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<p>Oral dentures are subjected to mechanical and chemical cleansing processes. However, these processes alter the physical and mechanical properties of denture acrylic resins. This study analyzes the surface roughness of conventional heat-cured (HC) polymethacrylate, light-cured (LC) urethane dimethacrylate, and prepolymerized computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) dental acrylic resins. The materials were subjected to combined surface treatment of mechanical brushing, thermal cycling, and immersion in chemical disinfectants (corega, chlorhexidine gluconate [CHG], and sodium hypochlorite) to simulate 1 year of clinical use. The surface roughness of the resin specimens before and after surface treatment was evaluated using a noncontact profilometer. Statistical tests based on analysis of variance revealed significant interactions between resin type and disinfectants, indicating that the effects of these two factors were interdependent. The highest and lowest surface roughness was observed in HC resins immersed in CHG and CAD/CAM resins immersed in sodium hypochlorite. Among the materials, HC resins demonstrated the overall highest mean roughness, followed by LC and CAD/CAM resins. Regarding the disinfectant use, the highest mean roughness was observed in disks immersed in CHG, followed by those immersed in corega and sodium hypochlorite. The prepolymerized CAD/CAM acrylic resin demonstrated superior surface quality following combined surface treatments. The HC and LC resins exceeded the roughness threshold and the reported roughness values for acrylic resins following surface treatments. Among the disinfectants tested, sodium hypochlorite produced overall low roughness values.</p>
</abstract>

Oral dentures are subjected to mechanical and chemical cleansing processes. However, these processes alter the physical and mechanical properties of denture acrylic resins. This study analyzes the surface roughness of conventional heat-cured (HC) polymethacrylate, light-cured (LC) urethane dimethacrylate, and prepolymerized computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) dental acrylic resins. The materials were subjected to combined surface treatment of mechanical brushing, thermal cycling, and immersion in chemical disinfectants (corega, chlorhexidine gluconate [CHG], and sodium hypochlorite) to simulate 1 year of clinical use. The surface roughness of the resin specimens before and after surface treatment was evaluated using a noncontact profilometer. Statistical tests based on analysis of variance revealed significant interactions between resin type and disinfectants, indicating that the effects of these two factors were interdependent. The highest and lowest surface roughness was observed in HC resins immersed in CHG and CAD/CAM resins immersed in sodium hypochlorite. Among the materials, HC resins demonstrated the overall highest mean roughness, followed by LC and CAD/CAM resins. Regarding the disinfectant use, the highest mean roughness was observed in disks immersed in CHG, followed by those immersed in corega and sodium hypochlorite. The prepolymerized CAD/CAM acrylic resin demonstrated superior surface quality following combined surface treatments. The HC and LC resins exceeded the roughness threshold and the reported roughness values for acrylic resins following surface treatments. Among the disinfectants tested, sodium hypochlorite produced overall low roughness values.

Surface roughness analysis of prepolymerized CAD/CAM dental acrylic resins following combined surface treatments

Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry

Materials Science-Poland

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Oral dentures are subjected to mechanical and chemical cleansing processes. However, these processes alter the physical and mechanical properties of denture...

Group (I)	Comparison group (J)	Mean difference (I–J)	p-value
Acrylic resins

HC	CAD/CAM	2.61	0.000^*
HC	LC	1.61	0.000^*
CAD/CAM	HC	−2.61	0.000^*
CAD/CAM	LC	−0.99	0.001^*
LC	HC	−1.61	0.000^*
LC	CAD/CAM	0.99	0.001^*

Disinfectants

Corega	NaOCl	0.41	0.328
Corega	CHG	−0.60	0.066
NaOCl	Corega	−0.41	0.328
NaOCl	CHG	−1.01	0.000^*
CHG	Corega	0.60	0.066
CHG	NaOCl	1.01	0.000^*

Source	Type III SS^*	DF	MS	F-value	p-value
Corrected model	145.99	8	18.24	18.45	0.000^*
Intercept	235.61	1	235.61	238.28	0.000^*
Resin	104.22	2	52.11	52.70	0.000^*
Disinfectants	15.63	2	7.81	7.90	0.001^*
Resins×Disinfectants	26.13	4	6.53	6.60	0.000^*
Error	80.09	81	0.98
Total	461.70	90

Acrylic resins	N	Mean ± SD	p-value
HC	30	0.24 ± 0.06	<0.001^*
CAD/CAM	30	0.03 ± 0.02
LC	30	0.17 ± 0.03

Surface roughness analysis of prepolymerized CAD/CAM dental acrylic resins following combined surface treatments

Published Online: Oct 14, 2021

Page range: 209 - 218

Received: May 03, 2021

Accepted: Aug 17, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2021-0018

Keywords
polymethylmethacrylate, CAD/CAM technologies, acrylic resins, disinfectants, roughness

© 2021 Afnan Alfouzan et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Pairwise comparison of the final surface roughness for the acrylic resins and disinfectants tested.

Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA results for the interactions between resin type and disinfectants on the roughness values.

Mean surface roughness (Ra, μm) of the acrylic resins at baseline.

Surface roughness analysis of prepolymerized CAD/CAM dental acrylic resins following combined surface treatments

Published Online: Oct 14, 2021

Page range: 209 - 218

Received: May 03, 2021

Accepted: Aug 17, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2021-0018

Keywordspolymethylmethacrylate, CAD/CAM technologies, acrylic resins, disinfectants, roughness

© 2021 Afnan Alfouzan et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Pairwise comparison of the final surface roughness for the acrylic resins and disinfectants tested.

Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA results for the interactions between resin type and disinfectants on the roughness values.

Mean surface roughness (Ra, μm) of the acrylic resins at baseline.

Keywords
polymethylmethacrylate, CAD/CAM technologies, acrylic resins, disinfectants, roughness