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A review of research on the Lemanea genus in Serbia

Aleksandra B. Mitrović
Aleksandra B. Mitrović
, 
Nevena B. Đorđević
Nevena B. Đorđević
 and 
Snežana B. Simić
Snežana B. Simić
   | Mar 21, 2021
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Article Category: Original research paper
Published Online: Mar 21, 2021
Page range: 47 - 59
Received: May 18, 2020
Accepted: Aug 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oandhs-2021-0006
Keywords
© 2021 Aleksandra B. Mitrović et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1

Geographical location of Lemanea fucina, Lemanea rigida, Lemanea sp. and Lemanea fluviatilis localities in Serbia(■) Lemanea fucina: the Veljušnica River (VE); (♣) Lemanea rigida: the Jelašnica River (JR), the Gradska River (GR), the Božica channel (BC); (▲) Lemanea sp.: the Masurica River (MR), the Vuneva River (VU); (●) Lemanea fluviatilis: the Veliki Rzav River (VR), the Mileševka River (MI), the Vlasina River (VL), the Božica River (BR), the Golema River (GO), the Dojkinačka River (DR)
Geographical location of Lemanea fucina, Lemanea rigida, Lemanea sp. and Lemanea fluviatilis localities in Serbia(■) Lemanea fucina: the Veljušnica River (VE); (♣) Lemanea rigida: the Jelašnica River (JR), the Gradska River (GR), the Božica channel (BC); (▲) Lemanea sp.: the Masurica River (MR), the Vuneva River (VU); (●) Lemanea fluviatilis: the Veliki Rzav River (VR), the Mileševka River (MI), the Vlasina River (VL), the Božica River (BR), the Golema River (GO), the Dojkinačka River (DR)

Figure 2

Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea fucina: 1 – habit; 2 – transition of the sterile basal part into the fertile part; 3 – nodal and internodal diameter, spermatangial papillae arrangement. Scale bars: 1 cm for plate 1; 100 μm for plates 2 and 3
Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea fucina: 1 – habit; 2 – transition of the sterile basal part into the fertile part; 3 – nodal and internodal diameter, spermatangial papillae arrangement. Scale bars: 1 cm for plate 1; 100 μm for plates 2 and 3

Figure 3

Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea rigida: 1 – habit; 2 – transition of the sterile basal part into the fertile part; 3 – nodal and internodal diameter, spermatangial papillae arrangement. Scale bars: 1 cm for plate 1; 100 μm for plates 2 and 3
Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea rigida: 1 – habit; 2 – transition of the sterile basal part into the fertile part; 3 – nodal and internodal diameter, spermatangial papillae arrangement. Scale bars: 1 cm for plate 1; 100 μm for plates 2 and 3

Figure 4

Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea sp.: 1 – habit; 2 – transition of the sterile basal part into the fertile part; 3 – nodal and internodal diameter, spermatangial papillae arrangement. Scale bars: 1 cm for plate 1; 100 μm for plates 2 and 3
Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea sp.: 1 – habit; 2 – transition of the sterile basal part into the fertile part; 3 – nodal and internodal diameter, spermatangial papillae arrangement. Scale bars: 1 cm for plate 1; 100 μm for plates 2 and 3

Figure 5

Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea fluviatilis: 1 – habit; 2 – transition of the sterile basal part into the fertile part; 3 – nodal and internodal diameter, spermatangial papillae arrangement. Scale bars: 1 cm for plate 1; 100 μm for plates 2 and 3
Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea fluviatilis: 1 – habit; 2 – transition of the sterile basal part into the fertile part; 3 – nodal and internodal diameter, spermatangial papillae arrangement. Scale bars: 1 cm for plate 1; 100 μm for plates 2 and 3

Geographical coordinates and environmental parameters of Lemanea fluviatilis localities in Serbia

