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Comparison of thunderstorm days in Poland based on SYNOP reports and PERUN lightning detection system

Sławomir Sulik

Sławomir Sulik

  • Nicolaus Copernicus University in TorunToruń, Poland
  • Skywarn PolandWarsaw, Poland
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Sulik, Sławomir
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Marek Kejna

Marek Kejna

Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityToruń, Poland
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Kejna, Marek
  
Jul 31, 2023
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Published Online: Jul 31, 2023
Page range: 134 - 146
Received: May 15, 2023
Accepted: Jul 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2023-0019
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© 2023 Sławomir Sulik et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1.

A - Hypsometric map of Poland based on the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Global Coverage (SRTM3) including geographical regions (source: NASA 2021). B - Location of the meteorological stations used in the study. C - Locations of lightning detection sensors in the PERUN network, with buffer zones. D - Average CG lightning accuracy based on the PERUN database during 2002–2020Source: own study
A - Hypsometric map of Poland based on the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Global Coverage (SRTM3) including geographical regions (source: NASA 2021). B - Location of the meteorological stations used in the study. C - Locations of lightning detection sensors in the PERUN network, with buffer zones. D - Average CG lightning accuracy based on the PERUN database during 2002–2020Source: own study

Figure 2.

The course of TDs and the correlation between the number of the TDs according to the SYNOP and PERUN data in Hel and Sandomierz during the period 2002–2020Source: own study
The course of TDs and the correlation between the number of the TDs according to the SYNOP and PERUN data in Hel and Sandomierz during the period 2002–2020Source: own study

Figure 3.

Average annual number of TDs in Poland according to SYNOP (A) and PERUN (B); data during the period 2002–2020Source: own study
Average annual number of TDs in Poland according to SYNOP (A) and PERUN (B); data during the period 2002–2020Source: own study

Figure 4.

Average monthly spatial variability of TDs in Poland based on SYNOP reports during the period 2002–2020Source: own study
Average monthly spatial variability of TDs in Poland based on SYNOP reports during the period 2002–2020Source: own study

Figure 5.

Average monthly spatial variability of TDs in Poland based on the PERUN lightning detection system during the period 2002–2020Source: own study
Average monthly spatial variability of TDs in Poland based on the PERUN lightning detection system during the period 2002–2020Source: own study

Figure 6.

Annual number of TDs in Poland based on SYNOP data during the period 2002–2020Source: own study
Annual number of TDs in Poland based on SYNOP data during the period 2002–2020Source: own study

Figure 7.

Annual number of TDs in Poland based on PERUN lightning detection system data during the period 2002–2020Source: own study
Annual number of TDs in Poland based on PERUN lightning detection system data during the period 2002–2020Source: own study

Figure 8.

Changes in thunderstorm days per decade in Poland during the period 2002–2020 based on SYNOP (A) and PERUN (B) data. Stations with a statistically significant trend (p≤0.05) are marked by a circleSource: own study
Changes in thunderstorm days per decade in Poland during the period 2002–2020 based on SYNOP (A) and PERUN (B) data. Stations with a statistically significant trend (p≤0.05) are marked by a circleSource: own study

Figure 9.

The course of thunderstorm days for selected stations in Poland during the period 2002–2020 based on SYNOP reportsSource: own study
The course of thunderstorm days for selected stations in Poland during the period 2002–2020 based on SYNOP reportsSource: own study
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Geosciences, Geography, Geosciences, other
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