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Right versus left radial approach in percutaneous coronary interventions: A comparative study of access efficiency and procedural outcomes

Kerillos A. Ayoub

Kerillos A. Ayoub

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityAsyut, Egypt
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Ayoub, Kerillos A.
, 
Salwa R. Demitry

Salwa R. Demitry

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityAsyut, Egypt
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Demitry, Salwa R.
 and 
Mahmoud Abdelsabour

Mahmoud Abdelsabour

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityAsyut, Egypt
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Abdelsabour, Mahmoud
  
Sep 08, 2025
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Article Category: Original Article
Published Online: Sep 08, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjc-2025-0030
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© 2025 Kerillos A. Ayoub et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Rates of procedural outcomes among the two groups.
Rates of procedural outcomes among the two groups.

Figure 2

Difference in median exposure time (in seconds) between the studied groups.
Difference in median exposure time (in seconds) between the studied groups.

Outcome findings of the studied groups (≥ 65 years [n=53])

Parameter Total (n = 53) RRA (n = 18) LRA (n = 35) P-value
Age (Mean ± SD( 67.6 ± 3.3 68.8 ± 5.2 67.0 ± 1.3 0.055*
RA Spasm 9.0 (17.0%) 6.0 (33.3%) 3.0 (8.6%) 0.048****
Radial Tortuosity 5.0 (9.4%) 4.0 (22.2%) 1.0 (2.9%) 0.040****
Subclavian Tortuosity 17.0 (32.1%) 11.0 (61.1%) 6.0 (17.1%) 0.001***
Exposure Time (seconds) Median (IQR) 190.00 (101.00–372.00) 314.00 (214.25–488.5) 110.00 (90.5–234.5) < .001**
Patient Comfort 51.0 (96.2%) 16.0 (88.9%) 35.0 (100.0%) 0.044***

Multivariable logistic regression model for predictors of subclavian tortuosity_

Predictor p Odds ratio 95% Confidence Interval
Lower Upper
RRA (LRA as reference) 0.002 6.1026 1.9024 19.576
Age ≥ 65 years 0.003 5.8884 1.8330 18.917

Outcome findings of the studied groups_

Parameter Total (n = 100) RRA (n = 52) LRA (n = 48) P-value
RA Spasm 27.0 (27.0%) 23.0 (44.2%) 4.0 (8.3%) < 0.001**
Radial Tortuosity 13.0 (13.0%) 12.0 (23.1%) 1.0 (2.1%) 0.002**
Subclavian Tortuosity 24.0 (24.0%) 17.0 (32.7%) 7.0 (14.6%) 0.034**
LM Cannulation Easiness 90.0 (90.0%) 44.0 (84.6%) 46.0 (95.8%) 0.062**
RCA Cannulation Easiness 91.0 (91.0%) 46.0 (88.5%) 45.0 (93.8%) 0.356**
Exposure Time (seconds) Median (IQR) 202.50 (109.75–348.75) 254.00 (161–469.50) 129.00 (87.75–246.50) < 0.001*
Complications ------- 0 (0%) 0 (0%) -------
Patient Comfort 87.0 (87.0%) 39.0 (75.0%) 48.0 (100.0%) < 0.001*
Cross-over (other radial side) 6.0 (6.0%) 5.0 (9.6%) 1.0 (2.1%) 0.207***
Cross-over (radial/femoral) 4.0 (4.0%) 3.0 (5.8%) 1.0 (2.1%) 0.619***

Baseline characteristics of the studied groups_

Parameter Total (n = 100) RRA (n = 52) LRA (n = 48) P-value
Age (years) Mean ± SD 63.2 ± 6.3 62.1 ± 6.4 64.5 ± 6.1 0.056*
Sex Male 51.0 (51.0%) 22.0 (42.3%) 29.0 (60.4%) 0.070**
Female 49.0 (49.0%) 30.0 (57.7%) 19.0 (39.6%)
Smoking Yes 47.0 (47.0%) 21.0 (40.4%) 26.0 (54.2%) 0.168**
Family History Positive 12.0 (12.0%) 9.0 (17.3%) 3.0 (6.2%) 0.125***
Comorbidities DM 36.0 (36.0%) 19.0 (36.5%) 17.0 (35.4%) 0.907**
HTN 64.0 (64.0%) 32.0 (61.5%) 32.0 (66.7%) 0.594**
IHD 61.0 (61.0%) 28.0 (53.8%) 33.0 (68.8%) 0.127**
Post-CABG 2.0 (2.0%) 0.0 (0.0%) 2.0 (4.2%) 0.228***
VHD 9.0 (9.0%) 5.0 (9.6%) 4.0 (8.3%) 1.000***
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