Species River (population code)/Date Geographical coordinates Altitude (m) Depth (cm) Substrate type Velocity (m s−1) Temperature (°C) pH Cond. (μS cm−1) Hardness (mg l−1) O2 (mg l−1) NH4 (mg l−1) NO3 (mg l−1) PO4 (mg l−1) Degree of shade Coverage (%) Associated macroalgae Threat factors
Lemanea fluviatilis Veliki Rzav (VR)* 19.05.2018 43°45′12.5″N 22°00′12.1″E 389 50 stone 2.0 10.4 7.98 270 130 9.98 <0.03 <4 <0.06 +++ 5 Nostoc sp. 3
Mileševka (MI)* 06.07.2019 43°21′58.4″N 19°43′16.9″E 571 5 stone 1.6 15.1 8.05 295 150 9.91 <0.03 <4 <0.06 ++ 10 Nostoc sp. Cladophora glomerata 2
Vlasina (VL) 26.05.2018 42°51′09.4″N 22°17′02.1″E 730 0–5 stone 1.5 14.1 7.59 90 40 10.1 <0.03 <4 <0.06 +++ 20 Nostoc sp. Hydrurus foetidus Cladophora glomerata 2, 4, 5
Božica River (BR) 27.05.2018 42°37′07.0″N 22°24′02.4″E 1038 0 stone 1.3 13.3 7.08 80 40 9.35 <0.03 <4 0.21 +++ 20 Hydrurus foetidus 2
Golema River (GO) 30.08.2018 43°23′44.2″N 22°36′18.8″E 905 0 stone 1.5 13.6 7.83 180 100 9.86 <0.03 <4 <0.06 + 30 / 2
Dojkinačka River (DR1) 19.08.2019 43°15′40.9″N 22°46′50.6″E 960 10 stone 2.0 12.1 7.32 160 100 10.31 <0.03 <4 <0.06 + 10 / 5
Dojkinačka River (DR2) 19.08.2019 43°15′02.0″N 22°46′32.6″E 972 10 stone 1.5 12.3 7.26 140 110 10.2 <0.03 <4 <0.06 ++ 20 / 5
Dojkinačka River (DR3) 19.08.2019 43°15′32.0″N 22°46′37.8″E 924 10 stone 1.8 12.3 7.29 140 110 10.28 <0.03 <4 <0.06 ++ 20 / 5

Geographical coordinates and environmental parameters of the previously described Lemanea fluviatilis localities from Serbia

River (population code)/Date Geographical coordinates Altitude (m) Depth (cm) Substrate type Velocity (m s−1) Temperature (°C) pH Conductivity (μS cm−1) O2 (mg l−1) N (mg l−1) P (mg l−1) Degree of shade Associated macroalgae Reference
Golema River (as the Crnovrška River) 06.1991 / 1250 / stone 1.42 9.0 7.6 / 13.6 0.45 0.2 ++ Chamaesiphon polonicus Phormidium favosum Tapinothrix janthina (as Homoeothrix janthina) Simić 1995
Svrljiški Timok River 06.1991 / 400 / stone 1 14.7 8.35 / 10.68 0.45 0.1 +++ Chantransia pygmaea Vaucheria sp. Cladophora glomerata Stigeoclonium elongatum Ulothrix zonata Simić 2002
Resava River 01.05.2003 / 450 / / 1.5 / / / / / / / / Simić 2007
Resava River 12.04.2004 / 800 / / 1.1 10.0 7.8 160 8.59 4.7 0.058 / / Simić 2007
Božica River 15.08.2004 / 1100 / / 1.1 13.8 7.1 70 8.51 4.6 0.443 / / Simić 2007
Vlasina River 15.08.2004 / 1000 / / / / / / / / / / / Simić 2007
Dojkinačka River 26.07.2010 43°15′43.3″N 22°46′23.2″E 1015 30 / / 12.5 7.0 / / / / / / Blagojević et al. 2017
Dojkinačka River 25.07.2010 43°15′24.5″N 22°46′31.3″E 1000 30 / / 15.0 7.5 / / / / / / Blagojević et al. 2017
Dojkinačka River 25.07.2010 43°15′02.0″N 22°46′32.6″E 972 30 / / 16.0 8.0 / / / / / / Blagojević et al. 2017
Dojkinačka River 25.07.2010 43°15′32.0″N 22°46′37.8″E 924 30 / / 17.0 7.0 / / / / / / Blagojević et al. 2017

Geographical coordinates and environmental parameters of Lemanea fucina, Lemanea rigida and Lemanea sp. localities in Serbia

