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and RoboticsKrakow, Poland
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Lalik, Krzysztof
  
Jun 28, 2019
Fast, non-destructive measurement of roof-bolt loads's Cover Image
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Article Category: Research Article
Published Online: Jun 28, 2019
Page range: 93 - 101
Received: Feb 22, 2019
Accepted: May 10, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sgem-2019-0013
Keywords
© 2019 Krzysztof Skrzypkowski et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Roof-rock delamination detection system; a) Components; b) longitudinal cross-section; ribbed rod; 2 – cord; 3 – Bakelite plates or (like) Bakelite ; 4 – sleeve with bars welded on it; 5 – nut; 6 – resin cartridge; 7 – bolt hole.
Roof-rock delamination detection system; a) Components; b) longitudinal cross-section; ribbed rod; 2 – cord; 3 – Bakelite plates or (like) Bakelite ; 4 – sleeve with bars welded on it; 5 – nut; 6 – resin cartridge; 7 – bolt hole.

Figure 2

Roof-bolt load sensors; a) mechanical; b) electronic; c) operating principle of rock bolt loading indicator resulting from load increasing; r – delamination, h – subsidence, Q – load.
Roof-bolt load sensors; a) mechanical; b) electronic; c) operating principle of rock bolt loading indicator resulting from load increasing; r – delamination, h – subsidence, Q – load.

Figure 3

An example of SAS configuration; a) block diagram, 1 – acoustic-vibration transmitter; 2 – amplifier; 3 – conditioner; 4 – acoustic-vibration receiver; 5 – measurement and control block; 6 – monitored component; b) sensor configuration in the LabVIEW program.
An example of SAS configuration; a) block diagram, 1 – acoustic-vibration transmitter; 2 – amplifier; 3 – conditioner; 4 – acoustic-vibration receiver; 5 – measurement and control block; 6 – monitored component; b) sensor configuration in the LabVIEW program.

Figure 4

Strength tests of concrete cube specimens; a) the Controls Automax5 strength testing machine; b) specimens after compressive and tensile testing.
Strength tests of concrete cube specimens; a) the Controls Automax5 strength testing machine; b) specimens after compressive and tensile testing.

Figure 5

Test stand setup; a) split cylinder filled with concrete mix; b) concrete block drilling; c) inserting the KE-3W expansion shell into the concrete block; d) applying prestress with a torque wrench.
Test stand setup; a) split cylinder filled with concrete mix; b) concrete block drilling; c) inserting the KE-3W expansion shell into the concrete block; d) applying prestress with a torque wrench.

Figure 6

Load and displacement behavior of the KE-3W expansion-shell bolt.
Load and displacement behavior of the KE-3W expansion-shell bolt.

Figure 7

Dismantled concrete block with fixed KE-3W shells after tensile testing.
Dismantled concrete block with fixed KE-3W shells after tensile testing.

Figure 8

Measurement sensors of the traditional system and the SAS.
Measurement sensors of the traditional system and the SAS.

Figure 9

Load and frequency behavior of the expansion-shell bolt with a length of 1.82 m.
Load and frequency behavior of the expansion-shell bolt with a length of 1.82 m.

Figure 10

Displacement and frequency behavior of the expansion-shell bolt with a length of 1.82 m.
Displacement and frequency behavior of the expansion-shell bolt with a length of 1.82 m.
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Geosciences, Geosciences, other, Materials Sciences, Composites, Porous Materials, Physics, Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics
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