A Comparative Study of Palonosetron with Ondansetron for Prophylaxis of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Following Laparoscopic Gynaecological Surgeries

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Patient characteristics and duration of anaesthesia_

	Group A [n=65]	Group B [n=65]	P-value
Age [years]	37.40 ± 9.59	39.51 ± 8.67	0.191
Weight [kg]	64.90 ± 11.10	65.10 ± 8.53	0.909
ASA grade [I/II]	32/33 [49.2%/50.8%]	39/26 [60%/40%]	0.218
Duration of anaesthesia [min]	150.85 ± 57.42	145.08 ± 36.23	0.495
Morphine requirement in PACU [Number of patient/%]	20 [30.76]	16 [24.61]	0.435

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) score_

Overall PONV score		Group A [n=65] Frequency [%]	Group B [n=65] Frequency [%]	P-value
0–2 h	0	51 [78]	48 [74]	0.218
	1	7 [11]	14 [21]
	2	2 [3]	0 [0]
	3	5 [8]	3 [5]
2–24 h	0	26 [40]	41 [63]	0.023*
	1	22 [34]	16 [25]
	2	0 [0]	0 [0]
	3	17 [26]	8 [12]
24–48 h	0	58 [89]	57 [88]	0.177
	1	6 [9]	8 [12]
	2	0 [0]	0 [0]
	3	1 [2]	0 [0]

Scoring system used for assessing postoperative nausea, vomiting, and PONV_

Score	Postoperative nausea score	Postoperative vomiting score	PONV score
0	None	None	No nausea /vomiting /retching /no rescue antiemetic required
1	Mild, intermittent nausea	One vomit only	Nausea
2	Constant, moderate nausea	Several vomits	Retching
3	Severe nausea	Repeated retching/vomiting	Vomiting

Postoperative nausea score

Overall nausea score		Group A [n=65] Frequency [%]	Group B [n=65] Frequency [%]	P-value
0–2 h	0	51 [78.4]	50 [77]	0.101
	1	7 [10.8]	13 [20]
	2	0 [0]	0 [0]
	3	7 [10.8]	2 [3]
2–24 h	0	26 [40]	43 [66]	0.010*
	1	24 [37]	15 [23]
	2	0 [0]	0 [0]
	3	15 [23]	7 [11]
24–48 h	0	58 [89]	56 [86]	0.593
	1	7 [11]	9 [14]
	2	0 [0]	0 [0]
	3	0 [0]	0 [0]

Amount of ondansetron [first line rescue antiemetic drug] used_

	Amount of ondansetron [no. of doses]	Group A [n=65] Frequency [%]	Group B [n=65] Frequency [%]	P-value
0–2 h	0	51 [79]	50 [77]	0.833
	1	14 [21]	15 [23]
2–24 h	0	29 [44]	45 [69]	0.012
	1	24 [37]	15 [23]
	2	7 [11]	5 [8]
	3	5 [8]	0 [0]
24–48 h	0	56 [86]	62 [95]	0.102
	1	6 [9]	1 [2]
	2	1 [2]	2 [3]
	3	2 [3]	0 [0]

Postoperative vomiting score_

Overall vomiting score		Group A [n=65] Frequency [%]	Group B [n=65] Frequency [%]	P-value
0–2 h	0	59 [91]	61 [95]	0.061
	1	6 [9]	1 [2]
	2	0 [0]	0 [0]
	3	0 [0]	2 [3]
2–24 h	0	48 [74]	56 [86]	0.173
	1	11 [17]	7 [11]
	2	0 [0]	0 [0]
	3	6 [9]	2 [3]
24–48 h	0	64 [98.5]	65 [100]	1.000
	1	1 [1.5]	0 [0]
	2	0 [0]	0 [0]
	3	0 [0]	0 [0]

Incidence of adverse events_

Adverse effects	Group A Frequency [%]	Group B Frequency [%]	P-value
Headache	10 [15]	8 [12]	0.800
Dizziness	4 [6]	8 [12]	0.364
Drowsiness	14 [22]	17 [26]	0.537
Constipation	4 [6]	14 [22]	0.020
Allergic reaction	0 [0]	0 [0]	-
ECG changes	0 [0]	0 [0]