Sciendo Logo
  1. bookVolume 20 (2020): Issue 1 (June 2020)
Powder Metallurgy Progress's Cover Image
Powder Metallurgy Progress
Journal Details
License
Format
Journal
eISSN
1339-4533
First Published
16 Apr 2016
Publication timeframe
2 times per year
Languages
English
access type Open Access

Temperature-Dependent Electrical Characteristics of Disc-Shaped Compacts Fabricated using Calcined Eggshell Nano Powder and Dry Cassava Starch

Ubong W. Robert,
Ubong W. Robert,
Sunday E. Etuk,
Sunday E. Etuk,
Okechukwu E. Agbasi,
Okechukwu E. Agbasi,
Ubong A. Iboh and
Ubong A. Iboh and
Sunday S. Ekpo
Sunday S. Ekpo
Published Online: 31 Jul 2021
Volume & Issue: Volume 20 (2020) - Issue 1 (June 2020)
Page range: 12 - 20
Powder Metallurgy Progress's Cover Image
Powder Metallurgy Progress
Journal Details
License
Format
Journal
eISSN
1339-4533
First Published
16 Apr 2016
Publication timeframe
2 times per year
Languages
English
Abstract

Disc-shaped compacts were fabricated from two mix proportions of calcined eggshell nanopowder and dry cassava starch and then used as test samples. The electrical resistance (R), thermal sensitivity index (β) and electronic activation energy (Ea) of the samples measured over a temperature range from 35 to 75oC were found to decrease non-linearly in values with increasing temperature. It was also observed that the results obtained (R = 3.691E6 Ω – 6.210E7 Ω, β = 3812K – 5316K and Ea = 0.33 eV – 0.46 eV) fulfill market requirements by comparing very well with the established values for NTC thermistors. Hence, from manufacturing viewpoint, recycling of chicken eggshell wastes and cassava effluents can avail electronic industry with promising and alternative materials for fabrication of temperature sensing / monitoring / control devices suitable for engineering applications. This will also help to reduce environmental pollution.

Keywords

  • Calcium Oxide
  • Carr’s Compressibility Index
  • Eggshell
  • Poultry
  • Recycling
  • Steinhart-Hart Coefficients

[1] Eresor, O.: Comprehensive agricultural science for senior secondary schools, New edn., Glance series, Surulere, Lagos, 2003, p. 187. Search in Google Scholar

[2] Wee, RY.: Top egg producing countries in the world, World facts, 2019, http://worldatlas.com, Accessed 13 March 2019 Search in Google Scholar

[3] Martin, H., Frands, D., Robyn, A.: Products and profit from poultry 3, FAO Diversification, Surulere, Lagos, 2012, p. 23. Search in Google Scholar

[4] Olure-Bank, AM.: Int. J. Fin. & Eco., vol. 3, 2015, p. 107. Search in Google Scholar

[5] Mwangi, D.: Diversifying livelihood opportunities through poultry farming, http://adesoafrica.org/what-we-do/blogs/diversifying-livelihood-opportunities-through-poultry-farming/, Accessed 28 April 2015 Search in Google Scholar

[6] King’ori, AM.: Res. J. Poul. Sci., vol. 5, 2012, p. 9. Search in Google Scholar

[7] Hunton, P.: Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic., vol. 7, 2005, p. 67.10.1590/S1516-635X2005000200001 Search in Google Scholar

[8] Hecht, J.: Eggshells break into collagen market, New Scientist, 1999, https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg16121701-000-eggshells-break-into-collagen-market/, Accessed 28 October 2019. Search in Google Scholar

[9] Daengprok, W., Garnjanagoonchorn, W., Mine, Y.: Meat Sci., vol. 62, 2002, p. 199.10.1016/S0309-1740(01)00247-9 Search in Google Scholar

[10] Wei, Z., Li, B., Xu, C.: Bioresour. Technol., vol. 100, 2009, p. 2883.10.1016/j.biortech.2008.12.039 Search in Google Scholar

[11] Mgbenu, EN., Ifedili, S., Menkiti, AI., Omwuagba, BN.: Waves, Optics and Thermal Physics, Nigerian University Series, Nigeria, 1999, p. 86. Search in Google Scholar

[12] Sedha, RS.: A textbook of applied electronics, Multicolour revised Edn., Ram Nagar, New Delhi, India, 2008, p. 30. Search in Google Scholar

[13] Luo, W., Yao, H., Yang P., Chen, C.: J. Am. Ceramic Society, vol. 92, 2009, p. 2682.10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03289.x Search in Google Scholar

[14] Steinhart, JS., Hart, SR.: Deep-sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, vol. 15, 1968, p. 497.10.1016/0011-7471(68)90057-0 Search in Google Scholar

[15] Robert, UW., Etuk, SE., Umoren, GP., Agbasi OE.: Int. J. Thermophys, vol. 40, 2019, p. 83.10.1007/s10765-019-2547-8 Search in Google Scholar

[16] ASTM D6393, ASTM International, West Conshokocken, 2014, http://doi.org/10.15.1520/D6393-14 Search in Google Scholar

[17] Kanig, JL., Lachman L., Lieberman, HA.: The theory and practice of industrial pharmacy, 3rd edn. (Philadelphia, Germany, 1989) Search in Google Scholar

[18] Carr, RL.: Chem. Eng, vol. 72, 1965, p. 163.10.1001/archopht.1965.0097004016500714318489 Search in Google Scholar

[19] Wiendartun, W., Risdiana, R., Fitrilawati, F., Siregar, RE.: AIP Conference Proceedings, 2015. Search in Google Scholar

Recommended articles from Trend MD

Plan your remote conference with Sciendo