An analysis of coal consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in Slovenia
and
Aug 06, 2023
About this article
Article Category: Original Scientific Article
Published Online: Aug 06, 2023
Page range: 29 - 39
Received: Oct 01, 2021
Accepted: Oct 19, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rmzmag-2021-0005
Keywords
© 2021 Aleš Budna et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Figure 1:
![Worldwide coal consumption [1].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig1.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=46601fe398e7ea85eca176ee9040a35a3f963dc75a4203ac09177dbc838ec67e&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 2:
![Coal consumption in Slovenia [7].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig2.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=dc03edd77326c44943b9030f174ce35ebe7c062d879754ab979530add306c3f9&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 3:
![Amount of CO2 emissions [3].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig3.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=cc5c4d6689e5f3400ddab563997ba5ea97f3e3e23f21512e3363ce4cd03dc54c&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 4:
![Trends in GHG emissions from energy sources, gross domestic product and energy supply in the period 2000–2015 [3].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig4.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=2aeff324b1ef1203f26d92168ca62aa13ea65f54d16c213cc34289ce14e62283&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 5:
![Emission productivity in Slovenia [3].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig5.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=8b9f7ffef1963b690d83ee05ed817d7ebe9d95f50bd67dd91df375e4a312784b&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 6:
![Correlation coefficient strength [10].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig6.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=94f644a7404d3d257c98c2881dfc35a9c2c39da0fbbe823a7ae01e27bbdc7408&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 7:
![Removing the outlier [11].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig7.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=fc1282546149d6d011025bb89d729ff8538ee749f8065b45709d10e0bf3561c4&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 8:
![Deviations of points from the line and deviation of the line from the mean [10].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig8.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=3d67f5648e770e799ae98afde036b9d3f38fb02ee6b788ba39b6b798331d424c&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 9:
![1st- and 2nd-order linear regressions [10].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/647369f24e662f30ba53d23c/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig9.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=80583d192750570b083d3f8f0eb48fd6276b6b193265f16894367bea9ca116b1&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 10:

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Figure 1:
![Worldwide coal consumption [1].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_001.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=732f3cc2750bb4b9697b53edb32b9d193545143441ab344fea21e85eb38aaa77&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 2:
![Coal consumption in Slovenia [7].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_002.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=366317260e59e7bf16cfc0cb2684ccf43103d97fc1f4891d63a0a0b918c6a5ec&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 3:
![Amount of CO2 emissions [3].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_003.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=43fd446885489ba345f04079944496a173b22c1c32a1b5f9bffc377a34d2e215&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 4:
![Trends in GHG emissions from energy sources, gross domestic product and energy supply in the period 2000–2015 [3].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_004.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=911cc47227056c2e24bffbfd8259260608ce091ebbc2c780d30b82cbec029de5&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 5:
![Emission productivity in Slovenia [3].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_005.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=270288bf0748d69518a4c5e9dbc0a4b4e15004ee3f5399af109c6f9b63f1a273&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 6:
![Correlation coefficient strength [10].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_006.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=24083720c9a68bfdaeebc868dc4309123efdf11040e1a1cf54d1571f26d7c402&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 7:
![Removing the outlier [11].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_007.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=5ce0c97f023c8959414420ab7a6bf842c86afa3817e7f726a2a66652b5e3854a&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 8:
![Deviations of points from the line and deviation of the line from the mean [10].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_008.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=9de5d7b49412e0a6daad838cf7be27161c76df644812b2c66b23d7e9d1b50ff6&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
Figure 9:
![1st- and 2nd-order linear regressions [10].](https://sciendo-parsed.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/64cf5ca78a3e7e1f7ef12c25/j_rmzmag-2021-0005_fig_009.jpg?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Content-Sha256=UNSIGNED-PAYLOAD&X-Amz-Credential=AKIA6AP2G7AKOUXAVR44%2F20250915%2Feu-central-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20250915T205617Z&X-Amz-Expires=3600&X-Amz-Signature=d353408737109902556a2a00cc65595fc20e41c9ff1db7432ffc3c48fd0edf59&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&x-amz-checksum-mode=ENABLED&x-id=GetObject)
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