Percutaneous electrochemotherapy in primary and secondary liver malignancies – local tumor control and impact on overall survival
, , , , and | Feb 11, 2022
About this article
Article Category: Research Article
Published Online: Feb 11, 2022
Page range: 102 - 110
Received: Nov 19, 2021
Accepted: Dec 24, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2022-0003
© 2022 Hannah Spallek, Peter Bischoff, Willi Zhou, Francesca de Terlizzi, Fabian Jakob, Attila Kovàcs, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Figure 1
Demographic
| N | % | |
|---|---|---|
| 18 | ||
| M | 8 | 44.4% |
| F | 10 | 55.6% |
| Colorectal cancer | 38.9% | |
| Breast cancer | 22.2% | |
| Hepatocellular cancer | 11.1% | |
| Ovarian cancer | 11.1% | |
| Anal cancer | 5.6% | |
| Cancer of unknown primary origin (CUP) | 5.6% | |
| Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) | 5.6% | |
| 21 | ||
| Synchronous | 44.4% | |
| Metachronous | 44.4% | |
| No | 2 | 11.2% |
| Liver only | 7 | 43.7% |
| Liver + lung | 21.5% | |
| Liver + bone | 6.2% | |
| Liver + kidney | 6.2% | |
| Liver + lung + bone + brain | 6.2% | |
| Liver + bone + peritoneum | 6.2% | |
| Liver + pleural + bone | 6.2% | |
| Liver + retroperitoneal | 6.2% | |
| Systemic therapy | 16 | 88.8% |
| Liver surgery | 4 | 22.2% |
| TACE | 44.4% | |
| TACE + RFA | 5.6% | |
| TACE + CP | 5.6% | |
| CRYOTH | 5.6% | |
| NO | 38.9% | |
| Cardiac diseases | 33.3% | |
| Pulmonary diseases | 16.7% | |
| Liver diseases | 50.0% |
Response to treatment, progression-free survival and overall survival according to different subgroups of analysis
| CR | PR | SD | PD | NE | PFS (mo) | OS (mo) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | Mean ± s.d. | Mean ± s.d. | |
| < 6 cm | 9 (90.0%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (10.0%) | 12.0 ± 9.2 | 15.1 ± 8.0 |
| > 6 cm | 4 (36.4%) | 5 (45.4%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 | 1 (9.1%) | 4.7 ± 5.4 | 7.9 ± 7.9 |
| P value | 0.0483 | 0.0209 | 0.0322 | ||||
| Colorectal cancer | 4 (50.0%) | 2 (25.0%) | 0 | 0 | 2 (25.0%) | 7.3 ± 12.1 | 12.1 ± 12.1 |
| Breast cancer | 4 (80.0%) | 1 (20.0%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.8 ± 7.5 | 10.6 ± 6.9 |
| Hepatocellular cancer | 1 (33.3%) | 2 (66.7%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10.3±10.1 | 15.0 ± 7.2 |
| P-value | 0.3615 | 0.8781 | 0.8379 | ||||
| Distant (> 10 mm) | 2 (100%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.5 ± 3.5 | 8.5 ± 0.7 |
| Close (> 1 mm) | 5 (62.5%) | 1 (12.5%) | 1 (12.5%) | 0 | 1 (12.5%) | 8.0 ± 7.4 | 10.7 ± 7.3 |
| Adjacent (< 1 mm) | 6 (54.5%) | 4 (36.3%) | 0 | 0 | 1 (9.2%) | 8.8 ± 9.8 | 10.2 ± 10.5 |
| P-value | 0.6643 | 0.9364 | 0.9539 | ||||
Lesions and treatment description
| N | % | |
|---|---|---|
| 21 | 100% | |
| 21 | 100% | |
| Hypervascular | 2 | 9.5% |
| Intermediate | 14 | 71.4% |
| Hypovascular | 5 | 19.0% |
| Yes | 19 | 90.5% |
| No | 2 | 9.5% |
| Distant (> 10 mm) | 19.0% | |
| Close (1 mm to 10 mm) | 28.6% | |
| Adjacent (< 1 mm) | 11 | 52.4% |
| Local ablative therapy (LAT) | 0% | |
| Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) | 28.6% | |
| Chemoperfusion (CP) | 4.8% | |
| Treatment-naive | 14 | 66.7% |
| Yes | 20 | 95.2% |
| No | 1 | 4.8% |
| 2 | 4.8% | |
| 3 | 9.5% | |
| 4 | 4.8% | |
| 6 | 16 | 76.2% |
| 8 | 1 | 4.8% |
Response of target lesions evaluated between 1 and 3 months
| RESPONSE | N | % |
|---|---|---|
| Complete response (CR) | 13 | 61.9% |
| Partial response (PR) | 5 | 23.8% |
| Stable disease (SD) | 1 | 4.8% |
| Progressive disease (PD) | 0 | 0% |
| Lost to follow-up | 2 | 9.5% |