<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>This article follows on from previous research by questioning the <italic>disruptive</italic> character of four French online media: <italic>Les Jours</italic> (2016), <italic>Le Quatre Heures</italic> (2013), <italic>Médiacités</italic> (2017) and <italic>Brief.me</italic> (2015). In an attempt to identify what has changed and what may have settled to become standards of contemporary pure players today, this research investigates the way in which work is organized and revenue is made and, consequently, what this may mean for the journalistic profession in general. The findings suggest that building these pure players from scratch offers the opportunity for journalists to renew their skills in a framework in which they have control over the values and the means developed to maintain them. In a precarious professional context, it appears that journalists adapt by developing an increasingly entrepreneurial profile.</p>
</abstract>

This article follows on from previous research by questioning the disruptive character of four French online media: Les Jours (2016), Le Quatre Heures (2013), Médiacités (2017) and Brief.me (2015). In an attempt to identify what has changed and what may have settled to become standards of contemporary pure players today, this research investigates the way in which work is organized and revenue is made and, consequently, what this may mean for the journalistic profession in general. The findings suggest that building these pure players from scratch offers the opportunity for journalists to renew their skills in a framework in which they have control over the values and the means developed to maintain them. In a precarious professional context, it appears that journalists adapt by developing an increasingly entrepreneurial profile.

Disrupting journalism from scratch

Nordic Journal of Media Studies

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Outlining the figure of the entrepreneur–journalist in four French pure players

This article follows on from previous research by questioning the disruptive character of four French online media: Les Jours (2016), Le Quatre Heures (2013),...

	Le Quatre Heures	Brief.me	Les Jours	Médiacités
Date	July 2016	November 2014	June 2015	April 2017
Platform	KissKissBankBank	Ulule	KissKissBankBank	Ulule
Target	10,000 €	500 contributors	50,000 €	25,000 €
Total reached	10,850 €	886 contributors (23,070 €)	> 80,000 €	25,481 €

Disrupting journalism from scratch

Published Online: Jun 26, 2019

Page range: 29 - 46

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/njms-2019-0003

Keywords
journalism, online, pure player, entrepreneur, start-up

© 2019 Salles, C., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

A summary of the four pure players’ crowd-funding campaigns

Disrupting journalism from scratch

Published Online: Jun 26, 2019

Page range: 29 - 46

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/njms-2019-0003

Keywordsjournalism, online, pure player, entrepreneur, start-up

© 2019 Salles, C., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

A summary of the four pure players’ crowd-funding campaigns

Keywords
journalism, online, pure player, entrepreneur, start-up