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Predicting the Freeze-Thaw Damage Initiation in Concrete Facades with Different Surface Types

Niko Lindman

Niko Lindman

Doctoral Researcher, Tampere UniversityFinland
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Lindman, Niko
, 
Toni Pakkala

Toni Pakkala

University Lecturer, Tampere UniversityFinland
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Pakkala, Toni
 and 
Jukka Lahdensivu

Jukka Lahdensivu

Research Manager, P.O. Box 600, FI-33014, Tampere UniversityFinland
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Lahdensivu, Jukka
  
Jul 03, 2025
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Published Online: Jul 03, 2025
Page range: 47 - 61
Received: Feb 17, 2025
Accepted: Jun 10, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2025-0006
Keywords
© 2025 Niko Lindman et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Lindman, Niko
Doctoral Researcher, Tampere UniversityFinland
Pakkala, Toni
University Lecturer, Tampere UniversityFinland
Lahdensivu, Jukka
Research Manager, P.O. Box 600, FI-33014, Tampere UniversityFinland
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
2 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Materials Sciences, Materials Processing
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