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Impact of smoking on microRNAs in significant coronary artery disease

Shokoufeh Hajsadeghi

Shokoufeh Hajsadeghi

Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
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Hajsadeghi, Shokoufeh
, 
Aida Iranpour

Aida Iranpour

Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
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Iranpour, Aida
, 
Shayan Mirshafiee

Shayan Mirshafiee

Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
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Mirshafiee, Shayan
, 
Reza Nekouian

Reza Nekouian

Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
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Nekouian, Reza
, 
Maryam Mollababaei

Maryam Mollababaei

Pediatric Growth and Development Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
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Mollababaei, Maryam
, 
Hamed Motevalli

Hamed Motevalli

Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
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Motevalli, Hamed
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Seyyed Amir Yasin Ahmadi

Seyyed Amir Yasin Ahmadi

Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
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Yasin Ahmadi, Seyyed Amir
 and 
Mohammad Sedigh Dakkali

Mohammad Sedigh Dakkali

Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran, Iran
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Dakkali, Mohammad Sedigh
  
Mar 31, 2025
Impact of smoking on microRNAs in significant coronary artery disease's Cover Image
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Published Online: Mar 31, 2025
Page range: 49 - 59
Received: Sep 05, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjim-2024-0031
Keywords
© 2025 Shokoufeh Hajsadeghi et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

Coefficient plots showing FC and 95% CI (H0: FC =1, reference: S-A-) for the microRNAs having significant FC; B0: intercept of the models.
Coefficient plots showing FC and 95% CI (H0: FC =1, reference: S-A-) for the microRNAs having significant FC; B0: intercept of the models.

Figure 2.

Heat map for simultaneous clustering of microRNAs and participants on the basis of -∆CT (i.e. red color: up-regulation).
Heat map for simultaneous clustering of microRNAs and participants on the basis of -∆CT (i.e. red color: up-regulation).

Figure 3.

Heat map for simultaneous clustering of microRNAs and participants after removal of microRNAs with non-significant FCs on the basis of -∆CT (i.e. red color: up-regulation).
Heat map for simultaneous clustering of microRNAs and participants after removal of microRNAs with non-significant FCs on the basis of -∆CT (i.e. red color: up-regulation).

Figure 4.

Mir-34a expression may be affected by smoking, whereas mir-126-3p expression may be affected by atherosclerosis. The significant down-regulation of mir-199 for the interaction of smoking dose and severity of atherosclerosis was a notable finding showing the harmful consequence of this interaction. Further studies are needed for this micro-RNA.
Mir-34a expression may be affected by smoking, whereas mir-126-3p expression may be affected by atherosclerosis. The significant down-regulation of mir-199 for the interaction of smoking dose and severity of atherosclerosis was a notable finding showing the harmful consequence of this interaction. Further studies are needed for this micro-RNA.

Sensitivity power analysis for comparison of two means

MicroRNA SD (∆CT) Cohen’s d Detectable ∆CT Detectable FC
Mir-34a 2.92 1.06 3.10 8.55
Mir-34c 3.19 1.06 3.38 10.42
Mir-101 3.98 1.06 4.22 18.62
Mir-124 2.38 1.06 2.52 5.75
Mir-126-3p 4.96 1.06 5.26 38.26
Mir-126-5p 4.04 1.06 4.28 19.46
Mir-199 3.20 1.06 3.39 10.50
Mir-223 4.03 1.06 4.27 19.32

Gene expression study in among groups using general linear model

MicroRNA Group FC (95% CI) P value R-square ANOVA P value
Mir-34a S-A- Reference 0.153 0.031*
S+A- 0.13 (0.03–0.56) 0.007*
S-A+ 0.58 (0.13–2.52) 0.461
S+A+ 0.23 (0.06–0.91) 0.036*
Mir-34c S-A- Reference 0.043 0.507
S+A- 0.95 (0.17–5.17) 0.952
S-A+ 2.31 (0.41–13.06) 0.336
S+A+ 2.52 (0.51–12.58) 0.253
Mir-101 S-A- Reference 0.120 0.078#
S+A- 0.2 (0.03–1.44) 0.107#
S-A+ 2.87 (0.37–21.99) 0.305
S+A+ 0.42 (0.06–2.76) 0.358
Mir-124 S-A- Reference 0.115 0.094#
S+A- 0.79 (0.23–2.64) 0.694
S-A+ 2.25 (0.65–7.76) 0.195#
S+A+ 0.47 (0.15–1.49) 0.196#
Mir-126-3p S-A- Reference 0.129 0.064#
S+A- 1.36 (0.11–16.76) 0.806
S-A+ 0.05 (<0.01–0.67) 0.024*
S+A+ 0.71 (0.07–7.65) 0.772
Mir-126-5p S-A- Reference 0.105 0.122
S+A- 3.32 (0.42–26.31) 0.250
S-A+ 0.27 (0.03–2.27) 0.224
S+A+ 2.07 (0.29–14.74) 0.461
Mir-199 S-A- Reference 0.146 0.040*
S+A- 9.38 (1.89–46.49) 0.007*
S-A+ 2.97 (0.58–15.26) 0.187#
S+A+ 1.53 (0.34–6.99) 0.575
Mir-223 S-A- Reference 0.029 0.666
S+A- 0.82 (0.09–7.04) 0.852
S-A+ 1.88 (0.21–16.98) 0.567
S+A+ 2.61 (0.34–20.12) 0.350

Interaction of atherosclerosis and pack-years of smoking on the expression of microRNA using general linear model

MicroRNA Predictor FC (95% CI) P value R-square ANOVA P value
Mir-34a Number vessels 0.52 (0.36–1.11) 0.111# 0.115 0.089#
Pack-year 0.90 (0.87–0.99) 0.018*
Interaction 1.05 (0.99–1.08) 0.131#
Mir-199 Number vessels 2.37 (1.01–3.28) 0.046* 0.192 0.011*
Pack-year 1.16 (1.04–1.19) 0.002*
Interaction 0.91 (0.90–0.98) 0.006*
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