Distribution of oil, grease and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal water and sediments of Suez Bay

The permanganate index (PI), oil and grease (O&G), and 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in surface sediment and water samples collected at 13 sites along the western coast of Suez Bay (SB). PI and O&G in the SB coastal seawater ranged from 9.6 mg O₂ l⁻¹ and 17.0 mg l⁻¹ to 16.0 mg O₂ l⁻¹ and 37.0 mg l⁻¹, respectively. The level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in water and sediment in the SB offshore area was determined by gas chromatography/flame ionization detection. The concentration ranged from 0.574 to 16873.2 ng g⁻¹ in the sediment and 0.502 to 43.540 ng l⁻¹ in water. The collected data were compared with values reported in the literature. The possible source and origin of pollution was also assessed based on the determined relative PAH levels at the study sites, the ratio of low molecular mass PAHs (LPAHs) to high molecular mass PAHs (HPAHs), and molecular indices of samples.