Species River (population code)/Date Geographical coordinates Altitude (m) Depth (cm) Substrate type Velocity (m s−1) Temperature (°C) pH Cond. (μS cm−1) Hardness (mg l−1) O2 (mg l−1) NH4 (mg l−1) NO3 (mg l−1) PO4 (mg l−1) Degree of shade Coverage (%) Associated macroalgae Threat factors
Lemanea fucina Veljušnica (VE) 15.08.2018 43°22′05.7″N 19°54′35.0″E 992 0 stone 1.3 13.9 8.11 320 160 9.87 <0.03 <4 <0.06 ++ 20 Cladophora glomerata 2
Lemanea rigida Jelašnica (JR) 20.08.2019 42°37′56.9″N 22°07′06.6″E 433 5–10 stone 1.5 17.4 7.53 590 280 9.72 <0.03 <4 <0.06 ++ 10 Paralemanea sp. 2
Gradska River (GR) 26.05.2018 42°54′07.6″N 22°20′46.3″E 544 0 stone 1.8 14.7 7.51 100 50 9.96 <0.03 <4 0.19 +++ 10 Nostoc sp. 2, 4
Božica channel (BC) 23.07.2019 42°40′44.8″N 22°21′02.1″E 1212 0–5 stone 2 15.6 7.7 510 260 9.66 <0.03 <4 <0.06 +++ 10 Audouinella hermannii Hydrurus foetidus Cladophora glomerata 2
Lemanea sp. Masurica (MR) 28.05.2018 42°36′48.5″N 22°13′13.0″E 887 5–10 stone 1.5 11.5 7.48 60 30 10.35 <0.03 <4 <0.06 ++ 30 / 1
Vuneva (VU) 28.05.2018 42°36′46.7″N 22°13′16.2″E 889 10 stone 1.3 11.2 7.46 70 30 10.41 <0.03 <4 <0.06 + 7 / 1

Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea fucina, Lemanea rigida and Lemanea sp. from Serbia

Species River Plant length (cm) Sterile basal part Branching Nodal diameter (μm) Internodal diameter (μm) ND:ID Spermatangial papillae arrangement Carpospores length (μm) Carpospores diameter (μm) Chantransia
Lemanea fucina Veljušnica (VE). 3.2–8.7 gradually expanding into the fertile part true/false 460–690 370–560 1.3 Protruding; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 15.2–19.1 (29.5–48.8)* 9.6–13.8 (20.5–42.6)* +
Lemanea rigida Jelašnica (JR) 5.3–8.5 gradually expanding into the fertile part true 480–720 300–450 1.4 protruding or flat; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 26.8–42.1* 19.3–33.2* –
Gradska River (GR) 5.1–9.25 gradually expanding into the fertile part true/false 410–590 300–430 1.4 protruding or flat; 3 in whorls; regular or irregular 13.6–20.5 10–15.2 –
Božica channel (BC) 4.6–9.7 gradually expanding into the fertile part true/false 490–750 400–580 1.3 protruding or flat; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 30.7–42.1* 20.5–30.7* –
Lemanea sp. Masurica (MR) 2.3–5 imperceptibly expanding into the fertile part true 360–530 290–440 1.3 plane, rarely protruding; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 12.1–22.5 6.2–13.5 –
Vuneva (VU) 2.6–5.6 imperceptibly expanding into the fertile part true 380–520 300–440 1.3 plane, rarely protruding; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 12–22 6–13.7 –

Morphological and reproductive features of Lemanea fluviatilis from Serbia

Species River (population code) Plant length (cm) Sterile basal part Branching Nodal diameter (μm) Internodal diameter (μm) ND:ID Spermatangial papillae arrangement Carpospores length (μm) Carpospores diameter (μm) Chantransia
Lemanea luviatilis Veliki Rzav (VR) 2.5–5.2 abruptly expanding into the fertile part true/false 400–570 290–440 1.5 patches; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 21.7–31.2 12.1–17.5 –
Mileševka (MI) 4.5–11.5 abruptly or gradually expanding into the fertile part true/false 450–590 300–430 1.4 protruding; 2–4 in whorls; regular or irregular 35.8–50.5* 20.5–38.5* +
Vlasina (VL) 4.9–12.2 abruptly expanding into the fertile part true/false 550–680 400–550 1.3 patches; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 20.5–33.7 13.6–18.8 –
Božica River (BR) 4.7–7.1 abruptly expanding into the fertile part true 460–650 350–520 1.3 patches; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 23.5–33.5* 15.2–20.5* +
Golema River (GO) 4.7–6.2 abruptly expanding into the fertile part true/false 500–620 360–450 1.3 patches; 2–4 in whorls; regular or irregular 20.5–26.2 10.8–18.5 –
Dojkinačka River (DR1, DR2, DR3) 5.4–9.3 abruptly expanding into the fertile part no 510–780 360–580 1.4 patches; 2–3 in whorls; regular or irregular 29.5–41* 18.5–25.3* +
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